Introduction

A good defense is a prerequisite for modern team handball. The intention is not only to prevent goals but also to actively win the ball and subsequently initiate a fast attack. The offense should permanently be put under pressure and forced to make mistakes.

The exercises in this collection initially deal with the individual basics of defense play. Individual and position-specific training marks the starting point for subsequent cooperative defense play and allows for choosing the appropriate defense system. The basics both include exercises on legwork, 1-on-1 defense and covering the pivot in combination with fast adjustment to subsequent actions as well as blocking and anticipating on the wing positions of a proactive defense system.

The second part of the collection deals with cooperative small group defense play and focuses on handing over/taking over attacking players along the defense line (width of defense) and on making agreements when defending against the pivot.

The third chapter introduces cooperative team defense in 6-0, 5-1, 3-2-1, and 4-2 defense systems along with possible variants.

Get inspired by the exercises, develop your own defense concepts, and make use of the individual strengths of your defense players for optimal cooperation.

Publishing information

1 st English edition released on 15 Aug 2018

German original edition released on 09 Mai 2018

Published by DV Concept

Editors, design, and layout: Jörg Madinger, Elke Lackner

Proofreading and English translation: Nina-Maria Nahlenz

ISBN: 978-3-95641-215-8

This publication is listed in the catalogue of the German National Library. Please refer to http://dnb.de for bibliographic data.

The work and its components are protected by copyright. No reprinting, photomechanical reproduction, storing or processing in electronic systems without the publisher's written permission.

Key:

Cone

Ball box

Small gym mat

Balance bench

Pole

Bib

Foam noodles (foam beams)

The exercises are divided into the following difficulty levels:

:This exercise can be done both by beginners and well-advanced players and is intended to develop basic defense skills.

: This exercise requires some experience but may be done by players of all age groups with appropriate adaptation.

: This exercise is more complex and requires proficiency in the basic skills.

: This exercise is very complex and should be done by well-trained players in the competitive areas only who fulfill the athletic requirements. Four stars are awarded to exercises also when a specific defense system is required that should be practiced by older age groups only.

Category: Individual basics
1. General exercises on legwork and basic defense movements
No. 1: Basic defense training with ropes

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 4

Equipment required: 4 cones and 2 ropes (without handles) per team of 2

Setting:

- The players make groups of 2.

- Define one playing field per group with cones or use existing field markings on the floor.

Course 1 (A):

- Each player has a rope folded once or twice and put it into the waistband of his pants on the backside.

- Upon the coach’s whistle, the pairs start simultaneously, and each player tries to pull out the rope of his opponent’s pants.

- If a player succeeds before the coach whistles again (after 20 seconds), he gets a point. The other player must do 10 jumping jacks.

- After the first round, one player of each team changes to the next field clockwise and the course starts over with new pairs.

- Who has scored highest in the end?

Course 2 (B):

- Only one player per team has a rope folded twice and put it into the waistband of his pants on the backside.

- Upon the coach’s whistle, all the players without a rope start simultaneously and try to steal their teammate’s rope as fast as possible.

- If a player succeeds, he calls out “STOP”.

- The player who first calls out “STOP” gets a point.

- The players without a rope change to the next field clockwise and the course starts over.

- As soon as all the players without a rope have played one time against each player with a rope, the player who has scored highest wins the game.

- Now switch the tasks, i.e. the players without a rope in the first round now take the ropes; the other players try to be the first stealing the rope in each field.

Course 3: (C):

- Put a folded rope on the floor in the center of each field.

- One player per field starts as the defending player, one as the attacking player.

- Upon the coach’s whistle, the attacking players try to pick up the rope as fast as possible.

- The defending players try to prevent this for as long as possible.

- After 20 seconds, the coach whistles again. All attacking players who managed to pick up the rope and all defending players who successfully defended the rope (rope is still on the floor) get a point.

- Now switch the tasks (attacking/defending player) in each field.

- After the second round, one player per field moves to the next field clockwise and the course starts over with new pairs.

- Who has scored highest in the end?

No. 2: Goalkeeper warm-up shooting with defense legwork

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: Sufficient number of handballs

Setting:

- Two players start as the defending players, the other players stand at the 9-meter line, each holding a handball.

Course:

- starts on the left wing position, makes a step forward and touches the ball held by , quickly moves back to the 6-meter line, makes a step forward again and touches the ball held by , etc. (A).

- starts the course a bit delayed on the right side (B).

- A soon as has touched the ball, approaches the goal and shoots at the left side of the goal (C).

- Afterwards, shoots at the right side of the goal (D), once has touched the ball.

- The other players subsequently shoot at the left and right side of the goal alternately (E) and as instructed (top, bottom, middle).

- As soon as has touched each handball, he receives a pass from the coach (F) and also shoots at the left side of the goal (H); receives another pass from the coach (G) and shoots at the right side of the goal and as instructed (J).

Change the defending players for the next shooting round.

Make sure that the defending players move back to the 6-meter line after they touched the ball and before they start running towards the next ball.

The shooting players should try to create a rhythm for the goalkeeper and make sure that he is able to reach and save the shots. They probably must delay their action a bit after the defending player has touched the respective handball.

No. 3: Actively stepping forward towards the ball holder 3-on-4

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 2

Equipment required: 9 cones, 1 handball

Setting:

- Put four cone goals diagonally in the corners and one cone into the center of a suitable playing field (see figure).

Course:

- makes a piston movement towards the gap between the two cones (A). steps forward actively into his movement path (B) and slightly pushes him back.

- passes to (C) who makes a piston movement towards the gap between the cones (D) and feints a stem shot. steps forward into the movement path of (E) and slightly pushes him back.

- passes to (G), who makes a piston movement towards the gap between the cones. steps forward into the movement path of (H) and slightly pushes him back.

- In the meantime, has moved back and touched the cone in the center (F). passes to who starts the piston movement (J) and steps forward into the movement path of (K), etc.

Variant:

- Allow return passes. The three defending players must clearly agree upon who is in charge of the respective attacking payer.

The players who do the piston movement must give the defending players sufficient time to get into physical contact and then play a quick pass into the running path of the next teammate.

The defending players should step forward quickly and then move back towards the cone in the center immediately.

Switch the defending players at regular intervals.

No. 4: Reaction training with actively stepping forward towards the ball holder

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: One cone and one handball per team of 4

Setting:

- The players make teams of 4.

- Put one cone per team on the floor.

Course 1:

- , , and stand next to each other while keeping a distance to the cone ( might stand a bit further in the back); stands next to the cone (see figure) plays the initial pass to (A), who makes a slight piston movement (B) and feints a stem shot.

- steps forward into the movement path of (C) and gets into physical contact while maintaining a defending body posture (one hand towards the opponent’s throwing hand, the other hand towards his hip) and slightly pushes back.

- passes to (D). The three attacking players keep playing quick passes (F and G) while runs around the cone (E), with passes from to and vice versa being allowed. runs forward, his view is not in direction of the attacking players.

- As soon as turns around at the cone, the player who is about to receive the ball next, makes a slight piston movement and feints a stem shot (H). steps forward towards his movement path (J) and slightly pushes him back.

- Afterwards, runs around the cone again and the players repeat the course several times.

- After eight actions, the players switch positions.

- The other teams of 4 do the drill in parallel.

must check who has the ball once he has arrived at the cone in order to step forward towards the respective player.

Course 2:

- The basic course remains the same.

- After the initial pass, makes a slight piston movement (B), steps forward into his movement path (C) and pushes him back.

- passes to (D), and the attacking players may keep passing freely.

- now moves backward to the cone while observing the attacking players.

- As soon as one of the attacking players bounces the ball once, makes a piston movement, and feints a shot (K), immediately changes his running direction, runs forward (L) – even if he had not arrived at the cone yet –, steps forward towards the attacking player’s movement path and pushes him back.

- After eight actions, the players switch positions again.

No. 5: Stepping forward and moving backward during the goalkeeper warm-up shooting

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: 3 cones, 2 ball boxes with sufficient number of handballs

Setting:

- Position three cones as shown in the figure.

Course:

- starts to dribble and feints a stem shot (A).

- steps forward into the movement path of and slightly pushes him back (B).

- Afterwards, runs around the left cone (C), receives a pass from into his running path (D), and eventually shots at the left side of the goal as instructed (hands, top, bottom) (E).

- becomes the next defending player, runs around the cone at the 6-meter line (F), and steps forward towards the movement of (H), who has started a piston movement on the right side (G).

- As soon as has pushed back slightly, runs around the cone on the right (J), receives a pass from into his running path (K), and shoots at the right side of the goal as instructed (L).

- And so on.

The players should perform a clear-cut defense action before they quickly adjust and start the shooting action.

No. 6: Stepping forward and moving backward on the left/right back positions

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: 6 cones, 2 handballs

Setting:

- Define the running path with six cones as shown in the figure.

Course:

- starts the piston movement on the wing position and passes into the running path of (A).

- does the same running movement in parallel towards the cone (B).

- makes a piston movement in direction of the cone and passes the ball to into his running path (C).

- runs around the foremost cone and then back to the backmost cone (D).

- makes a piston movement in direction of the goal and passes the ball back to (E).

- runs back again and around the foremost cone (F).

- passes the ball back to the wing player and the course starts over.

- , , , and do the same course in parallel on the other side.

must coordinate his running movement in such a way that he is stepping forward as soon as receives the pass and moves backward immediately after he passed the ball.

, , and must move back again immediately after they played the pass so that they are ready to start the piston movement for the next action.

2. Exercises on physical contact
No. 7: Pushing attacking players out of the 6-meter zone/Preventing a breakthrough

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: In course 2: 1 cone and 2-3 handballs

Course 1 (figure 1):

- Make two teams.

- Both teams start at the 6-meter zone; one team defending, the other team attacking.

- Upon the coach’s command, the defending players try to push the attacking players out of the 6-meter zone as fast as possible by getting into physical contact (A) and controlled pushing movements (C).

- The other players try to stay in the 6-meter zone for as long as possible (B). They must not enter the 6-meter zone once they have been pushed out, however.

- Stop the time as soon as all players have been pushed out of the 6-meter zone.

- Switch tasks afterwards. Which team has pushed their opponents out of the 6-meter zone fastest?

The defending players may collaborate and develop strategies on their own.

The defending players should not push but rather force their opponents to move (get into physical contact and move their opponent away by using bent arms and doing quick steps).

Course 2 (figure 2):

- Make two teams.

- The attacking players have two handballs and start in the goal. The defending players start in the 6-meter zone.

- Make the field smaller with a cone, so that not the entire 6-meter zone is available for playing (see figure).

- Upon the coach’s starting signal, the two attacking players with the ball try to cross the 6-meter zone as fast as possible (A) and to leave it (C) (while holding the ball in their hands).

- The defending players try to stop the attacking players from breaking through and out of the 6-meter zone by collaborating and by getting into physical contact (B).

- If an attacking player manages to break through (C), he passes the ball to a teammate in the goal (D) who then also tries to break through.

- As soon as all players except the last one have left the 6-meter zone, stop the time and switch tasks.

- Which defense team manages to prevent the attacking players from breaking through for the longest time?

Define the playing field with a cone and according to the players’ level of performance.

The attacking players may play a return pass to the next player in the goal anytime if they don’t manage to leave the 6-meter zone. If this is the case, they must go back into the goal, however.

The defending players must maintain a one meter’s distance to the goal and must not interrupt return passes nor the attacking players from starting their action.

No. 8: Preventing an attacking player from breaking through 2-on-1

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: 2 cones and one handball per team of 4

Setting:

- Define the finish lines with cones (see figure).

Course:

- The defending players play against a single attacking player (here and ).

- ()runs towards the defense holding a ball (A). The attacking player may do any number of steps without dribbling.

- The defending players try to prevent () from breaking through between the two cones defining the finish line (B).

- The defending players must cooperate and get into physical contact with the attacking player.

- If the attacking player breaks through (C), he gets a point.

- Each attacking player must try to break through on each side. Afterwards, change the defending players, so that each player has played defense once (twice for smaller groups).

- Which attacking player has scored highest?

The defending players must be willing to get into physical contact and to collaborate to prevent the attacking player from breaking through.

No. 9: Preventing an attacking player from breaking through 3-on1 or 2-on-1

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 8

Equipment required: 2 cones, ball box with sufficient number of handballs

Setting:

- Make teams of three.

- Define the playing field with cones.

Course 1 (figure 1):

- One team of three starts as defending team, one team as attacking team, the players of the third team serve as feeders/receivers ( and ).

- The defending players play against a single attacking player (here ).

- runs towards the defense holding a ball (A). may do any number of steps without dribbling.

- The defending players try to defend against and to prevent any further attacking actions (B).

- has the following options for scoring:

→ Shot from behind the 9-meter line -> gets two points for each goal.

→ Breakthrough and shot within the 9-meter zone (three points for a goal, two points if manages to shoot at the goal).

→ Pass from within the 9-meter zone to one of the feeders/receivers (C), one point.

- If the defense players tackle in such a way that he cannot do any further actions, he doesn’t get a point.

- , , and each play two attacks (six actions for the defense). Afterwards, add up the points.

- Switch the tasks (, , and become the defense players; , , and become the attacking players; , , and may take a break and serve as feeders/receivers).

- Each team plays defense one time and offense at least one time.

- Which defending team is best in preventing the attacking players from scoring?

Course 2 (Figure 2):

- The course remains the same; however, now there are only two defending players playing in a slightly smaller field (the defending team of two substitutes one player each after two actions).

The defending players must be willing to get into physical contact and to collaborate to prevent the attacking player from shooting, breaking through, or playing a pass.

The attacking players must move dynamically and must not dread to get into physical contact in order to score as many points as possible.

3. 1-on-1 defense play
No. 10: Ball familiarization 1-on-1

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 3

Equipment required: 4 cones and 1 handball per group of 3

Setting:

- Make teams of three, each team having one ball and 4 cones.

- The players stand as shown in the figure.

Course:

- passes the ball to and immediately receives a return pass (A).

- plays a slight banana pass over to (B).

- turns to the wall, bounces the ball once or twice against it and catches it again (C).

- After his pass to (B), tries to get past and into the space between the cones (D and E). steps forward into the movement path of and pushes him past the cone using his arms (F).

- After the action, turns around at once, runs through the cones and to the other side (G), receives the ball from , and immediately plays a return pass (H).

- plays a slight banana pass over to (J) and the course starts over.

- Change the defending players after four to five rounds.

should adjust immediately after the first action (F) and start the subsequent action (G and H).

must not clinch or hold during the entire action.

should use his arms as shock absorbers when defending against and push backward and to the side by proper legwork.

No. 11: Basic movements and 1-on-1

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 3

Equipment required: 1 cone and 1 handball per group of 3

Basic setting:

- The players make teams of three; each team has one cone and one ball.

Course:

- makes a forward piston movement (A) and steps forward into the piston movement path (B).

- passes he ball to (C).

- slightly moves backward in order to secure the cone and then immediately steps forward into the piston movement path of (D) -> “triangle move”.

- Afterwards, the players repeat the piston movement and receives the ball (E) etc.

- The players keep repeating the piston movement until one of them bounces the ball ( in the example). This is the starting sign for the subsequent 1-on-1 action.

- now dynamically runs towards the cone (F) and tries to reach the cone in a 1-on-1 action (H). tries to keep away from the cone using proper legwork as well as his arms (G).

- If is successful and reaches the cone or if manages to interrupt the attack of , passes the ball to , and now also starts a 1-on-1 action against .

- Afterwards, the three players switch positions and the course starts over.

and should choose their passing speed in such a way that is able to do the “triangle move” correctly.

When doing the triangle move, should always maintain the proper defending posture when stepping forward towards the attacking player (correct foot and arm posture).

No. 12: 1-on-1 exercise with fast adjustment and without a ball

Difficulty level:

Minimum number of players: 9

Equipment required: 1 pole, 1 bib, and 1 handball per group of 3

Setting:

- The players make teams of three.

- Each team of three plays at a pole.

Course:

- One player starts as defending player, one as attacking player. The third player stands near the pole at a short distance and holds a bib.

- Upon the coach’s whistle, all attacking players start the course in parallel:

- tries to get past 1-on-1 without a ball and to touch the pole with his hand (A). tries to prevent the attacking player from touching the pole for as long as possible (B).

- As soon as one attacking player has touched the pole (C), he calls out “STOP”.

- “STOP” is the sign for the players standing next to the poles (, , and ) to throw the bib in the air (D).

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