Упражнения. Страдательный залог. Время The Present Perfect
Игорь Евтишенков

Дизайнер обложки Игорь Николаевич Евтишенков

© Игорь Евтишенков, 2025

© Игорь Николаевич Евтишенков, дизайн обложки, 2025

ISBN 978-5-0065-9336-7

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Перед вами – сборник упражнений для отработки страдательного залога в Present Perfect.

Огромное спасибо:

Ольге Тынчеровой за основную идею и дополнительные материалы, комментарии по каждому заданию и многочисленные замечания в процессе всей работы;

Виктории Рашевских – за советы и критику, рекомендации и хорошее настроение;

Кириане Скрылёвой – за постоянную поддержку, обсуждение общих моментов, добрые советы и помощь в работе;

Главному Волшебнику и автору «Педагогики Удивления» Петру Анатольевичу Степичеву – за поддержку и советы по структуре заданий и упражнений, доброе отношение, осторожную критику и, конечно, огромный позитив в общении!

***

Все упражнения строятся на принципе преемственности, поэтому большая часть текста совпадает с книгами «Упражнения. Страдательный залог. Время The Present Simple, We Are Taught Every Day», «Упражнения. Времена Simple. Страдательный залог. We are taught, we were taught, we will be taught», «Упражнения. Страдательный залог. Время The Past Simple», «Упражнения. Страдательный залог. Время The Future Simple», «Упражнения. Страдательный залог. Время The Present Continuous», «Упражнения. Страдательный залог. Время The Future Perfect». Отличие в заключается в обстоятельствах времени и контексте, которые определяют выбор формы сказуемого в английском языке.

Например:

1. The Present Simple: Обычно я доставляю письма -> Письма обычно доставляются мною.

2. The Past Simple: Вчера письма доставлял я -> Вчера письма доставлялись мною.

3. The Future Simple: Завтра письма буду доставлять я -> Завтра письма будут доставляться мною.

3—3. The Present + Past + Future Simple (обобщение всех трёх времён Simple)

4. The Present Continuous: Я сейчас доставляю письма -> Письма сейчас доставляются мною.

5. The Past Continuous: Я доставлял письма, когда ты позвонил мне -> Письма доставлялись мною, когда ты позвонил мне.

7. The Present Perfect: Я уже доставил письма -> Письма уже доставлены мною.

8. The Past Perfect: Я доставил письма до того, как ты пришёл -> Письма были доставлены мною до того, как ты пришёл.

9. The Future Perfect: Я доставлю письма к 6 вечера -> Письма будут доставлены мною к 6 вечера.

***

Каждый сборник, кроме группы Perfect (7-8-9), содержит стандартный набор упражнений:

1. Базовые.

– повествовательные;

– отрицательные;

– вопросительные;

2. Одушевлённые после by.

– повествовательные;

– отрицательные;

– вопросительные;

3. Неодушевлённые после with.

– повествовательные;

– отрицательные;

– вопросительные;

4. Выбор и перевод.

– выбор правильной формы страдательного залога в отдельном предложении;

– перевод с русского на английский;

– выбор правильной формы страдательного залога в тексте;

5. Варианты ответов по всем упражнениям.

6. Дополнительные материалы.

– текст и составление вопросов;

– вопросы для письменного ответа;

– составление текста о себе;

– описание изображения в страдательном залоге.

***

Упражнения в Perfect содержат первую базовую часть для отработки конструкции страдательного залога в повествовательных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях. Однако остальные упражнения представляют собой более сложные задания, основанные на условиях/обстоятельствах употребления каждого из них. Например, В Past Perfect рассмотрено употребление с предлогами, в контексте, при условии значимости, в Conditional III и I wish / If only, при согласовании времён и т. п.

Упражнения составлены по принципу «от простого – к сложному». Первое упражнение использует глаголы без учёта их переходности и обстоятельственных слов в каждом времени. Основной задачей является отработка и запоминание конструкции «BE + III форма глагола», а также очень важного отличия местоимений по форме, так как в русском языке они меняются, например, «я => мне, меня», а в английском – нет, «I => I»:

Я проинформировал => I have informed

Меня проинформировали => I have been informed

***

Все задания являются письменными. Перевод лежит в основе отработки данного навыка. Однако вторым очень эффективным приёмом является повторение выполненного упражнения вслух. Это условие обеспечивает улучшение количества запоминаемых слов и выражений на 30—40 процентов.

Данные сборники предназначены для формирования базовых навыков употребления страдательного залога и предназначены как для преподавателей, так и тех, кто изучает английский язык самостоятельно.

THE PRESENT PERFECT
ACTIVE VOICE -> PASSIVE VOICE

7—1. PRESENT PERFECT. БАЗОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

ЗАДАНИЕ 1

Упражнение 1. Повествовательные предложения. Преобразуйте в страдательный залог.

0. He has already finished the project.

The project has already been finished by him.

1. I have found a better car recently.

______________________________

2. You have made this mistake many times.

______________________________

3. He has done that job for ten years.

______________________________

4. She has turned him down lately.

______________________________

5. The new version of the game has introduced three more levels.

______________________________

6. We have just met him at the airport.

______________________________

7. They have studied coding since seven.

______________________________

8. She has stolen many other things before.

______________________________

9. The judge has charged him of committing that crime.

______________________________

10. His neighbour has accused him of breaking the fence.

______________________________

Упражнение 2. Отрицательные предложения. Преобразуйте в страдательный залог.

0. He has not finished the project yet.

The project has not been finished by him yet.

1. I have not found a better car yet.

______________________________

2. You have not made this mistake many times.

______________________________

3. He has not done that job for ten years.

______________________________

4. She has not turned him down lately.

______________________________

5. The new version of the game has not introduced three more levels.

______________________________

6. We have not just met him at the airport.

______________________________

7. They have not studied coding since seven.

______________________________

8. She has not stolen many other things before.

______________________________

9. The judge has not charged him of committing that crime.

______________________________

10. His neighbour has not accused him of breaking the fence.

______________________________

Упражнение 3. Вопросительные предложения. Преобразуйте в страдательный залог.

0. Has he already finished the project yet?

Has the project been finished by him yet?

1. Have I found a better car yet?

______________________________

2. Have you ever made this mistake before?

______________________________

3. Has he done that job for ten years?

______________________________

4. Has she turned him down yet?

______________________________

5. Has the new version of the game introduced three more levels?

______________________________

6. Have we met him at the airport yet?

______________________________

7. Have they studied coding since seven?

______________________________

8. Has she ever stolen other things before?

______________________________

9. Has the judge charged him of committing that crime yet?

______________________________

10. Has his neighbour accused him of breaking the fence?

______________________________

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. ВАРИАНТЫ ПЕРЕВОДА
Повествовательные предложения

N#1 (+)

0. He has already finished the project.

The project has already been finished by him.

1. I have found a better car recently.

A better car has been found by me recently.

2. You have made this mistake many times.

This mistake has been made be you many times.

3. He has done that job for ten years.

That job has been done by him for ten years.

4. She has turned him down lately.

He has been turned down by her lately.

5. The new version of the game has introduced three more levels.

Three more levels have been introduced by the new version of the game.

6. We have just met him at the airport.

He has just been met by us at the airport.

7. They have studied coding since seven.

Coding has been studied by them since seven.

8. She has stolen many other things before.

Many other things have been stolen by her before.

9. The judge has just charged him of committing that crime.

He has just been charged of committing that crime by the judge.

10. His neighbour has accused him of breaking the fence.

He has been accused by his neighbour of breaking the fence.

Отрицательные

N#2 (-)

0. He has not finished the project yet.

The project has not been finished by him yet.

1. I have not found a better car yet.

A better car has not been found by me yet.

2. You have never made such a mistake before.

Such a mistake has never been made be you before.

3. He has not done such a job for so long.

Such a job has not been done by him for so long.

4. She has not turned him down yet.

He has not been turned down by her yet.

5. The new version of the game has not introduced three more levels.

Three more levels have not been introduced by the new version of the game.

6. We have not met him at the airport, unfortunately.

He has not been met by us at the airport, unfortunately.

7. They have not studied coding since then.

Coding has not been studied by them since then.

8. She has not forgotten many other things before.

Many other things have not been forgotten by her before.

9. The judge has not charged him of committing that crime today.

He has not been charged of committing that crime by the judge today.

10. His neighbour has not accused him of breaking the fence.

He has not been accused by his neighbour of breaking the fence.

Вопросительные

N#3 (?)

0. Has he already finished the project yet?

Has the project been finished by him yet?

1. Have I found a better car yet?

Has a better car been found by me yet?

2. Have you ever made this mistake before?

Has this mistake ever been made be you before?

3. Has he done that job for ten years?

Has that job been done by him for ten years?

4. Has she turned him down yet?

Has he been turned down by her yet?

5. Has the new version of the game introduced three more levels?

Have three more levels been introduced by the new version of the game?

6. Have we met him at the airport yet?

Has he been met by us at the airport yet?

7. Have they studied coding since seven?

Has coding been studied by them since seven?

8. Has she ever stolen other things before?

Have other things been stolen by her before?

9. Has the judge charged him of committing that crime yet?

Has he been charged of committing that crime by the judge yet?

10. Has his neighbour accused him of breaking the fence?

Has he been accused by his neighbour of breaking the fence?

7—1. PRESENT PERFECT. БАЗОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

ЗАДАНИЕ 2

Упражнение 1. Отрицательные предложения. Преобразуйте в страдательный залог.

0. He has already finished the project.

The project has already been finished by him.

1. They have already elected a new president.

______________________________

2. The chef has just prepared a delicious meal.

______________________________

3. I have read that book twice.

______________________________

4. She has solved such problems quickly many times before.

______________________________

5. The company has launched a successful campaign recently.

______________________________

6. He has written several poems since 1950

______________________________

7. The artist has created a stunning sculpture.

______________________________

8. We have visited that museum many times.

______________________________

9. The team has won the championship lately.

______________________________

10. The author has just published a new novel.

______________________________

Упражнение 2. Отрицательные предложения. Преобразуйте в страдательный залог.

0. He has not finished the project yet.

The project has not been finished by him yet.

1. They have not elected a new president yet.

______________________________

2. The chef has not prepared a delicious meal yet.

______________________________

3. I have never read a book twice.

______________________________

4. She has never solved such problems quickly before.

______________________________

5. The company has not launched an ad campaign yet.

______________________________

6. He has not written many poems since 1950.

______________________________

7. The artist has never created stunning sculptures.

______________________________

8. We have not visited that museum yet.

______________________________

9. The team has never won the championship before.

______________________________

10. The author has not published a new novel since 1990.

______________________________

Упражнение 3. Вопросительные предложения. Преобразуйте в страдательный залог.

0. Has he already finished the project yet?

Has the project been finished by him yet?

1. Have they already elected a new president yet?

______________________________

2. Has the chef has prepared a delicious meal yet?

______________________________

3. Have I have ever read a book twice?

______________________________

4. Has she ever solved such problems quickly before?

______________________________

5. Has the company launched an ad campaign yet?

______________________________

6. Has he written many poems since 1950?

______________________________

7. Has the artist ever created a stunning sculpture?

______________________________

8. Have we ever visited that museum before?

______________________________

9. Has the team ever won the championship?

______________________________

10. Has the author published a new novel yet?

______________________________

ЗАДАНИЕ 2. ВАРИАНТЫ ПЕРЕВОДА
Повествовательные предложения

N#1 (+)

0. He has already finished the project.

The project has already been finished by him.

1. They have already elected a new president.

A new president has already been elected by them.

2. The chef has just prepared a delicious meal.

A delicious meal has just been prepared by the chef.

3. I have read that book twice.

That book has been read by me twice.

4. She has solved such problems quickly many times before.

Such problems have been solved quickly by her many times before.

5. The company has launched a successful campaign recently.

A successful campaign has been launched by the company recently.

6. He has written several poems since 1950.

Several poems have been written by him since 1950.

7. The artist has created a stunning sculpture.

A stunning sculpture has been created by the artist.

8. We have visited that museum many times.

That museum has been visited by us many times.

9. The team has won the championship lately.

The championship has been won by the team lately.

10. The author has just published a new novel.

A new novel has just been published by the author.

Отрицательные

N#2 (-)

0. He has not finished the project yet.

The project has not been finished by him yet.

1. They have not elected a new president yet.

A new president has not been elected by them yet.

2. The chef has not prepared a delicious meal yet.

A delicious meal has not been prepared by the chef yet.

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