Вера Якушева
На пути к совершенству

Данное пособие может быть использовано как самостоятельно, так и совместно с учебником Cutting Edge Advanced, тренируя лексику и устную речь.

Unit 1 Global Living

Get to know new words and phrases. Put your notes into the spare boxes

1. a lingua franca

Международный язык

p6,

2. a clash of cultures

Столкновение культур

106,

3. brain drain

«Утечка» мозгов

109

4. a sweatshop

Потогонное производство

5. a processing facility

Перерабатывающее предприятие

6. emit greenhouse gases

Выделять парниковые газы

7. an ultimate aim

Окончательная цель

8. build smth from scratch

Построить что-то с нуля

9. use as a template

Использовать в качестве шаблона

10. a creche

Ясли

11. exclude from the list

Исключить из списка

12. a cable car

Фуникулер, канатная дорога

13. a reclaimed land

Восстановленная земля

p 8

14. a green-belt land

Территория «зеленого» пояса (зона с ограничением природопользования и с/х деятельности)

15. a residential area

Жилой (спальный) район

16. a shanty town

Города-трущобы

17. sky-high property prices

Взвинченные цены на недвижимость

18. urban sprawl

Разрастание городов, беспорядочная застройка

19. squalor

Убожество

20. availability of housing

Доступность жилья

21. demolition of old buildings (to demolish)

Снос старых зданий (сносить)

22. a no-go area

Запретная (опасная) зона

23. slums

Трущобы

24. congestion

Затор, пробка

25. to head upwards

Устремляться вверх

26. to draw up a contract

Составить контракт

27. to mass-produce

Производить в массовых масштабах

28. a side effect

Побочный эффект

29. to keep up with smth

Успевать, гнаться за чем-то

30. brand new

Абсолютно новый

31. It needs a further consideration.

Это требует дальнейшего рассмотрения.

ex. 1. Look through all the collocations of the unit. Discuss the following questions

1. Do you wear only brand new clothes or do you consider it acceptable to buy something second-hand? Have you ever bought anything second-hand?

2. What can you say about the availability of housing in your region?

3. Can you give examples of no-go areas? Why are they called like that?

4. Is it possible to do away with the congestion in a city? How?

5. Do you agree that there are sky-high property prices in Moscow? How can they be explained?

6. What is the difference between the city centre and a residential area?

7. Do you know any city where the houses were built on a reclaimed land? Tell more about that. Look up the information on the internet if necessary.

8. What countries have sweatshops? Why do local people agree to work there? How can the local government solve this problem?

9. Do you suppose that the brain drain exists in our country? What are the reasons why it happens?

10. Why are greenhouse gases harmful for the environment? What emits greenhouse gases? What modern devices can decrease them?

11. What is your attitude to English as a lingua franca? Does it have an impact on your mother tongue?

12. Do you think urban sprawl brings more benefits than damage to the environment? And to the society? Explain your point of view

13. What is a clash of cultures? Illustrate it with examples

14. Are there any processing facilities in the area where you live? What do they recycle?

15. Are you convinced that kids should go to a creche? What are advantages and disadvantages of staying in a creche for an infant?

16. What are the circumstances of some incidents where you can foresee some side effects? Have you ever experienced any of them?

17. If you draw up a contract buying some property, what should be included into it? Should you do it with a lawyer?

18. What do you think of the economy of mass-produce? Why is it always cheaper?

19. What drives prices sky-high for the property? Why is the situation with property different in other countries?

20. Does our government build any residential complexes on green-belt areas?

ex. 2. Wordsearch. Look through all the phrases of the unit. Find 16 vocabulary expressions and translate them. They go horizontally or vertically. Each word from a collocation goes separately.

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ex. 3. Look through all the phrases of the unit again. Match the definitions with the vocabulary expressions

1. a clash of cultures

a) to destroy something according to the scheme issued by the local authorities

2. a side effect

b) a factory or plant which recycles plastic, metal, glass and other unwanted or disposable materials

3. to exclude from the list

c) a territory which is avoided by the majority of people because it is considered dangerous for some reasons

4. to demolish something

d) dirty or unpleasant conditions, poverty

5. a processing facility

e) a vehicle that hangs from and pulled by a moving cable, and that carries passengers up and down a mountain

6. a residential area

f) to deliberately prevent smth from being enlisted or involved into smth

7. a no-go area

g) an additional result that you did not expect or want

8. squalor

h) an area where the majority of people live, not work

9. a cable car

i) a nursery school for very young children

10. a creche

j) the misunderstanding between the representatives of different nations living on the same territory

ex. 4. Make up 5 sentences in your own language using the expressions from your active vocabulary. Your partner will translate them into English

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Unit 2 Strong Emotion

Get to know new words and phrases. Put your notes into the spare boxes

1. devastated

Опустошенный

p 16

2. desparate

Отчаявшийся

3. be cross with smb

Сердиться на кого-то

4. apprehensive

Озабоченный, встревоженный

5. disgusted

Чувствующий отвращение

6. wound-up

Заведенный

7. overjoyed

Вне себя от радости

8. indifferent

Безразличный

9. disillusioned

Разочарованный

10. feel insecure

Нечувствующий себя в безопасности

11. envious

Завистливый

12. scared stiff

До смерти напуганный

13. relieved

Чувствующий облегчение

14. mortified

Огорченный

15. shattered

Разбитый

16. feel sorry for yourself

Чувствующий жалость к себе

17. ashamed

Испытывающий стыд

18. sweltering sun

Изнуряющее солнце

p18

19. whinge and whine

Ныть и стонать

20. a slanging match

Ожесточенный спор

21. to lose your cool

Потерять самообладание

22. to make up after a quarrel

Помириться после ссоры

23. to tone down your behaviour

Смягчить свое поведение

24. a volatile temper

Нестабильный, взрывной темперамент

25. to feel strained

Чувствовать себя напряженно

26. It is frowned on to do smth

Это не одобряется

27. to embrace the culture

Понять культуру

28. to bottle up your feelings

Сдерживать свои чувства

29. to show smth subtly

Показывать что-то искусно, тонко

30. It drives me nuts.

Это сводит меня с ума.

31. to sulk

Надуться, обидеться

LAUGH, CRY AND TEARS

32. to have aspirations

Иметь стремления, желания

p20

33. to pamper yourself

Побаловать себя

34. to backfire

Аукнуться, отозваться чем-то негативным

35. to be left out

Быть исключенным

36. a peer group

Группа сверстников

37. to set out to do smth

Намереваться сделать что-то

38. to turn smb off

Отвернуть кого-то от чего-то, вызвать негативную эмоцию по отношению к чему-то

39. to flatter smb

Льстить кому-то

40. It’s no laughing matter.

Это очень серьезное дело.

41. to be in floods of tears

Проливать море слез

42. to be bored to tears

Скучно до слез

43. to give smb a shoulder to cry on

Быть человеком, которому можно поплакаться

44. to have the last laugh

Смеяться последним (достигнув успеха вопреки неверию окружающих)

45. to cry your eyes out

Все глаза себе выплакать

46. burst into tears (burst-burst-burst)

Внезапно расплакаться

47. to be close to tears

Вот-вот расплакаться

48. to burst out laughing

Рассмеяться

49. to laugh your head off

Смеяться до упада

ex. 1. Look through phrases 1-17 and say how you would feel in the following situations. Several emotions may be suitable here. What would be your actions?

1. You have finally won a great sum in a lottery.

2. You have been fired because your colleague has stolen a sufficient sum of money but all the evidence shows that you are guilty of this crime.

3. You are a young mother and your husband has left you penniless with a three-month old baby and nobody is there to help you.

4. You are snowed under a lot of work which must be due in three days.

5. You are meeting your future mother-in-law (who is said to be really demanding and strict) tomorrow.

6. You are going on a week rowing trip on a mountain river with your friend but you have no relevant experience of such kind.

7. You are taking a stray dog home. The dog may be sick, aggressive or bad-tempered.

8. You have lost your four-year old kid in an unknown city.

9. You got behind a guided group and now you are lost in a tropical forest.

10. Your money ($ 5000) has been stolen from your credit card by a conman.

11. You are a teacher and in two weeks you are going as a volunteer to teach African children to Kenya.

12. You are returning home late at night in a lonely street and a huge man is following you.

ex. 2. Look through phrases 1-17 again and say if their spelling is correct or not. Correct the incorrect spelling

1. desparete -

2. disillutioned -

3. cross -

4. ovejoyed -

5. relived -

6. scarred stiff -

7. shettered -

8. wund-up -

9. disgusted -

10. aprehensive -

ex. 3. Recollect some situations in your life, whether happy or sad. Tell your group mates about them. How did you feel back then?

ex. 4. Look through phrases 18-31 and choose the vocabulary words that match each gap in the sentences below

feel strained sulk embrace (It) drives me nuts make up bottle up subtly lose your cool It is frowned on volatile

1. ___________________________________ to kiss in public while you are in Japan. It is considered to be bad manners.

2. Jane, please, don’t _______. It was just a harmless joke. Nobody meant to insult you.

3. While you are on a business meeting negotiating a contract, you should never _________ your __________ and show your real emotions. Be serious and polite!

4. Kate and Peter have recently had a scandal but then they ________ _____ back again and now they are dating happily.

5. If you want to _________ the culture, you will have to experience it for at least 3 or 4 years.

6. If you need to say something unpleasant to your in-laws, think twice! You must do it _____________, never be rude to them.

7. I am going to ask my boss for a pay rise, that’s why I _____ _______. I am looking for appropriate words.

8. Hariette has spoken her mind, hasn’t she? Don’t pay attention to it. Deep in her soul she is good-tempered but from time to time her behaviour may be _________________.

9. Psychologists say you should never _______________ your emotions. Or it may result in a nervous breakdown.

10. Steven is constantly listening to very loud music. I can’t fall asleep. It __________ ________ ____________.

ex. 5. Look through phrases 18-31. Translate the sentences from Russian into English. Use your active vocabulary

1. Он постоянно разбрасывает одежду по квартире. Это просто сводит меня с ума. 2. Мое поведение очень нестабильно. Надо научиться контролировать свои эмоции и не терять самообладание. 3. Если вы будете держать все чувства внутри, будут страдать ваши родные. Это никуда не годится. 4. Лиза весьма чувствительная. Любая шутка может заставить ее обижаться. 5. Поэтому думай, что ты собираешься говорить ей. С ней не так-то просто потом помириться. 6. Ношение короткой одежды и платьев без рукавов не одобряется в мусульманских странах. 7. Иногда это поражает европейцев. Но чтобы понять их культуру, надо прожить в этой стране несколько лет. 8. По большей части ношение закрытой одежды объясняется палящим солнцем и изнуряющей жарой. 9. В США считается дурным тоном ныть и стонать о своих проблемах друзьям. Для этого есть психологи. 10. Моя мама всегда очень тактично и тонко указывала мне на мои ошибки, что делало наши с ней отношения нежными и любящими.

ex. 6. Look through phrases 32-49. They all are given in wrong places. Return them into a correct sentence.

1. She looked so sad as if she was going to laugh her head off.

2. The stand-up show was so hilarious that the audience gave a shoulder to cry on.

3. When Monica heard tragic news about her family, she was bored to tears.

4. Nobody believed that he would ever become a millionaire but he did it. He cried his eyes out and proved that he was a self-made man.

5. The film was monotonous, the plot was predictable, besides there was no action at all. So the viewers were in floods of tears.

6. How lucky that you have such a devoted friend as Laura. If something sad happens to you, you can always meet her and she will have the last laugh.

7. Wrong advertisement may easily pamper people off buying a particular product.

8. While you are with the people who are the same age as you, you are among your aspirations.

9. Some parents love their kids so much, that they turn them off with sweets and toys awfully.

10. But if they bring them up in a wrong way, it may set out them in the future.

11. The comments of the book were left out the young author so much that he was glowing with pride.

12. James has some great peer group to become a minister by the age he turns 30.

ex. 7. Look through phrases 32-49 again and make up 4 sentences in Russian for your group mates. Then they translate them into English

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Unit 3 In the Money

Get to know new words and phrases. Put your notes into the spare boxes

1. penny-pinching

Скупой до мелочи

p 26

2. flashy (with money)

Бросающийся деньгами

3. an advance

Аванс

4. to bribe, a bribe

Давать взятку, взятка

5. a fee

Вступительный взнос, гонорар

6. skint

Скудный

7. I am hard up, I am broke

У меня финансовые затруднения, я без денег, на мели

8. to be in the black/ to be in the red

Иметь прибыль / быть в убытке

9. to break even

Идти без прибыли и без убытка

10. to go bankrupt, to go bust

Разориться

11. a ransom

Выкуп (при похищении)

12. alimony/ maintenance

Алименты, содержание

13. government spending cuts

Сокращение государственных расходов

14. He is loaded, wealthy

Он богат

15. He is stingy

Он жадный

WORTH

16. It’s worth a fortune

Это стоит целое состояние

17. It is worth seeing (+Gerund)

Это стоит того, чтобы посмотреть

18. This job is worthwhile.

Эта работа стоящая.

19. It is well worth the effort.

Это стоит усилий.

20. It is worthy / worthless.

Это стоящее \ нестоящее.

21. to prove your worth

Показать, чего ты стоишь

22. It is worth a quick look

На это стоит взглянуть.

23. We only have two days’ worth of food left. \ Ten-pounds’ worth change

У нас еды осталось только на два дня. \

Сдача в размере 10 фунтов

24. I’ll give my opinion, for what it’s worth.

Я выскажу свое мнение, чего бы оно ни стоило.

25. collaborative

Сотрудничающий

p154

26. entrepreneurial

Предпринимательский

27. quirky

Странный, причудливый

28. to get off to a flying start

Иметь существенные преимущества в начале

29. to pledge money

Взять на себя обязательство выплатить деньги

30. innovative

Инновационный

31. favourable publicity

Благоприятная, полезная реклама

32. non-profit-making organization

Некоммерческая организация

33. self-funded

Самофинансируемый

ex. 1. Wordsearch. Look through phrases 1-15 and find 15 separate words. They may go horizontally and vertically

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ex. 2. Look through phrases 1-15 and answer the following questions

1. Have you ever been broke? How long? What did you do in this situation? Who did you address to? Why does this situation become constant for some people?

2. Why do business men go bust? Give at least five reasons.

3. Why does the government have to cut the government spendings?

4. Why do people sometimes bribe officials?

5. What are the circumstances when people receive an advance?

6. How much is the alimony for one child in our country? For two and more children? Do you think it should be increased?

7. Can you say that you are flashy with money? Why are some people flashy with it?

8. Where and whom to do people pay fees?

9. Do you agree with the statement that all wealthy people are stingy? What are the psychological explanations why people become tight-fisted?

10. What should a company do if it is in the red?

ex. 3. Look through phrases 16-33 and complete the gaps with the words from the box

non-profit-making get off to a flying start quirky is well worth the effort self-funded entrepreneurial worthless worthy prove your worth worth a quick look

1. This charity won’t pay you any money. I it a ____________-__________-__________ organization.

2. If you are going to set up a business, you need to have an ________________ flair.

3. This job is dirty, not prestigious, and doesn’t bring any money. It is ____________.

4. I’ve created a new software. It is _____ a ________ _________. I hope, that company will buy it.

5. Carl’s parents gave him a large sum of money to start a business, so that he could ________ ______ _____ a _________ __________.

6. What’s his mother tongue? His accent is rather __________. I can hardly understand him.

7. If you are applying for a job of an accountant here, you will have to ______ your ________.

8. Kate, you should tidy up the flat. You will find all the lost things. It is _____ _____ the _____________.

9. If you intend to open a private zoo, remember ,the government won’t help you, it will be a purely ______-_______ business.

10. Higher education takes a lot of time and effort, but it is _______, you will be respected and earn a fortune.

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