Английские слова, которые мы путаем
Объяснения на русском, примеры, истории и практические задания
Джуди Грэммер

© Джуди Грэммер, 2026

ISBN 978-5-0069-3644-7

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Предисловие

Дорогой читатель,

Эта книга создана для всех, кто хочет свободно ориентироваться в английской лексике и избегать распространённых ошибок. Часто одни и те же слова вызывают путаницу, хотя их значения и употребление могут быть разными.

Каждая глава посвящена паре или группе слов, которые легко спутать. В книге есть подробное объяснение значений и правил употребления, примеры предложений с переводом, истории для закрепления материала и упражнения для практики. Всё это помогает понять, как правильно использовать слова в разных ситуациях.

Цель книги – помочь уверенно выбирать слова, понимать их тонкости и применять естественно в речи и письме. Материал подходит для продолжающих (B1—B2) и полезен как для подготовки к экзаменам, так и для повседневного общения.

Пусть изучение английского станет увлекательным и эффективным!

Say or Tell?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы say и tell оба переводятся как «говорить», однако употребляются по-разному.

1. Основное различие

Say – делает акцент на содержании высказывания (что сказано).

Tell – делает акцент на получателе информации (кому сказано).

2. Грамматические конструкции

SAY

say + something

say + (that) + clause

say to somebody

После say прямое дополнение без предлога обычно не используется.

Examples:

She said she was tired.

– Она сказала, что устала.

He said that he didn’t understand the task.

– Он сказал, что не понял задание.

She said something interesting.

– Она сказала что-то интересное.

He said to me that he would call later.

– Он сказал мне, что позвонит позже.

TELL

tell somebody something

tell somebody (that) + clause

tell a story / the truth / a lie

tell somebody to do something

После tell обязательно указывается получатель информации.

Examples:

She told me the answer.

– Она сказала мне ответ.

He told us that the exam was difficult.

– Он сказал нам, что экзамен был сложным.

My teacher told a funny story.

– Мой учитель рассказал смешную историю.

Please tell me the truth.

– Пожалуйста, скажи мне правду.

She told us to open our books.

– Она сказала нам открыть учебники.

3. Полезные советы

Если в предложении есть ответ на вопрос «кому?», чаще используется tell.

Если важен сам текст сообщения, чаще используется say.

Конструкцию tell somebody to do something следует запоминать как устойчивую модель.

Выражения tell the truth, tell a lie, say hello, say goodbye лучше учить целиком.

Story

Last week our English teacher said that we would have a surprise speaking task. She did not say what the topic would be, so everyone felt nervous. Some students said it would be about school life, while others said it might be about future plans.

Before the lesson, my best friend told me that he had prepared a short story about his dream job. He told me his main ideas and asked for advice. I said that his idea was interesting and told him to speak more confidently.

When the lesson began, the teacher told us to choose a random card. My card said «An Important Decision». At first, I did not know what to say. Then I remembered a real situation from my life and decided to tell the class about it. I told them how I had to choose between sports and music school.

After my speech, the teacher said I had made good points. She told me to work on my pronunciation. Her feedback gave me confidence. Later, my friend said he felt proud of himself. He told me that regular practice helps to speak more clearly.

That day I understood that it is important not only to say something, but also to tell people your ideas clearly.

Useful Words and Expressions

surprise speaking task – неожиданное устное задание

topic – тема

feel nervous – чувствовать волнение

future plans – планы на будущее

dream job – работа мечты

main ideas – основные идеи

ask for advice – просить совета

speak confidently – говорить уверенно

random card – случайная карточка

at first – сначала

real situation – реальная ситуация

choose between – выбирать между

make good points – приводить веские аргументы

pronunciation – произношение

feedback – обратная связь

give confidence – придавать уверенность

regular practice – регулярная практика

clearly – ясно, чётко

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (say or tell)

She ______ me the truth yesterday.

He ______ that he was tired.

Please ______ us what happened.

She ______ hello to everyone.

He ______ me to wait outside.

They ______ that the exam was easy.

My parents ______ me a story.

What did she ______ to you?

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

She (said / told) that she was busy.

He (said / told) me the news.

They (said / told) hello to the teacher.

She (said / told) us to open our books.

He (said / told) a lie.

I (said / told) that I agreed.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

Have you ever told someone an important secret? How did you feel?

What do teachers usually tell students before an exam?

When was the last time you said something you later regretted?

Who do you usually tell about your problems?

Why is it important to say your opinion clearly?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

told

said

tell

said

told

said

told

say

Exercise 2

said

told

said

told

told

said

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

Yes, I once told my friend an important secret. I felt nervous at first, but later I felt relieved because I trusted that person.

Teachers usually tell students to stay calm and read the tasks carefully. They often tell them to manage their time wisely.

The last time I said something I regretted was during an argument. I spoke too quickly without thinking. Later I apologized.

I usually tell my close friend about my problems. I trust this person and value their advice.

It is important to say your opinion clearly because people cannot understand you otherwise. Clear communication helps to avoid misunderstandings.

Mini Memory Tips

Tell + someone + something

Say + something

Tell someone to do something – устойчивая модель

Запоминайте устойчивые выражения целиком.

Speak or Talk?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы speak и talk переводятся как «говорить», однако употребляются в разных ситуациях.

1. Основное различие

Speak – более формальное слово. Часто используется в официальных ситуациях, при упоминании языков или публичных выступлений.

Talk – менее формальное. Используется в повседневном общении и обозначает разговор как процесс.

2. Грамматические конструкции

SPEAK

speak + language

speak to/with somebody

speak about something

speak at a conference / meeting

Examples:

She speaks English and Spanish.

– Она говорит на английском и испанском.

I need to speak to the teacher.

– Мне нужно поговорить с учителем.

He spoke about his future plans.

– Он говорил о своих планах на будущее.

The student spoke at the school event.

– Ученик выступил на школьном мероприятии.

TALK

talk to/with somebody

talk about something

talk on the phone

talk for hours

Examples:

I talked to my friend after school.

– Я поговорил с другом после школы.

They talked about the exam.

– Они говорили об экзамене.

She was talking on the phone.

– Она разговаривала по телефону.

We talked for two hours.

– Мы разговаривали два часа.

3. Полезные советы

Для языков используется только speak.

В официальных ситуациях чаще употребляется speak.

В неформальной беседе чаще используется talk.

В большинстве случаев talk to и talk with взаимозаменяемы.

Story

Last month our school organized an international week. Several guests came to speak about their countries and cultures. One of them spoke English very clearly, even though it was not his first language. He also spoke about the importance of learning foreign languages in modern society.

Before the event, our teacher told us to prepare questions. She said we should not be afraid to speak in public. I was nervous because I do not usually speak in front of a large audience.

After the presentation, students started to talk to the guests in small groups. I talked with a student from another country about school life. We talked about exams, hobbies and future plans. At first, I was shy, but soon I felt more confident.

Later, I had a chance to speak to one of the speakers personally. We spoke about education and career opportunities. That conversation helped me understand how important it is not only to study a language, but also to speak it regularly.

By the end of the week, I realized that the more you talk to different people, the easier it becomes to speak confidently.

Useful Words and Expressions

international week – международная неделя

guest – гость

culture – культура

clearly – ясно

foreign language – иностранный язык

modern society – современное общество

prepare questions – подготовить вопросы

be afraid – бояться

in public – публично

audience – аудитория

small groups – небольшие группы

school life – школьная жизнь

future plans – планы на будущее

shy – застенчивый

confident – уверенный

career opportunities – карьерные возможности

regularly – регулярно

realize – осознавать

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (speak or talk)

She can ______ three languages.

I need to ______ to you after class.

They were ______ about the test results.

He will ______ at the conference tomorrow.

We ______ for hours last night.

Please ______ more slowly.

She was ______ on the phone when I called.

I would like to ______ with the manager.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

He can (speak / talk) French fluently.

They (spoke / talked) about their plans.

She will (speak / talk) at the meeting.

I need to (speak / talk) to the doctor.

We (spoke / talked) for a long time.

He was (speaking / talking) on the phone.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

Do you prefer to speak in front of a class or talk in small groups? Why?

How often do you speak English outside the classroom?

Who do you usually talk to about your problems?

Have you ever spoken at a school event? Describe your experience.

Why is it important to talk to people from different cultures?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

speak

speak

talking

speak

talked

speak

talking

speak

Exercise 2

speak

talked

speak

speak

talked

talking

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I prefer to talk in small groups because I feel more relaxed. It is easier for me to express my ideas in a smaller audience.

I speak English mostly during lessons. Sometimes I practice by watching videos and speaking aloud at home.

I usually talk to my close friends about my problems. I trust them and appreciate their support.

Yes, I once spoke at a school event. I felt nervous at first, but later I became more confident and proud of myself.

It is important to talk to people from different cultures because it broadens our horizons. Communication helps us understand different perspectives.

Mini Memory Tips

Speak a language.

Speak in formal situations.

Talk about everyday topics.

Talk emphasizes conversation as a process.

Make or Do?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы make и do часто переводятся как «делать», однако используются в разных ситуациях.

1. Основное различие

Make – используется, когда мы создаём, производим или получаем результат.

Do – используется, когда речь идёт о процессе, деятельности или выполнении задачи.

2. Грамматические конструкции

MAKE

make + object

make a decision / mistake / choice

make a plan

make progress

make somebody + adjective

make somebody do something

Examples:

She made a cake for her family.

– Она приготовила торт для семьи.

I made a decision to study harder.

– Я принял решение учиться усерднее.

He made a mistake in the test.

– Он сделал ошибку в тесте.

This music makes me happy.

– Эта музыка делает меня счастливым.

The teacher made us repeat the rule.

– Учитель заставил нас повторить правило.

DO

do homework

do housework

do a task

do exercises

do your best

do well / badly

Examples:

I did my homework in the evening.

– Я сделал домашнее задание вечером.

She does the housework every weekend.

– Она делает работу по дому каждые выходные.

He did his best at the competition.

– Он сделал всё возможное на соревновании.

We are doing an exercise now.

– Мы сейчас выполняем упражнение.

3. Полезные советы

Если есть конкретный результат или созданный объект – чаще используется make.

Если речь идёт о процессе или обязанности – чаще используется do.

Некоторые выражения нужно запоминать как устойчивые: make a mistake, make a decision, do homework, do your best.

Story

Last Saturday I had many things to do. First, I needed to do my homework because I had several important tasks for Monday. I tried to do everything carefully and not make any mistakes. After finishing my homework, I decided to make a plan for the next week.

My parents asked me to do some housework. I had to do the washing up and do the cleaning in my room. It was not very exciting, but I understood that it was my responsibility. When I finished, I felt proud because I had done my best.

In the afternoon, I wanted to make something creative. I decided to make a short video for a school project. It took me two hours to make it, but I was satisfied with the result. The project made me more confident because I learned how to organize my time better.

By the end of the day, I realized that it is important not only to do daily tasks, but also to make plans and set goals. When you do your duties and make good decisions, you feel more organized and successful.

Useful Words and Expressions

have many things to do – иметь много дел

important task – важное задание

make a mistake – сделать ошибку

make a plan – составить план

do housework – делать работу по дому

do the washing up – мыть посуду

do the cleaning – убираться

responsibility – ответственность

do your best – сделать всё возможное

feel proud – чувствовать гордость

creative – творческий

school project – школьный проект

be satisfied with – быть довольным

result – результат

organize time – организовывать время

set goals – ставить цели

daily tasks – повседневные дела

successful – успешный

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (make or do)

She ______ a mistake in her essay.

I need to ______ my homework tonight.

They ______ a decision together.

He always ______ his best in class.

We are going to ______ a cake.

She ______ the cleaning every Saturday.

I want to ______ progress in English.

Please ______ this exercise carefully.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

He (made / did) a mistake.

She (made / did) her homework.

They (made / did) a plan.

I (made / did) my best.

We (made / did) the washing up.

She (made / did) great progress.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

What household tasks do you usually do at home?

Have you ever made an important decision recently? What was it?

How do you make plans for your school week?

What helps you do your homework effectively?

Why is it important to make goals for the future?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

made

do

made

does

make

does

make

do

Exercise 2

made

did

made

did

did

made

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I usually do the cleaning and do the washing up at home. These tasks help me develop responsibility and independence.

Yes, I recently made a decision to focus more on my studies. I understood that it was necessary for my future goals.

I usually make a weekly plan in my notebook. It helps me organize my time and avoid stress.

A quiet place and a clear plan help me do my homework effectively. I also try to avoid distractions.

It is important to make goals because they give direction to our actions. Clear goals help us stay motivated and organized.

Mini Memory Tips

Make = создать результат.

Do = выполнить действие.

Запоминайте устойчивые выражения как готовые блоки.

Проверяйте: есть ли конкретный результат?

Take or Bring? Understanding the Difference

Grammar Focus

Глаголы take и bring оба связаны с перемещением предметов или людей, но отличаются направлением движения.

1. Основное различие

Take – движение от говорящего или из одного места в другое.

Bring – движение к говорящему или к месту, где находится собеседник.

Проще запомнить так:

take – «унести, отвезти»

bring – «принести, привезти»

2. Грамматические конструкции

TAKE

take something somewhere

take somebody somewhere

take to school / work / home

take part in

take photos

Examples:

I will take my book to school tomorrow.

– Я возьму (отнесу) книгу в школу завтра.

She took her little brother to the park.

– Она отвела младшего брата в парк.

Please take this letter to the office.

– Пожалуйста, отнеси это письмо в офис.

He takes part in many competitions.

– Он принимает участие во многих соревнованиях.

BRING

bring something (to somebody)

bring somebody something

bring to school / home

bring back

Examples:

Can you bring me my notebook?

– Можешь принести мне мою тетрадь?

She brought some snacks to the party.

– Она принесла закуски на вечеринку.

Please bring your homework tomorrow.

– Пожалуйста, принесите домашнее задание завтра.

He brought back souvenirs from his trip.

– Он привёз сувениры из поездки.

3. Полезные советы

Спросите себя: движение к говорящему или от него?

Если предмет движется к месту, где вы находитесь, чаще используется bring.

Если предмет уносится в другое место – чаще используется take.

Устойчивые выражения (take part in, bring back) нужно запоминать целиком.

Story

Last Friday our class decided to organize a small school fair. The teacher told us to bring different things from home. Some students brought handmade decorations, while others brought homemade cakes and drinks.

I decided to take part in the organization of the event. My task was to take the tables from the classroom to the school hall. It was hard work, but my friends helped me. Later, my mother asked me to bring some paper plates from home. I promised to bring them early in the morning.

On the day of the fair, many students took photos and brought their friends to see the event. One of my classmates forgot to bring his project, so his parents had to bring it later.

After the fair, we had to take everything back to the classrooms. We took the decorations down and brought the remaining food to the teachers’ room. The event brought us closer as a class because we worked together.

That day I understood that when everyone brings something useful and takes responsibility, any project can become successful.

Useful Words and Expressions

organize a fair – организовать ярмарку

school hall – актовый зал

handmade decorations – украшения ручной работы

homemade cakes – домашние торты

take part in – принимать участие в

organization – организация

task – задание

hard work – тяжёлая работа

promise – обещать

early in the morning – рано утром

forget – забывать

project – проект

take back – унести обратно

bring back – принести/привезти обратно

work together – работать вместе

take responsibility – брать ответственность

successful – успешный

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (take or bring)

Please ______ your notebook tomorrow.

I will ______ this book to the library.

Can you ______ me some water?

She ______ her sister to school every day.

He forgot to ______ his project.

We need to ______ these boxes back.

I want to ______ part in the competition.

They ______ souvenirs from their trip.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

Please (take / bring) me your homework.

I will (take / bring) this letter to the office.

She (took / brought) her friend to the party.

Can you (take / bring) some snacks?

He (took / brought) part in the олимпиаде.

They (took / brought) the chairs to the hall.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

What do you usually bring to school every day?

Have you ever taken part in a school event? Describe it.

Who usually takes you to school?

Have you ever forgotten to bring something important? What happened?

Why is it important to take responsibility in group projects?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

bring

take

bring

takes

bring

take

take

brought

Exercise 2

bring

take

brought

bring

took

took

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I usually bring my textbooks, notebooks and a water bottle to school. These items help me stay organized during the day.

Yes, I once took part in a school concert. I helped with the organization and felt proud of the final result.

My parents usually take me to school by car. Sometimes I go on foot with my friends.

Yes, I once forgot to bring my homework. I had to explain the situation to the teacher and felt embarrassed.

It is important to take responsibility in group projects because every member plays a role. Responsible behavior leads to better results.

Mini Memory Tips

Bring = к говорящему.

Take = от говорящего.

Think about direction before choosing the verb.

Запоминайте устойчивые выражения отдельно.

Come or Go?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы come и go обозначают движение, но различаются направлением относительно говорящего.

1. Основное различие

Come – движение к месту, где находится говорящий или к месту, которое рассматривается как «центр ситуации».

Go – движение от говорящего в другое место.

Проще запомнить:

come – «приходить, приезжать сюда»

go – «уходить, уезжать туда»

2. Грамматические конструкции

COME

come home / here / back

come to school / to a party

come with somebody

come from

Examples:

Please come to my birthday party.

– Пожалуйста, приходи на мой день рождения.

She came home late yesterday.

– Она пришла домой поздно вчера.

He comes from a small town.

– Он родом из маленького города.

Can you come with us?

– Ты можешь пойти с нами?

GO

go to school / work / the cinema

go home

go out

go abroad

go for a walk

Examples:

I go to school every day.

– Я хожу в школу каждый день.

They went to the cinema last night.

– Они ходили в кино вчера вечером.

She wants to go abroad next year.

– Она хочет поехать за границу в следующем году.

We are going for a walk.

– Мы идём гулять.

3. Полезные советы

Если движение направлено к вам или к месту разговора – используйте come.

Если движение направлено в другое место – используйте go.

В приглашениях чаще используется come.

После home предлог to не используется: go home, come home.

Story

Last weekend my friend invited me to come to his country house. He said that several classmates would come as well. I was happy because I did not want to stay at home all weekend.

On Saturday morning, I went to the train station with my parents. My friend told me to call him when I came to the village. When I arrived, he came to meet me near the station. Soon the other guests came, and we all went to the house together.

During the day, we went for a walk in the forest and went to a small lake nearby. In the evening, more friends came to join us. Some of them came from another town. We played games and talked for hours.

On Sunday afternoon, it was time to go home. My friend asked me to come again next month. I agreed because I really enjoyed the trip. When I came back home, I realized how important it is to go out and spend time with friends.

Useful Words and Expressions

invite – приглашать

country house – загородный дом

classmate – одноклассник

train station – железнодорожная станция

village – деревня

arrive – прибывать

meet – встречать

guest – гость

go for a walk – идти гулять

nearby – поблизости

join – присоединяться

play games – играть в игры

for hours – часами

enjoy – наслаждаться

spend time – проводить время

go out – выходить куда-либо

agree – соглашаться

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (come or go)

Please ______ to my party on Saturday.

I usually ______ to school by bus.

When will you ______ back home?

They ______ to the park yesterday.

Can you ______ with us?

She asked me to ______ early.

We are going to ______ abroad next year.

He ______ from a small town.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

I will (come / go) to your house tonight.

She (came / went) to see me yesterday.

We usually (come / go) shopping on weekends.

Please (come / go) here.

They (came / went) home late.

He wants to (come / go) with us.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

Do you prefer to stay at home or go out on weekends? Why?

Who usually comes to visit your family?

How do you usually go to school?

Have you ever gone abroad? Describe your experience.

Why is it important to come on time to meetings or lessons?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

come

go

come

went

come

come

go

comes

Exercise 2

come

came

go

come

came

go

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I prefer to go out on weekends because it helps me relax and spend time with friends. Staying active improves my mood.

My relatives usually come to visit us during holidays. We spend time together and share family news.

I usually go to school by bus. Sometimes I walk if the weather is good.

Yes, I once went abroad with my family. It was an interesting experience that helped me learn more about another culture.

It is important to come on time because it shows respect for others. Being punctual also helps maintain discipline.

Mini Memory Tips

Come = движение к говорящему.

Go = движение от говорящего.

В приглашениях чаще используется come.

Go home / Come home – без предлога to.

Give or Offer?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы give и offer связаны с передачей чего-либо другому человеку, но используются в разных ситуациях.

1. Основное различие

Give – передать что-то фактически, в результате чего другой человек это получает.

Offer – предложить что-то, предоставить возможность принять или отказаться.

Проще запомнить:

give – действие уже происходит.

offer – это предложение, выбор остаётся за другим человеком.

2. Грамматические конструкции

GIVE

give somebody something

give something to somebody

give advice / a gift / help

give a chance

Examples:

She gave me a useful book.

– Она дала мне полезную книгу.

He gave his friend some advice.

– Он дал своему другу совет.

The teacher gave us extra homework.

– Учитель дал нам дополнительное задание.

My parents gave me a chance to study abroad.

– Родители дали мне возможность учиться за границей.

OFFER

offer somebody something

offer something to somebody

offer help / support / assistance

offer to do something

Examples:

She offered me some help.

– Она предложила мне помощь.

He offered to carry my bag.

– Он предложил понести мою сумку.

The company offered a new opportunity to students.

– Компания предложила новую возможность студентам.

I offered my seat to an elderly woman.

– Я предложил своё место пожилой женщине.

3. Полезные советы

Если действие уже совершено и предмет передан – чаще используется give.

Если человек только выражает готовность помочь или что-то предоставить – используется offer.

Конструкцию offer to do something следует запоминать как устойчивую модель.

Слова advice, help, support могут употребляться с обоими глаголами, но значение будет немного отличаться.

Story

Last month our school organized a charity event. Students wanted to help a local community center. First, the teachers gave us information about the project and gave clear instructions. They gave each class a specific task.

Many students offered their help immediately. Some offered to organize a small concert, while others offered to collect books and clothes. I decided to offer my time after school to help with preparation.

During the event, visitors gave money and useful items. One family gave several boxes of books. Volunteers offered support to elderly visitors and offered to carry heavy bags.

At the end of the day, the principal gave a short speech. She gave thanks to everyone who participated. She also offered students a certificate for their active involvement.

This experience taught me that when people offer help and give their time and energy, they can achieve important goals together. It is not enough to wait for others to act. Sometimes you should offer your support first, and then give your best effort to complete the task successfully.

Useful Words and Expressions

charity event – благотворительное мероприятие

community center – общественный центр

give instructions – давать инструкции

specific task – конкретное задание

offer help – предлагать помощь

collect books – собирать книги

preparation – подготовка

visitor – посетитель

useful items – полезные вещи

volunteer – волонтёр

carry heavy bags – нести тяжёлые сумки

give thanks – выражать благодарность

certificate – сертификат

involvement – участие

achieve goals – достигать целей

energy – энергия

complete the task – завершить задание

support – поддержка

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (give or offer)

She ______ me some useful advice.

He ______ to help with the project.

The teacher ______ us clear instructions.

I would like to ______ you my support.

They ______ their friend a gift.

She ______ to carry my bag.

The school ______ students a new opportunity.

My parents ______ me a chance to improve.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

He (gave / offered) me a present.

She (gave / offered) to help with homework.

They (gave / offered) us useful information.

I (gave / offered) my seat to an elderly person.

The teacher (gave / offered) us extra practice.

She (gave / offered) her support during the project.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

Have you ever offered to help someone? What happened?

What useful advice have your parents given you?

Would you offer your time for a charity event? Why?

When was the last time someone gave you support?

Why is it important not only to give, but also to offer help?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

gave

offered

gave

offer

gave

offered

offered

gave

Exercise 2

gave

offered

gave

offered

gave

offered

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

Yes, I once offered to help my classmate with homework. We worked together, and it improved both our understanding and cooperation.

My parents have given me advice about time management and responsibility. Their guidance has helped me make better decisions.

Yes, I would offer my time for a charity event. Participating in such activities helps develop empathy and social responsibility.

The last time someone gave me support was before an important exam. My family encouraged me and helped me feel more confident.

It is important not only to give, but also to offer help because initiative shows responsibility. Offering help creates opportunities for cooperation.

Mini Memory Tips

Give = передача уже произошла.

Offer = предложение, выбор остаётся за другим человеком.

Offer to do something – устойчивая модель.

Проверяйте: действие уже выполнено или это только предложение?

Watch or Look or See?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы watch, look и see связаны со зрением, однако имеют разное значение и употребление.

1. Основное различие

See – видеть (процесс восприятия происходит естественно, без усилия).

Look – смотреть (направлять взгляд сознательно).

Watch – наблюдать (смотреть внимательно, обычно за действием или процессом).

Проще запомнить:

see – результат восприятия.

look – направить взгляд.

watch – наблюдать за процессом.

2. Грамматические конструкции

SEE

see something / somebody

see a film / a doctor

see that + clause

Examples:

I saw my teacher in the street.

– Я увидел своего учителя на улице.

We saw an interesting film yesterday.

– Мы посмотрели интересный фильм вчера.

She can see the mountains from her window.

– Она видит горы из своего окна.

LOOK

look at something / somebody

look for

look after

look like

Examples:

Look at the board, please.

– Посмотрите на доску, пожалуйста.

She is looking for her keys.

– Она ищет свои ключи.

He looks tired today.

– Он выглядит уставшим сегодня.

WATCH

watch TV

watch a film / a match

watch somebody do something

Examples:

They watched a football match last night.

– Они смотрели футбольный матч вчера вечером.

I like to watch TV in the evening.

– Я люблю смотреть телевизор вечером.

She watched her brother play the piano.

– Она наблюдала, как её брат играет на пианино.

3. Полезные советы

После look всегда нужен предлог at, если указывается объект.

Watch используется для фильмов, матчей, шоу и других процессов.

See часто используется, когда действие не требует усилий.

Выражения look for, look after, look like имеют устойчивое значение и запоминаются целиком.

Story

Last weekend I decided to spend a quiet evening at home. At first, I looked at my phone to see if there were any new messages. Then I looked for an interesting film to watch. After a few minutes, I found one that my friend had recommended.

I watched the film carefully because the story was unusual. While I was watching it, I noticed many small details that I did not see at first. The main character looked confident, but I could see that he was worried inside.

After the film, I went to the balcony and looked at the city lights. From there, I could see the park and the main street. Later, I watched a short video online and saw a trailer for another film.

That evening made me realize how often we look at things without really seeing them. When we watch something attentively, we begin to notice more details. It is important not only to look at the world around us, but also to see it clearly.

Useful Words and Expressions

quiet evening – спокойный вечер

message – сообщение

look for – искать

recommend – рекомендовать

carefully – внимательно

unusual – необычный

notice – замечать

at first – сначала

main character – главный герой

confident – уверенный

inside – внутри

balcony – балкон

city lights – огни города

trailer – трейлер

attentively – внимательно

detail – деталь

realize – осознавать

clearly – ясно

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (watch, look or see)

I can ______ the mountains from here.

Please ______ at the board.

We ______ a film yesterday evening.

She is ______ for her glasses.

Did you ______ that new student?

They ______ a football match last night.

______ at this photo.

I did not ______ him at school today.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

I like to (watch / look / see) TV after dinner.

She (watched / looked / saw) an interesting programme.

Please (watch / look / see) at me.

I (watched / looked / saw) my friend in the library.

He is (watching / looking / seeing) for his bag.

We (watched / looked / saw) the stars at night.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

What do you usually watch in your free time?

Have you ever seen a film that impressed you? Why?

What do you see from your window?

How often do you look for information online?

Why is it important to watch carefully during lessons?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

see

look

watched

looking

see

watched

Look

see

Exercise 2

watch

watched

look

saw

looking

saw

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I usually watch educational videos and films in my free time. They help me relax and learn something new.

Yes, I have seen a film that impressed me deeply. It had a strong message and memorable characters.

From my window, I can see a park and several buildings. Sometimes I also see children playing outside.

I look for information online almost every day. It helps me complete school tasks and expand my knowledge.

It is important to watch carefully during lessons because attention improves understanding. Careful observation helps avoid mistakes.

Mini Memory Tips

See = видеть естественно.

Look at = направить взгляд.

Watch = наблюдать процесс.

После look нужен предлог at.

Hear or Listen?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы hear и listen оба связаны со слухом, но используются по-разному.

1. Основное различие

Hear – слышать, восприятие происходит автоматически, без усилий.

Listen – слушать, сознательно обращать внимание на звук или речь.

Проще запомнить:

hear – воспринимать звук.

listen – активно сосредоточиться на звуке или речи.

2. Грамматические конструкции

HEAR

hear something / somebody

hear about / from somebody

hear that + clause

Examples:

I heard a strange noise last night.

– Я услышал странный шум прошлой ночью.

Did you hear the news about the exam?

– Ты слышал новости об экзамене?

I heard that she passed the test.

– Я слышал, что она сдала тест.

LISTEN

listen to something / somebody

listen carefully / closely

listen for something

Examples:

Please listen to the teacher.

– Пожалуйста, слушайте учителя.

I like to listen to music in the evening.

– Мне нравится слушать музыку вечером.

She listened carefully to the instructions.

– Она внимательно слушала инструкции.

I was listening for the sound of the doorbell.

– Я прислушивался к звонку в дверь.

3. Полезные советы

hear описывает пассивное восприятие звуков.

listen требует сознательного внимания.

После listen всегда используется предлог to, если указывается объект.

Слова carefully, closely, for something помогают уточнить действие.

Story

Yesterday I had an interesting day at school. In the morning, I heard a strange sound outside the classroom. I did not pay much attention, but later I heard that it was a small parade near the school.

During the English lesson, our teacher asked us to listen carefully to a recording. I listened to the dialogue and tried to understand every word. My friend was listening closely as well. After that, we answered some questions about what we had heard.

At break, I heard my classmates talking about the upcoming sports event. They said it would be exciting. I listened to their ideas because I wanted to participate too.

In the afternoon, I listened to a music lesson. The teacher asked us to listen for different instruments in a short piece. I realized that listening carefully helped me notice details that I would not hear otherwise.

By the end of the day, I understood the difference between hearing and listening. Hearing happens naturally, but listening requires focus and attention.

Useful Words and Expressions

strange sound – странный звук

pay attention – обращать внимание

recording – запись

dialogue – диалог

answer questions – отвечать на вопросы

break – перемена

upcoming – предстоящий

exciting – захватывающий

ideas – идеи

music lesson – урок музыки

instrument – инструмент

notice details – замечать детали

naturally – естественно

focus – сосредоточенность

attention – внимание

hear about – слышать о

listen to – слушать что-либо

listen carefully – слушать внимательно

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (hear or listen)

Did you ______ the news about the school trip?

Please ______ to the instructions.

I can ______ birds singing outside my window.

She was ______ carefully to the teacher.

We didn’t ______ the doorbell.

I like to ______ to music in the evening.

He ______ a strange noise in the kitchen.

Listen! Can you ______ that sound?

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

I (hear / listen) a loud bang last night.

She (heard / listened) to the teacher carefully.

Did you (hear / listen) what he said?

We (heard / listened) to a story in class.

He (heard / listened) someone knocking at the door.

I like to (hear / listen) to podcasts on my phone.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

When was the last time you heard something surprising?

What kind of music do you like to listen to?

Do you listen carefully during lessons? Why or why not?

Have you ever listened to a story more than once? What did you notice?

How is listening different from hearing in your opinion?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

hear

listen

hear

listening

hear

listen

heard

hear

Exercise 2

hear

listened

hear

listened

heard

listen

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I heard a strange noise outside my house last night. It made me curious, so I looked out the window.

I like to listen to pop music and classical music. It helps me relax and focus at the same time.

Yes, I usually listen carefully during lessons because it helps me understand the material better.

Yes, I listened to a story more than once in class. The second time I noticed details I missed before.

Hearing happens automatically, but listening requires attention and focus. Listening helps you understand and remember better.

Mini Memory Tips

Hear = слышать естественно, без усилий.

Listen to = слушать сознательно.

После listen всегда используется to при указании объекта.

Можно использовать listen carefully / closely для уточнения действия.

Remember or Remind?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы remember и remind связаны с памятью, но используются по-разному.

1. Основное различие

Remember – помнить что-то самому, удерживать информацию в голове.

Remind – напоминать кому-то о чём-то, помогать вспомнить.

Проще запомнить:

remember – я помню.

remind – я напоминаю кому-то.

2. Грамматические конструкции

REMEMBER

remember something

remember to do something

remember + ing (герундий)

Examples:

I remember my first day at school.

– Я помню свой первый день в школе.

Don’t forget to remember to bring your homework.

– Не забудь вспомнить о домашнем задании. (обычно проще: «remember to bring your homework»)

I remember meeting my best friend in the park.

– Я помню, как встретил своего лучшего друга в парке.

REMIND

remind somebody (about something)

remind somebody to do something

remind me / you / them

Examples:

Please remind me to call my mother.

– Пожалуйста, напомни мне позвонить маме.

The teacher reminded the students about the homework.

– Учитель напомнил ученикам о домашнем задании.

Can you remind him to bring the book?

– Можешь напомнить ему принести книгу?

3. Полезные советы

Если действие связано с вашим собственным воспоминанием – используйте remember.

Если нужно, чтобы кто-то вспомнил или сделал что-то – используйте remind.

После remind часто используется объект (кого напоминаем) и предлог about или инфинитив для действия.

Слова don’t forget, please, can you помогают формулировать вежливые напоминания.

Story

Last week I had a very busy schedule at school. In the morning, I remembered that I had a math test. I quickly prepared for it. During the lesson, I remembered some important formulas that helped me answer the questions.

After the test, my friend reminded me about the English homework. I had completely forgotten to do it. She reminded me to finish it before the next lesson. I was grateful because I usually remember my tasks, but sometimes I forget.

Later, our teacher reminded the class about the upcoming sports competition. She reminded us to bring sports clothes and water. I also remembered that I wanted to ask my parents to buy new sneakers for the event.

In the evening, I remembered an old story my grandmother told me. It made me smile. I realized that remembering important things and helping others by reminding them is very useful in everyday life.

Useful Words and Expressions

busy schedule – плотный график

remember something – помнить что-то

remember to do something – не забыть сделать что-то

remind somebody – напоминать кому-то

grateful – благодарный

completely forgotten – полностью забыл

important formulas – важные формулы

upcoming – предстоящий

sports competition – спортивное соревнование

bring sports clothes – приносить спортивную одежду

sneakers – кроссовки

lesson – урок

grandmother – бабушка

smile – улыбаться

everyday life – повседневная жизнь

help others – помогать другим

English homework – домашнее задание по английскому

Exercises

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (remember or remind)

I ______ my first day at school.

Can you ______ me to call my friend?

Don’t forget to ______ to bring your homework.

She ______ me about the meeting yesterday.

I always ______ my parents’ birthdays.

Please ______ him to do the exercises.

I ______ meeting my best friend in the park.

The teacher ______ the students to prepare for the test.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

I (remember / remind) my keys at home.

She (remembered / reminded) me about the exam.

Don’t forget to (remember / remind) your homework.

Can you (remember / remind) me to call my mother?

He (remembered / reminded) his first day at school.

The alarm clock reminded me / remembered me to wake up.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)

What do you usually remember about your school day?

Have you ever reminded someone about an important task? What happened?

How do you help your friends remember homework or events?

Can you remember a happy memory from last year? Describe it.

Why is it important to both remember and remind in everyday life?

Answer Key

Exercise 1

remember

remind

remember

reminded

remember

remind

remember

reminded

Exercise 2

remembered

reminded

remember

remind

remembered

reminded

Exercise 3 – Sample Answers

I usually remember my lessons, tasks, and important events during the school day. It helps me stay organized.

Yes, I reminded my friend to submit his homework. He was thankful because he almost forgot.

I send messages or tell my friends in person to remember assignments or school events. It helps us not miss important tasks.

I remember a happy birthday party last year. We played games, ate cake, and laughed a lot.

It is important to remember so we do not forget important things, and to remind others so they can stay organized and responsible.

Mini Memory Tips

Remember = помнить самому.

Remind = напоминать кому-то.

Remember to do something = не забыть сделать.

Remind somebody to do something = напомнить выполнить действие.

Learn or Study?

Grammar Focus

Глаголы learn и study оба связаны с получением знаний, но используются по-разному.

1. Основное различие

Study – изучать, концентрироваться на материале, тратить время на обучение.

Learn – учить или усваивать знания, понимать и запоминать информацию.

Проще запомнить:

study = процесс обучения.

learn = результат обучения, усвоение знаний.

2. Грамматические конструкции

STUDY

study a subject / topic

study for an exam / test

study at school / university

study hard / carefully

Examples:

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