 .     
 


   ,  ,     ,         .

      ,  .         ,    .             .       ,      ,     .

                 ,  ,           ,    .





 

 

    



TheRussian language edition is a complete translation of theU.S. edition, specially authorized by the original publisher, Columbia University Press.

Copyright 2017 Columbia University Press

  

  , , 2026

    , 2026

 Artguide s.r.o., 2026

  ,  , , 2025







        ,      ,  ,             ,    . , ,  ,              ,   .

                 .   ,       ,            .                 . ,                ,      3.       Fogo Island Arts       .     ,     ,  ,           ,      .

               .           ,       :       ,    ,   ,  .      ,     ,  ,        ,  ,     ,     ,         ,    .  ,   :  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  -,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   ,  ,  ,  -,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , .  ,  ,  ,  ,  c,  ,  ,  ,  ,    .

       ,     ,      ,     , ;  .  , ;            -,     ,        ,  .   ,     ,    Eye Film Museum . .  -  .       ,        -  Bill Viola Studio LLC  ,        .

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            .

 .  


      ,      (Anywhere, Anywhere Out of the World, 20132014)    -   --    ,         .            ,          ,          .              ,     --       .         ,      .    ,    ,         ,  ,      ,       .      --     ,         :           .

      (Marquees) 2006,             .    ,           ,          ,      ,      .        2008         2009-,               .       --,  2016    ,                  .            :      ,     ? ,   ,   ?






 .   (2013)    ,     . --, 2013. :  .  Esther Schipper Gallery, 



        .   ,          ,           [1 - Bellour R. La querelle des dispositifs: Cinma  installations, expositions. Paris: POL, 2012. .14.].           ,          [2 - .: Casetti F. The Relocation of Cinema// NECSUS2. Autumn 2012. URL: www.necsus-ejms.org/the-relocation-of-cinema (http://www.necsus-ejms.org/the-relocation-of-cinema) ( : 10.10.2025); Casetti F. The Lumi?re Galaxy: Seven Key Words for the Cinema to Come. New York: Columbia University Press, 2015.].                 .              ,        :        .                 ,     ,     ?    , ,   ?          ,       ,    .  ,      ,     ( ,   ),   ,      ,         .

     --   ,             .         DVD     .    ,   DVD      (Precognition, 2012),         :  (Marilyn, 2012) C.H.Z.[3 - Continuously habitable zones     (.). . .] (2011).        ,       --,    -                  .    ,        . ,     DVD,    ,   ,     ,              ,   ,        .






 . . 2013. :  .  Esther Schipper Gallery, 



               .        .     [4 -       , ,       . . . .],       .                :       ,         . ,    ,                       [5 - Batchen G. Dissemination// Still Searching. 2012. September 15. URL: http://blog.fotomuseum.ch/2012/09/1-dissemination (http://blog.fotomuseum.ch/2012/09/1-dissemination) ( : 10.10.2025). . :  .       //  .   .  . .: , 2012.   ,  ,       . . .].      .       ,    .             ,  ,       ,      ,  .           ; ,                 .        ⠫.    ,   ,       ,     ,   ,       ,   .

      ,      :    ,         , ,   .       ,    ( )(1992)   ,      [6 -            .    ,  3,5- ,    ,        ,        , -     ,      .].    DVD-D-  ,    FDDTechnologies[7 -        .  2005   Friedrich Petzel Gallery -   DVD-D   (The Boy from Mars, 2003)  ,      .].    XXI       ,     ,      DVD,    DIVX Flexplay (   EZ-D).          .   DIVX        ,            ,      . Flexplay DVD-D,   ,        ,     ,        . Flexplay  48            iTunes,      .          .

  C.H.Z. --      :   ,                .      DVD-D       .  ,      ,      ,    ,    DVD-  C.H.Z.    ,      .           ,            ,      ,     ,    ,  ,     .         :  , ,           (,       ),      ,                   .    DVD-     ,            , ,    ,      , .     ,         ,        ,     .

  Flexplay DVD-D     :            ;  ,         ; ,  ,           .     ,          ,    .   DVD- ,      voil?       .  DVD-D        ,  ,          ,       .   ,                 ,         .   ,            .          .   ,         ,      .           ,          ,    ,            .

             ,      ,    :     ,        (       ,      ).    ,              .                    ,     .  ,    ⠫,         .       ,      .   ,              .        ,       .    ,    ,   , ,     ,  .        .   ,         ,     ,  :    ,    .                   ,   ,                             -.              .  ,   ,   ,             .        (2010)      ,                    UbuWeb.          ,  .

  ,       ,      ,   ,       .               ,      .   ,   , - . ,    ,              .         ,   -,      ,  ,  .     ,     ,  [cl?bres] ( [cl?brs])  .        ,     , , ,     ,     ,   ,     (  ),                             [8 -  .     / . . . . //   . 2003. 2. URL: https://magazines.gorky.media/nlo/2003/2/istoricheskij-genezis-chistoj-estetiki-1-essenczialistskij-2-analiz-i-illyuziya-absolyutnogo.html (https://magazines.gorky.media/nlo/2003/2/istoricheskij-genezis-chistoj-estetiki-1-essenczialistskij-2-analiz-i-illyuziya-absolyutnogo.html) ( : 10.10.2025).].

 ,   ( ),  ,     ,    ,     ,  ,   .        ,              ,    .               .         ,     ,      ,  :     Circles (, 19791991) Women Make Movies (-, 1969 . .)      Serious Business Company (  -, 19721983).   ,       ,   ,   .        ,    ,       .    ,  ,  ,      ,  ,      ,         ,   ,     ,  ,                  .

           .      :      ,  ,   ,  ,    ,    ,      .          ,  , ,           ,        .  ,          ,    ,  ,     ,         ,    ,     .            ,     .       ,  ,    (copy rights)    .     (copy rites),      ,       .       , ,          ,    ,      .


* * *

   ,       1980-    , , ,     .  1986-  - (College Art Association)       :    蔻,           October      [9 - .: Krauss R. Originality as Repetition: Introduction// October. 1986. 37. .3540.].             ,         .         ,    ,   ,   ; ,  October,    ,      ,          ,        ,    [10 - Krauss R. Originality as Repetition: Introduction// October. 1986. 37. .36.].   ,    ,    ,            ex nihilo[11 -  (.). . .],[12 - .:  .   . .: V-A-C press, 2015.].     蠫 ,  ,  蠫,  蠫.      ,              .

            ,        ,     ,         .    - .        .                         .  1980-                    ,   .               ,   ,             ,          .

        ,           ,  .    ,     蠫 , ,   ,    .       ,   ,        [13 - .: Jenkins H., Ford S., GreenJ. Spreadable Media: Creating Value and Meaning in aNetworked Culture. New York: NYU Press, 2013. .2.].    ,     ,     ,    ,              ,             .      ,  ,      ,       ,   ,    :           ,   ;         .     ,    ,          ,              1980-.      ,           ,   ,     ,         .  ,        ,     1980-:           ,   ,       ,   ,          ,     ,      .

     ,    ,       XXI.            .          ,    ,    ,             ,    ,      ,      -.          ,    ,           ,       :        ,          ; ,    ,        [14 -  .  ?/ . . .:  II, 2012. .47.].      ,   ,         .    ,       (    );     ,   ,   ,  ,  [15 - Heiser J. Good Circulation// Frieze. 2005. 90. URL: www.frieze.com/issue/article/good-circulation (http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/good-circulation) (  10.10.2025).].         ,         -          ,     ,   .  ,       ,                   ,     .


* * *

             .         1947  Cinema 16.        ,       , Cinema 16    ,        .   ,       -,       ,    -  1961,        ,  ,         .  ,             ,    .     :         .        ;      .    ,     :        [16 - The First Statement of theNew American Cinema Group// The Film Culture Reader. New York: Praeger, 1970. .8182.].

 1962   -   (   ).    (   )    ,       . , 1966    , 1967-  Canyon Cinema -.        ,        ,      ,           .         ,       ,       .   1967  ,     Canyon,       ,              .          .      :      ,       [17 - Nelson R. Open Letter to Film-Makers// Canyon Cinemanews. 1967. July.].






 .  Cinema 16. 1950.  www.amosvogel.com (http://www.amosvogel.com/)



               .    1970-   ,     Electronic Arts Intermix (EAI),  ,       .  1973  EAI       (Artists Videotape Distribution Service),         ,           .      EAI  ,              . EAI        ,     ,     [18 - Zippay L. Round Table: Distribution After Digitization// Moving Image Review and Art Journal. 2014. Vol.3, 1. .77.].         : London Video Arts ( 1976,     LUX), Montevideo  ( 1978,   NIMk    ) Vtape  ( 1980).    ,    ,     ,   ,      ,             .

      ,          ,  Canyon Cinema, -  ,  Video Data Bank   Light Cone.           ,        .       2012, Canyon Cinema               .  2012 New York Times ,  Canyon ⠫  -  [19 - Lee F. R. Filmmakers Co-operative Says Future Is in Doubt// New York Times. URL: www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/movies/canyon-cinema-filmmakers-cooperative-sees-grim-future.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/movies/canyon-cinema-filmmakers-cooperative-sees-grim-future.html) (  10.10.2025).].  2009    ,      -,   . ,     - , 475,       [20 -         ,     .],[21 -  .: Rohter L. Avant-Garde Film Group Gets New Home, Cheap// New York Times. URL: www.nytimes.com/2009/05/28/movies/28film.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/28/movies/28film.html) ( : 10.10.2025).].  ,    ,   LUX EAI,     ,    ,       ,    .       ,   ,     ,   ,               -     -   DVD Blue-ray  .               ,      ,      .

   -      ,     ,    .      : -, ,        ,     ,    ; -,   ,       ,        ,   ,    .         ; ,         ,        .                 ,      ,      -,       .


* * *

 ,  , ,    ,  ,  ,   ,  ,   軠  ,    ,     ,       ,    .   -   ,      , ,     .         1979,            -----  1979,   ,         [22 - . Jordan L. Survival in the Independent  Non-Commercial-Avant-Garde  Experimental  Personal  Expressionistic Film Market of1979// Canyon Cinema: The Life and Times of an Independent Film Distributor/ MacDonald S. (ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008. .329338.].               ,       .        ,    ,        ,      .

     -  , 1960- 1990-         :  ,    () . -                       .  ,   ,          . ,    ,          ,    :          ,         ,       ,       ;        ,    -,        ,    [23 - . Walley J. Modes ofFilm Practice in the Avant-Garde// Leighton T. (ed.). Art and the Moving Image: ACritical Reader. London: Afterall and Tate, 2008. .182199.         .: Balsom E. Brakhages Sour Grapes, or Notes on Experimental Cinema in the Art World// Moving Image Review and Art Journal. 2012. Vol.1, 1. .1325.].           ,        . -, ,       ,   ,       .

 1990-        ,   ,         .       (  )    , ?  ,    ,  .      1990-          ,        ,         ,   蠫  黠         [24 -     ,           -          (Iles C. Issues in the New Cinematic Aesthetic in Video// Leighton T., B?chler .(eds.). Saving the Image: Art After Film. Glasgow: Centre for Contemporary Arts, 2003. .140).].   ,      , -,    LUX,      [25 -  2002      , London Video Arts LUX Centre, LUX             - .                ,    ,     : LUX       ,    :     , , , ,   ,            (About// LUX. URL: http://lux.org.uk/about/about-lux (http://lux.org.uk/about/about-lux) ( : 10.10.2025)).].        : 2015              ,            [26 -  ,         , :                     . Walker Moving Image                 ,    (Walker Art Center Announces Shift to Moving Image with Launch of Moving Image Commissions and Walker Mediatheque. URL: www.walkerart.org/press/browse/press-releases/2015/walker-art-center-announces-shift-to-moving-i (http://www.walkerart.org/press/browse/press-releases/2015/walker-art-center-announces-shift-to-moving-i) ( : 10.10.2025)).];      DINAMO     ,    ,      ,      .

         ,           .  ,        ,      ,    :               .              ,    .           ,     ,    ,     :    LUX,   .            .   , ,         ,       ,  :      ,   []      -,              ,   .           ,         ,           ,       ,    ()  [27 - Beebe R. On Artists Cinema and Moving-Image Art// Brooklyn Rail. URL: www.brooklynrail.org/2014/07/criticspage/on-artists-cinema-and-moving-image-art (http://www.brooklynrail.org/2014/07/criticspage/on-artists-cinema-and-moving-image-art) ( : 10.10.2025).].

      ,               ,               1960-.     ,    ,    ,           ,  ,          ,          .     . ,      ,                     ,    .          , ,    -,   .        :        .                   ,  .      ,     ,    .  ,   :        ,          ?    ,    .       ,     ,  ,               (   ) ----- .


* * *

          :        -       :  ,                  [28 - Nowell-Smith G. Foreword// Knight J., Thomas .Reaching Audiences: Distribution and Promotion of Alternative Moving Image. Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2012. .9.]. ,   .         ,          .                  ,      [29 - Lobato R. Shadow Economies of Cinema: Mapping Informal Film Distribution. London: Palgrave/BFI, 2012. .6.].    ,      .                  -  -,     ; ,   ; ,    ,   .         ,             ,  ,  ,     .          .         ,    25        . ,       ,     .       ,          ,    .

                 .         ,     Canyon Cinema Cinema 16,            ,              ,   ,    19201930-[30 - .: MacDonald S. Canyon Cinema: The Life and Times of anIndependent Film Distributor. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008; MacDonald S. Cinema 16: Documents Towards aHistory of the Film Society. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,2002; ZrydM. The Academy and the Avant-Garde: ARelationship ofDependence and Resistance// Cinema Journal. 2006. Vol.45, 2. .1742; Knight J., Thomas .Reaching Audiences: Distribution and Promotion of Alternative Moving Image. Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2012; Hagener M. Moving Forward, Looking Back: The European Avant-Garde and the Invention of Film Culture, 19191939. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2007.].  -    . -,          ; ,        .     , ,   .       ,      , , -  ,       .      ,    .       -    ,   ,  ,     [31 - Takahashi T. Experimental Screens in the 1960


 and 1970


: The Site of Community// Cinema Journal. 2012. Vol.51, 2. .167.].       ,  ,  ,         ,        ,         .

    ,      ,    ,    ,         ,                     .       ,         ,     .    ,            ,     ,     ,    .   ,                   -: ,    ,   ,    ,   [32 - Takahashi T. Experimental Screens in the 1960


 and 1970


: The Site of Community// Cinema Journal. 2012. Vol.51, 2. .167.].


* * *

      :      :     [33 - Decherney .Hollywoods Copyright Wars: From Edison to the Internet. New York: Columbia University Press, 2012. .11.].   .  ,      ,  , ,   ,         .       :  ,       ,          .

  1  Ƞ Ȼ      .              ,        :  ,        .        ,   ,           .      ,       ,   ,            ; ,      ,   .     ,                      ,             XIX.

 24  ,     .

 2 8  Ƞ  Ƞɔ    ,        .   1960-  ,          16-  8-,           .           ,   Grove Press          ,     .        8-         ,          1960-.   8-      ,       --,     DVD   -,       .    ,     ,             ,        .

 3  Ƞ λ      ,   ,       ,  ,           .            ,       ,      .       ,    .          - UbuWeb,       .     in toto[34 -  (.). . .]     ,  ,    ,        ,      .          ,       ,          .

 4   Ƞ Ż    ,             .        ,      :       ,     ,         ,      .                       ,        .  ,                ,       ,                  .       ,   ,      ,      .             ,        ,       .             , ,          1957.        ,        ,     .

    ,  57 ,      ,    .

  5  ƻ   ,         .     XIX     ,     ,         ,     .  1930-      ,      ,        -.                . ?  XX            .  1990-              .        ,  ,     1990-.          ,  ,         ,       .

  6   Ż          ,   ,       , ,     ,    .      ,   ,       ,             ,     .            ,      ,     .          ,       ,    ,           ,    ,     .

 7  һ     6                 , - .         1960-,          - ,         ,    .      ,    ;         ,     .                    1960-    :   4  80-  ,     ,     ,   .   6        ,   7    -  .

 8 :   ʠVDROME  ,                           .      ,      ,    蠫 .                Vdrome,  -     ,  10 .        , Vdrome       ,    .    ,            ,  ,       ,     ,      .

  ,          [35 - Schwartz H. The Culture of theCopy: Striking Likenesses, Unreasonable Facsimiles. New York: Zone, 1996. .257.].       .         ,            ,     XIX  ,          .         ,                  .                      ,      .          ,   :   ,   ,  ,      ;         ,    ,  .       ,  ,    .




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    ⠫ (2012)   DVD-D, ,   ,    ,      , ,              ,           .            ,     :      ,  .         DVD-D,          . ,   ,    ,  ,           .

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 1759    :  ,   ,    ?[37 -  .      / . . . . . .:  , 1812. .40.]      ,     - ,     ,  ,    .  XIX          ,          , ,   .  ,   ,                 ,   .   , ,         ,  .   [38 -   ( . postlapsarian,  lapsus  . )        黠        .   ,           ,           ,   . . . .]     :         ,    ,   .      ,   ,   .

  XIX   ,      蠫   ,   ,     ,     ,     -[39 -      ,      ,     .   ,      ,   :   .     ! (. :  .     / . . . URL: https://lib.ru/INPROZ/DIKKENS/d12.txt_with-big-pictures.html (https://lib.ru/INPROZ/DIKKENS/d12.txt_with-big-pictures.html) ( : 10.10.2025); .   / . . . . URL: https://lib.ru/INPROZ/MELWILL/melvil03.txt (https://lib.ru/INPROZ/MELWILL/melvil03.txt) ( : 10.10.2025)).],[40 -        XIX      . : Shore R. Scrivener Fiction: The Copyist and His Craft in Nineteenth-Century Fiction: PhD diss. Columbia University, 1980.].     ,        ,      .        ,   ,       Gesellschaft  ,      .     -     .      ,       ,      .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=73749503)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Bellour R. La querelle des dispositifs: Cinma  installations, expositions. Paris: POL, 2012. .14.




2


.: Casetti F. The Relocation of Cinema// NECSUS2. Autumn 2012. URL: www.necsus-ejms.org/the-relocation-of-cinema (http://www.necsus-ejms.org/the-relocation-of-cinema) ( : 10.10.2025); Casetti F. The Lumi?re Galaxy: Seven Key Words for the Cinema to Come. New York: Columbia University Press, 2015.




3


Continuously habitable zones     (.). . .




4


      , ,       . . . .




5


Batchen G. Dissemination// Still Searching. 2012. September 15. URL: http://blog.fotomuseum.ch/2012/09/1-dissemination (http://blog.fotomuseum.ch/2012/09/1-dissemination) ( : 10.10.2025). . :  .       //  .   .  . .: , 2012.   ,  ,       . . .




6


           .    ,  3,5- ,    ,        ,        , -     ,      .




7


       .  2005   Friedrich Petzel Gallery -   DVD-D   (The Boy from Mars, 2003)  ,      .




8


 .     / . . . . //   . 2003. 2. URL: https://magazines.gorky.media/nlo/2003/2/istoricheskij-genezis-chistoj-estetiki-1-essenczialistskij-2-analiz-i-illyuziya-absolyutnogo.html (https://magazines.gorky.media/nlo/2003/2/istoricheskij-genezis-chistoj-estetiki-1-essenczialistskij-2-analiz-i-illyuziya-absolyutnogo.html) ( : 10.10.2025).




9


.: Krauss R. Originality as Repetition: Introduction// October. 1986. 37. .3540.




10


Krauss R. Originality as Repetition: Introduction// October. 1986. 37. .36.




11


 (.). . .




12


.:  .   . .: V-A-C press, 2015.




13


.: Jenkins H., Ford S., GreenJ. Spreadable Media: Creating Value and Meaning in aNetworked Culture. New York: NYU Press, 2013. .2.




14


 .  ?/ . . .:  II, 2012. .47.




15


Heiser J. Good Circulation// Frieze. 2005. 90. URL: www.frieze.com/issue/article/good-circulation (http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/good-circulation) (  10.10.2025).




16


The First Statement of theNew American Cinema Group// The Film Culture Reader. New York: Praeger, 1970. .8182.




17


Nelson R. Open Letter to Film-Makers// Canyon Cinemanews. 1967. July.




18


Zippay L. Round Table: Distribution After Digitization// Moving Image Review and Art Journal. 2014. Vol.3, 1. .77.




19


Lee F. R. Filmmakers Co-operative Says Future Is in Doubt// New York Times. URL: www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/movies/canyon-cinema-filmmakers-cooperative-sees-grim-future.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/movies/canyon-cinema-filmmakers-cooperative-sees-grim-future.html) (  10.10.2025).




20


        ,     .




21


 .: Rohter L. Avant-Garde Film Group Gets New Home, Cheap// New York Times. URL: www.nytimes.com/2009/05/28/movies/28film.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/28/movies/28film.html) ( : 10.10.2025).




22


. Jordan L. Survival in the Independent  Non-Commercial-Avant-Garde  Experimental  Personal  Expressionistic Film Market of1979// Canyon Cinema: The Life and Times of an Independent Film Distributor/ MacDonald S. (ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008. .329338.




23


. Walley J. Modes ofFilm Practice in the Avant-Garde// Leighton T. (ed.). Art and the Moving Image: ACritical Reader. London: Afterall and Tate, 2008. .182199.         .: Balsom E. Brakhages Sour Grapes, or Notes on Experimental Cinema in the Art World// Moving Image Review and Art Journal. 2012. Vol.1, 1. .1325.




24


    ,           -          (Iles C. Issues in the New Cinematic Aesthetic in Video// Leighton T., B?chler .(eds.). Saving the Image: Art After Film. Glasgow: Centre for Contemporary Arts, 2003. .140).




25


 2002      , London Video Arts LUX Centre, LUX             - .                ,    ,     : LUX       ,    :     , , , ,   ,            (About// LUX. URL: http://lux.org.uk/about/about-lux (http://lux.org.uk/about/about-lux) ( : 10.10.2025)).




26


 ,         , :                     . Walker Moving Image                 ,    (Walker Art Center Announces Shift to Moving Image with Launch of Moving Image Commissions and Walker Mediatheque. URL: www.walkerart.org/press/browse/press-releases/2015/walker-art-center-announces-shift-to-moving-i (http://www.walkerart.org/press/browse/press-releases/2015/walker-art-center-announces-shift-to-moving-i) ( : 10.10.2025)).




27


Beebe R. On Artists Cinema and Moving-Image Art// Brooklyn Rail. URL: www.brooklynrail.org/2014/07/criticspage/on-artists-cinema-and-moving-image-art (http://www.brooklynrail.org/2014/07/criticspage/on-artists-cinema-and-moving-image-art) ( : 10.10.2025).




28


Nowell-Smith G. Foreword// Knight J., Thomas .Reaching Audiences: Distribution and Promotion of Alternative Moving Image. Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2012. .9.




29


Lobato R. Shadow Economies of Cinema: Mapping Informal Film Distribution. London: Palgrave/BFI, 2012. .6.




30


.: MacDonald S. Canyon Cinema: The Life and Times of anIndependent Film Distributor. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008; MacDonald S. Cinema 16: Documents Towards aHistory of the Film Society. Philadelphia: Temple University Press,2002; ZrydM. The Academy and the Avant-Garde: ARelationship ofDependence and Resistance// Cinema Journal. 2006. Vol.45, 2. .1742; Knight J., Thomas .Reaching Audiences: Distribution and Promotion of Alternative Moving Image. Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2012; Hagener M. Moving Forward, Looking Back: The European Avant-Garde and the Invention of Film Culture, 19191939. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2007.




31


Takahashi T. Experimental Screens in the 1960


 and 1970


: The Site of Community// Cinema Journal. 2012. Vol.51, 2. .167.




32


Takahashi T. Experimental Screens in the 1960


 and 1970


: The Site of Community// Cinema Journal. 2012. Vol.51, 2. .167.




33


Decherney .Hollywoods Copyright Wars: From Edison to the Internet. New York: Columbia University Press, 2012. .11.




34


 (.). . .




35


Schwartz H. The Culture of theCopy: Striking Likenesses, Unreasonable Facsimiles. New York: Zone, 1996. .257.




36


Elsaesser T. Entre savoir et croire: Le dispositif cinmatographique apr?s le cinma// Albera F., Tortajada . (eds.). Cin-dispositifs: Spectacles, cinma, tlvision, littrature. Lausanne: ditions L?ge dHomme, 2011. .43.




37


 .      / . . . . . .:  , 1812. .40.




38


  ( . postlapsarian,  lapsus  . )        黠        .   ,           ,           ,   . . . .




39


     ,      ,     .   ,      ,   :   .     ! (. :  .     / . . . URL: https://lib.ru/INPROZ/DIKKENS/d12.txt_with-big-pictures.html (https://lib.ru/INPROZ/DIKKENS/d12.txt_with-big-pictures.html) ( : 10.10.2025); .   / . . . . URL: https://lib.ru/INPROZ/MELWILL/melvil03.txt (https://lib.ru/INPROZ/MELWILL/melvil03.txt) ( : 10.10.2025)).




40


       XIX      . : Shore R. Scrivener Fiction: The Copyist and His Craft in Nineteenth-Century Fiction: PhD diss. Columbia University, 1980.


