                 2021 .
 


      ,     ,   ,  .

(     ,      ).

  []     .

 ,  .





 

                 2021 .





                 2021 .



 



, 2021 .









1      

1.1      

1.2       

1.3   

2       

2.1       

2.2        

2.3          



 







     ,    ,     ,       ,             ,       .        ,              ,        .      : ,                         ,    . -  ,       ,                -    -      .

       ,        ,                       .       2019               ,        ,    2021 .

    ,        ,     -        .        . ,                 [1 -  .  , ,  .  - : - , 2003.  389 c.].  . ,   ,                  [2 -  .     .  .:   ,   , 2006.  . 6-10.].                                     -    [3 -  ..          //   .  2008.   (53).  URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geopolitika-kak-effektivnyy-metod-sovremennoy-rossiyskoy-politicheskoy-teorii-i-praktiki (https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geopolitika-kak-effektivnyy-metod-sovremennoy-rossiyskoy-politicheskoy-teorii-i-praktiki) ( : 15.02.2021).].           ,     ,               ,     ,      [4 -  .   .  URL: http://lib.ru/POLITOLOG/AMERICA/bzhezinskij.txt (http://lib.ru/POLITOLOG/AMERICA/bzhezinskij.txt) ( : 27.11.2020).].   ,    200  ,                                [5 - Exclusive Interview with Zalmai Khalilzad, 1TV Kabul, September 9, 2020 // Youtube.  URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pdf_X06L1Lc (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pdf_X06L1Lc) ( : 11.25.2020).].                  ,     ,           ,                [6 - Hantington S.P. Who International Primacy Matters // International Security.  1993.  P. 83.].      , ,             ,       ,            [7 - ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ? ???? ????? [        - ..] // ???? ???? ?????.  URL: https://www.takbook.com/189558-social-policy ( : 07.12.2020).].     ,          ,                                         ,     [8 - ?????? ?? ?????????. ???? ???? ????????.????? ??? 1386????? ???????. ?].  ,               .      :

      [9 -       .  .. // Insurance corporation of Afghanistan  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan ?????-???????-?????-????-??????-??????-??-????-???/ ( : 27.10.2020).].

    [10 - Agreement for bringing peace to Afghanistan between Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and its known as the Taliban and the United State of America.-. URL: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf (https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf) ( : 23.11.2020).].

      [11 - ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? [  -. ]//ARG.  URL: https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476 (https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476) ( : 01.12.2020).].

 [12 -  . 2004.\\ The Constitution of Afghanistan.\\ Chapter 7. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (-).  URL: https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html ( : 18.11.2020).].

 [13 -  . ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???'[      -..] // TOLO NEWS.  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF (https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF) ( : 14.12.2020).].

    [14 - U.S Department of State. USA Strategy for Central Asia 2019-2025, Advancing Sovereignty and Economic prosperity. a-.]  URL: https://www.state.gov/united-states-strategy-for-central-asia-2019-2025-advancing-sovereignty-and-economic-prosperity/?fbclid=IwAR3FwhMRsM-AHmqU1RsTrMRNZpYw5_nYNp7IbiKCFe7O04BDkGbicfWcaCU (https://www.state.gov/united-states-strategy-for-central-asia-2019-2025-advancing-sovereignty-and-economic-prosperity/?fbclid=IwAR3FwhMRsM-AHmqU1RsTrMRNZpYw5_nYNp7IbiKCFe7O04BDkGbicfWcaCU) ( : 03.02.2021).].

    [15 - The White House. Fact Sheet. The US. -Afghanistan Strategic Partnership Agreement.-.  URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/05/01/fact-sheet-us-afghanistan-strategic-partnership-agreement#:~:text=On%20May%201%2C%202012%2C%20President,the%20United%20States%20of%20America.&text=In%20this%20Agreement%2C%20we%20commit,and%20national%20unity%20of%20Afghanistan (https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/05/01/fact-sheet-us-afghanistan-strategic-partnership-agreement) ( : 31.02.2021).] ..

     ,                    .




1      



                .       .       ,      ,                           .     :

1- 

    .

2- 

    .




1.1      


     2004              ,  ,     .         ,   ,   .  10                    .         ,       ,      ,       .                  ,    ,         .

           2019 .    7         .[16 -       .  .. // Insurance corporation of Afghanistan //  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan ?????-???????-?????-????-??????-??????-??-????-???/ ( : 27.10.2020).]    ,                         ,       ,      .   7    ,            ,   ,   , , - ,     ,     .         ,    ,    ,              .

 ,             ,    ,           .    7-8    , :      ,  ,       [17 - Chapter 7. The Constitution of Afghanistan.  URL: https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html (https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html) (  : 18.11.2020).]  ,          ,     ,   , ,      [18 - Chapter 8. The Constitution of Afghanistan.  URL: https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html (https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html) ( : 18.11.2020).].

,          ,       .         ,     ,  ,             .            ,               ,       .             BBC NEWS , :         ,           ,             ,       [19 - ??????? ??? ?????????: ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????.:[  :      -..] // BBC NEWS?????.  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan-51695913 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan-51695913) ( : 25.11.2020).].

   ,             2004     .          ,   .      ,       .           ,      .              ,                 [20 -        // RT.  URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmgNz8w8Kiw&list=WL&index=236 ( : 20.11.2020).].               .                          .            ,    ,                .   ,            ,    .                . -,    ,      ,  . -,     ,       .      ,          . ,               .        ,           [21 - ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? [    .    . -.] //BBC ?????  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955) ( : 22.02.2021).].

     ,      ,                 .             .               . ,    ,           .        ,       .     ,       .                      .        20       ,   ,      - ,    .

             ,   CNN     :       , ,          .     ,        20 ,       ,         [22 - President Ashraf Ghanis Interview with CNN-.. // ARG. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.  URL: https://president.gov.af/en/president-ashraf-ghanis-interview-with-cnn/ ( : 22.02.2021).] .      ,     ,        .    ,       .   ,         ,      ,     ,     ,     .      ,    ,          ,      .    -         .        ,        60-70- .   ,  -.       .          [23 - ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? [    .    . -.] // BBC ?????  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955) ( : 22.02.2021).].    ,            -                   .

           ,           . ,     ,    , ,    .           ,       ,       .                       ,   ,                              .          ,        ,        .     .

   , ,                    ,     . ,       .    ,         .             .             .        ,      20 .                   .

         :      :

1- 

,

2- 

.

            ,     ,          ,        .          .            ,  , ,                         .       ,           ,       .          ,      ,    .




1.2       


       1994            ,    .  2001 .     ,     .            ,              ,        (   2001.)[24 - Taliban destroys Bamian Buddha Statue // WashingtonPost.  URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/world/taliban-destroys-bamiyan-buddha-statues-in-2001/2015/07/29/8e0c35ca-362f-11e5-ab7b-6416d97c73c2_video.html (https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/world/taliban-destroys-bamiyan-buddha-statues-in-2001/2015/07/29/8e0c35ca-362f-11e5-ab7b-6416d97c73c2_video.html) ( : 20.11.2020).]     ,    , ,    -   .                      .          2013        ,  ,                                    [25 - Scott W. Afghanistan Withdrawal Should be based on condition not timelines\\ United State Institute if Peace.  URL: https://www.usip.org/index.php/publications/2020/11/afghanistan-withdrawal-should-be-based-conditions-not-timelines (https://www.usip.org/index.php/publications/2020/11/afghanistan-withdrawal-should-be-based-conditions-not-timelines) ( : 20.11.2020).].

   2020                 30 ,         [26 - Ayaz G. USA Taliban to resets to commitment under afghan deal to reduce violence. // VOA  URL: https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/us-taliban-reset-commitments-under-afghan-deal-reduce-violence (https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/us-taliban-reset-commitments-under-afghan-deal-reduce-violence) ( : 22.11.2020).].        .   ,        ,      ,            . , -,   ,        .     ,   .            ,     ,               ,    ,                   .       :

  [27 - ???? ?????. ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????. // VOA.  URL: https://www.darivoa.com/a/5069501.html (https://www.darivoa.com/a/5069501.html) ( : 23.02.2021).].

          14    [28 - Agreement for bringing peace to Afghanistan between Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and its known as the Taliban and the United State of America.  URL: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf (https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf) ( : 23.11.2020).].

   5.        1.   [29 - Agreement for bringing peace to Afghanistan between Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and its known as the Taliban and the United State of America.  URL: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf (https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf) ( : 23.11.2020).].

             :        ,       ,    ,  ,           .     ,          . ,   ,     .                 .       [30 - An interview with the spokesman of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, Qari Yusuf Ahmadi. -, // Voice of Jihad.  URL: http://alemarahenglish.net/?p=22502 ( : 23.11.2020).].           .         .  ,       ,    .  ,     .   ,         ,      .  ,           ,                    .   ,     :         ,        ,        ,   ,   ?[31 - ??????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????. [    . . ] // ? ???  URL: https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q (https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q)( : 23.02.2021).].

   ,        ,          .             .           ,     : , ,    ,         ,        ,  .       ,        ,            [32 -  ..          //     .  URL: https://www.ivran.ru/articles?artid=16294 ( : 23.11.2020).].

    ,     (     )  5 .              ( )[33 -     . URL: https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/dic_fwords/ (https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/dic_fwords/) ( : 23.11.2020).]        ,        [34 - ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????.[    .] // ARG.  URL: https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476 (https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476) ( : 01.12.2020).].    2020 .   ,                .        ,    ,  ,     ,        .

           ,   ,    .      ,   ,     ,   ,       ,    ,      1980-1990.        ,      [35 - , .     // Science and education against terror.  URL: http://scienceport.ru/en/library/liball/4364-salafitskaya-ideologiya-chistogo-islama-/ ( : 12.12.2020).].             ,   ,      [36 - Rashid, A. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil, and Fundamentalism in Central Asia.  New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996.  P. 43.  URL: https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300163681/taliban (https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300163681/taliban) ( : 01.12.2020).]. ,         ,   :

  ()[37 - ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???'[      -..] // TOLO NEWS.  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF (https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF) ( : 14.12.2020).].

  -        [38 - ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???[         ..] // ??? ????.  URL: https://subhekabul.com/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2/afghanistan-peacetalks-qatar-taliban/ (https://subhekabul.com/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2/afghanistan-peacetalks-qatar-taliban/) ( : 14.12.2020).].

         [39 - ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ???[       -..] //Anadoly Agency.  URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/fa/ (https://www.aa.com.tr/fa/) ( : 01.12.2020).].

   CBS News     ,     ,       .    ,  ,        :        ,            .   ,      - ,      ,   ,  ,             ,       ,   [40 - Sami Y. What do the Taliban want out of the long awaited Intra-Afghan talks? // CBS NEWS.  URL: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/ (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/) ( : 26.11.2020).].

           :               .                 [41 - Sami Y. What do the Taliban want out of the long awaited Intra-Afghan talks? . // CBS NEWS.  URL: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/ (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/) ( : 26.11.2020).].      ,            ,      ,          .

                  ,       .        ,     ,   .    ,          ,        ,         ,    .    ,          .     ,   ,       ,     ,                .      .    ,   -     -           ,     1996  2001 .

 New York Times       ,     .          ,    .    .   ,       -   -   ,   .    -, -    .      .         ,                  .            .   ,       ,            ,    ,            .            ,       [42 - ??????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????. [    ..] // ? ??? URL: https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q (https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q) ( : 23.02.2021).].

        .             .  ,  , ,        .   ,    ,       ,     .   ,         ,           . ,    ,     ,      .    ,            ,    .    ,             ,      .  ,      ,      ,        .   ,    ,      .  ,          [43 - ??????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????. [    ..] // ? ???  URL: https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q (https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q) ( : 23.02.2021).].

     ,     ,          .        ,        .     -     -,     ,   ,   -   -  ,      [44 - ????????? ?????? ? ?? ???????? ???? ???.. [    ?  ..] // BBC?????.  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-51617979 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-51617979)  : 24.02.2021).].     ,          .       ,       ,      ,     ,       .        , ,   ,       :       ,       [45 -            // .  URL: https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/686079 ( : 24.02.2021).].              ,   ,          ,     .

     ,        .   ,     ,  :        ,   ,      ,       [46 - ????? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???. [  ;    c  ?  ..] // ???????.  URL: https://khabarnama.net/blog/2020/07/08/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%9B-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%A8-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AC/?fbclid=IwAR35PpbJcpQFkK0mO2WB7j2ZzTUmdtIvsdh9HE7nBlv7YovQhLEB8j1V6C8 (https://khabarnama.net/blog/2020/07/08/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%9B-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%A8-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AC/?fbclid=IwAR35PpbJcpQFkK0mO2WB7j2ZzTUmdtIvsdh9HE7nBlv7YovQhLEB8j1V6C8) ( : 25.02.2021).].       ,       ,   - ,          .      ,        .          ,   -    ,     .                     ,                            .

                 . -,   ,   ,           ,        ,        ,       .      ,              .         ,            ,               .

-,     ,            .           ,   .             .        -    .    ,                .




1.3   


            .     ,           ,    25-  62- .        ,        .      ,     .  ,              .        20  ,                .      21 ,                -   [47 - ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????[         ..] //Anadolu Agency.  URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/fa/ ( : 04.12.2020).].        ,               .         ,  ,                .

 ,  ,   ,         .     ,             ,   ,        [48 - ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???[            ..] // ????? ?????.  URL: https://da.azadiradio.com/a/30514850.html (https://da.azadiradio.com/a/30514850.html) ( : 04.12.2020).]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/mariya-nazer/neudachnaya-rol-ssha-i-rossiyskoy-federacii-v-processe-mirnyh-73946281/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


 .  , ,  .  - : - , 2003.  389 c.




2


 .     .  .:   ,   , 2006.  . 6-10.




3


 ..          //   .  2008.   (53).  URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geopolitika-kak-effektivnyy-metod-sovremennoy-rossiyskoy-politicheskoy-teorii-i-praktiki (https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geopolitika-kak-effektivnyy-metod-sovremennoy-rossiyskoy-politicheskoy-teorii-i-praktiki) ( : 15.02.2021).




4


 .   .  URL: http://lib.ru/POLITOLOG/AMERICA/bzhezinskij.txt (http://lib.ru/POLITOLOG/AMERICA/bzhezinskij.txt) ( : 27.11.2020).




5


Exclusive Interview with Zalmai Khalilzad, 1TV Kabul, September 9, 2020 // Youtube.  URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pdf_X06L1Lc (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pdf_X06L1Lc) ( : 11.25.2020).




6


Hantington S.P. Who International Primacy Matters // International Security.  1993.  P. 83.




7


??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ? ???? ????? [        - ..] // ???? ???? ?????.  URL: https://www.takbook.com/189558-social-policy ( : 07.12.2020).




8


?????? ?? ?????????. ???? ???? ????????.????? ??? 1386????? ???????. ?




9


      .  .. // Insurance corporation of Afghanistan  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan ?????-???????-?????-????-??????-??????-??-????-???/ ( : 27.10.2020).




10


Agreement for bringing peace to Afghanistan between Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and its known as the Taliban and the United State of America.-. URL: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf (https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf) ( : 23.11.2020).




11


????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? [  -. ]//ARG.  URL: https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476 (https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476) ( : 01.12.2020).




12


 . 2004.\\ The Constitution of Afghanistan.\\ Chapter 7. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (-).  URL: https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html ( : 18.11.2020).




13


 . ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???'[      -..] // TOLO NEWS.  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF (https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF) ( : 14.12.2020).




14


U.S Department of State. USA Strategy for Central Asia 2019-2025, Advancing Sovereignty and Economic prosperity. a-.]  URL: https://www.state.gov/united-states-strategy-for-central-asia-2019-2025-advancing-sovereignty-and-economic-prosperity/?fbclid=IwAR3FwhMRsM-AHmqU1RsTrMRNZpYw5_nYNp7IbiKCFe7O04BDkGbicfWcaCU (https://www.state.gov/united-states-strategy-for-central-asia-2019-2025-advancing-sovereignty-and-economic-prosperity/?fbclid=IwAR3FwhMRsM-AHmqU1RsTrMRNZpYw5_nYNp7IbiKCFe7O04BDkGbicfWcaCU) ( : 03.02.2021).




15


The White House. Fact Sheet. The US. -Afghanistan Strategic Partnership Agreement.-.  URL: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/05/01/fact-sheet-us-afghanistan-strategic-partnership-agreement#:~:text=On%20May%201%2C%202012%2C%20President,the%20United%20States%20of%20America.&text=In%20this%20Agreement%2C%20we%20commit,and%20national%20unity%20of%20Afghanistan (https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/05/01/fact-sheet-us-afghanistan-strategic-partnership-agreement) ( : 31.02.2021).




16


      .  .. // Insurance corporation of Afghanistan //  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan ?????-???????-?????-????-??????-??????-??-????-???/ ( : 27.10.2020).




17


Chapter 7. The Constitution of Afghanistan.  URL: https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html (https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html) (  : 18.11.2020).




18


Chapter 8. The Constitution of Afghanistan.  URL: https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html (https://www.mfa.gov.af/constitution/chapter-one-state.html) ( : 18.11.2020).




19


??????? ??? ?????????: ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????.:[  :      -..] // BBC NEWS?????.  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan-51695913 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan-51695913) ( : 25.11.2020).




20


       // RT.  URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmgNz8w8Kiw&list=WL&index=236 ( : 20.11.2020).




21


????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? [    .    . -.] //BBC ?????  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955) ( : 22.02.2021).




22


President Ashraf Ghanis Interview with CNN-.. // ARG. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.  URL: https://president.gov.af/en/president-ashraf-ghanis-interview-with-cnn/ ( : 22.02.2021).




23


????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? [    .    . -.] // BBC ?????  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-52175955) ( : 22.02.2021).




24


Taliban destroys Bamian Buddha Statue // WashingtonPost.  URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/world/taliban-destroys-bamiyan-buddha-statues-in-2001/2015/07/29/8e0c35ca-362f-11e5-ab7b-6416d97c73c2_video.html (https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/world/taliban-destroys-bamiyan-buddha-statues-in-2001/2015/07/29/8e0c35ca-362f-11e5-ab7b-6416d97c73c2_video.html) ( : 20.11.2020).




25


Scott W. Afghanistan Withdrawal Should be based on condition not timelines\\ United State Institute if Peace.  URL: https://www.usip.org/index.php/publications/2020/11/afghanistan-withdrawal-should-be-based-conditions-not-timelines (https://www.usip.org/index.php/publications/2020/11/afghanistan-withdrawal-should-be-based-conditions-not-timelines) ( : 20.11.2020).




26


Ayaz G. USA Taliban to resets to commitment under afghan deal to reduce violence. // VOA  URL: https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/us-taliban-reset-commitments-under-afghan-deal-reduce-violence (https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/us-taliban-reset-commitments-under-afghan-deal-reduce-violence) ( : 22.11.2020).




27


???? ?????. ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????. // VOA.  URL: https://www.darivoa.com/a/5069501.html (https://www.darivoa.com/a/5069501.html) ( : 23.02.2021).




28


Agreement for bringing peace to Afghanistan between Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and its known as the Taliban and the United State of America.  URL: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf (https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf) ( : 23.11.2020).




29


Agreement for bringing peace to Afghanistan between Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan which is not recognized by the United States as a state and its known as the Taliban and the United State of America.  URL: https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf (https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Agreement-For-Bringing-Peace-to-Afghanistan-02.29.20.pdf) ( : 23.11.2020).




30


An interview with the spokesman of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, Qari Yusuf Ahmadi. -, // Voice of Jihad.  URL: http://alemarahenglish.net/?p=22502 ( : 23.11.2020).




31


??????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????. [    . . ] // ? ???  URL: https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q (https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q)( : 23.02.2021).




32


 ..          //     .  URL: https://www.ivran.ru/articles?artid=16294 ( : 23.11.2020).




33


    . URL: https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/dic_fwords/ (https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/dic_fwords/) ( : 23.11.2020).




34


????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????.[    .] // ARG.  URL: https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476 (https://president.gov.af/da/?p=24476) ( : 01.12.2020).




35


, .     // Science and education against terror.  URL: http://scienceport.ru/en/library/liball/4364-salafitskaya-ideologiya-chistogo-islama-/ ( : 12.12.2020).




36


Rashid, A. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil, and Fundamentalism in Central Asia.  New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996.  P. 43.  URL: https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300163681/taliban (https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300163681/taliban) ( : 01.12.2020).




37


?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???'[      -..] // TOLO NEWS.  URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF (https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF) ( : 14.12.2020).




38


????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???[         ..] // ??? ????.  URL: https://subhekabul.com/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2/afghanistan-peacetalks-qatar-taliban/ (https://subhekabul.com/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2/afghanistan-peacetalks-qatar-taliban/) ( : 14.12.2020).




39


????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ???[       -..] //Anadoly Agency.  URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/fa/ (https://www.aa.com.tr/fa/) ( : 01.12.2020).




40


Sami Y. What do the Taliban want out of the long awaited Intra-Afghan talks? // CBS NEWS.  URL: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/ (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/) ( : 26.11.2020).




41


Sami Y. What do the Taliban want out of the long awaited Intra-Afghan talks? . // CBS NEWS.  URL: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/ (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/afghanistan-taliban-intra-afghan-dialogue-talks-doha-what-does-the-taliban-want/) ( : 26.11.2020).




42


??????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????. [    ..] // ? ??? URL: https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q (https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q) ( : 23.02.2021).




43


??????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ????. [    ..] // ? ???  URL: https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q (https://8am.af/draft-constitution-of-the-taliban/?fbclid=IwAR3srRt8SZKr_gwwhRtPztEvR16FSC0lZPwngmDXzpu8prxF64pZMZiJt9Q) ( : 23.02.2021).




44


????????? ?????? ? ?? ???????? ???? ???.. [    ?  ..] // BBC?????.  URL: https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-51617979 (https://www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-51617979)  : 24.02.2021).




45


           // .  URL: https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/686079 ( : 24.02.2021).




46


????? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???. [  ;    c  ?  ..] // ???????.  URL: https://khabarnama.net/blog/2020/07/08/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%9B-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%A8-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AC/?fbclid=IwAR35PpbJcpQFkK0mO2WB7j2ZzTUmdtIvsdh9HE7nBlv7YovQhLEB8j1V6C8 (https://khabarnama.net/blog/2020/07/08/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%9B-%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%A8-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AC/?fbclid=IwAR35PpbJcpQFkK0mO2WB7j2ZzTUmdtIvsdh9HE7nBlv7YovQhLEB8j1V6C8) ( : 25.02.2021).




47


?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????[         ..] //Anadolu Agency.  URL: https://www.aa.com.tr/fa/ ( : 04.12.2020).




48


????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???[            ..] // ????? ?????.  URL: https://da.azadiradio.com/a/30514850.html (https://da.azadiradio.com/a/30514850.html) ( : 04.12.2020).


