 .     ,     ?
 


:   
   ,               .   ,  ,           ,   .      ?  ?

      :        .  ,  ,     ,  ,      .      .                 ,      .

    :

1.   :       -   .

2.  :           .

3.   :     ,      .

4.  :        ,      .

  PDF A4    .





 

 

    ,     ?


 ,   .

 ,    


, 2000  ,   ,   Viking,     ,    .   -       ,    ,  .

 [1 - . Peter Norvig, On Chomsky and the Two Cultures of Statistical Learning, http://norvig.com/chomsky.html.]

      .

 [2 -  ,    ,   :        Brooks, Intelligence Without Representation.]

  .

 [3 -                (Box, Science and Statistics);     ,   ,     Box, Robustness in the Strategy of Scientific Model Building.]


  ..,    , 2026

 .   , 2026







1935, .         ,   .

       .    ,            .    [4 -       .     ,  ,      ,         .      .         ,    ()    Anderson and Rosenfeld, Talking Nets,         McCulloch, The Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch.          Smalheiser, Walter Pitts; Easterling, Walter Pitts Gefter, The Man Who Tried to Redeem the World with Logic.       ,     ,  Heims, John von Neumann and Norbert Wiener The Cybernetics Group, and Conway and Siegelman, Dark Hero of the Information Age.].

       ,    .          .

     ,   ;  ,  ,  1+1=2,   379 [5 -  .,  .  :  3. / . . . , . . . :  , 20052006.].           ,   ,      .

      .    .          [6 -              ; ,   .].

 ,                   .

    ,      ,    ,    .     .


* * *

        ,    .    .         [7 - Anderson and Rosenfeld, Talking Nets.].     .

     ,   ;          ,        .         . ?        ,       .      ,  ?   . ,  ,  .    ,     ,     .        ,    廠[8 - Anderson and Rosenfeld, Talking Nets. ,           (Logische Syntax der Sprache),        (Der logische Aufbau der Welt).].       ,         ,   ,       ?  ,     .

 1941. ,  -      ,          ,          ,   .      .      ,       .   ,      [9 -       , ,     ( ).  :  1941                       ,     . .McCulloch, The Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch, .3536.].        .

        ,   ,      ,     .      :             .           ,          .       :        .   , ,        ,  .

  1940?    ,        ,    ,        () 蠫 ().        , ,   ,   .        :          ,   ,   [10 -         ; .McCulloch, Recollections of the Many Sources of Cybernetics.].

 ,       ,      ,       .      ,  ,       ,      .    ,         ,  , ,  .

        -  .      ,    .

       ,  ,            . ,              ,   ,   ,     廠[11 - - . .,  .   ,     // . 1992. 3, 4. .4053.].

   1943   Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics.   ,       [12 - . Piccinini, The First Computational Theory of Mind and Brain, and Lettvin, Introduction to McCulloch, The Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch.].   ,   1950? ,       ,         , ,       ,       ,     . ,     ,   ,   ,       ,   ,      .    .

  ,        ,  ,    ,    .       ,      ,      ,  ,      [13 -       (     )            101      :     1943. (. Neumann, First Draft of aReport on the EDVAC.  ,       .)               ,   . ,                 ,  .         ,     ,     .      .   ,           ,     .  ,   ,         .,   ,  ,    ,      .   :    ,       ? ,     - ,         ,      ,   ,          . ,    ,     ,     ,    .             (  MarkI  ), ,  ,   ,  .   ,           (GPU),         2000? .].







 2013     Google        ,   軠[14 - Mikolov, Sutskever, and Le, Learning the Meaning Behind Words.].

  :        .             ,    ,          .

 Google   ,     ,     .  ,     ,       ,   .            .

           .  ,  ,    (      )         (     ),   ໠   .

    컠   ,     ,             .

       ,  , Google    Word2Vec         .

        ,      :   ,   .       .            ⻠[15 - Mikolov, Yih, and Zweig, Linguistic Regularities in Continuous Space Word Representations.],      .  Word2vec    ,      .

,    +,   .    +,   .    +  .

  .  Word2vec   ⠫Google    ,         ,       .           ,        .

         .

  2015                Microsoft Research.    ,     Microsoft        Word2vec.

          ,  .     ,    廠[16 -    , 11 2016.].   - .

 :

 +

  :



         ,   ,  .     ,     廠[17 -    , 4 2018.].

    :

 +

 :



  :

 +

   :



       ,       .   :    ,  ?   .


* * *

                ,               .   -   ,           .           Northpointe        Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions,  COMPAS[18 -   2017  Northpointe  CourtView Justice Solutions Constellation Justice Systems.     equivant (  )   - .].   , , -, , , - ,        ,            1 10.

  ,           [19 -        ,    (Desmarais and Singh, Risk Assessment Instruments Validated and Implemented in Correctional Settings in the United States).]. COMPAS       ,    ,  ,     ,    .

 2016  -     ProPublica        COMPAS.     ,  ,           ,    2013 2014 .

   2016,   ProPublica    .      ,   ,     ,      .     :    ,     ,      ?           ?

        . ,  ,              .  ,     .       .         3 10.        10 10.

 2016  ,         .         .

      ,      .            .  ,  ,   ?.         3 10,     8 10.

  2016   ,                     .        .

      .  ,  ,      .     3 10,                   .        ,   . ,    .

  ,     [20 - Angwin et al., Machine Bias.].  ,        :       ,   .     .

   ,     ,   ProPublica 2016       COMPAS      ,     .            ,   ,  ?

            ,       :

  ,  ,            ,    ,   ?

   ,  [21 - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, AConversation with Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr.].


* * *

              (Neural Information Processing Systems conference,  NeurIPS).       ,       2000?       . ( , ,        ,     , 2035      .)[22 -              2017, . https://media.nips.cc/Conferences/NIPS2017/Eventmedia/opening_remarks.pdf.      2019, . https://huyenchip.com/2019/12/18/key-trends-neurips?2019.html]          堫    , 堫       堫     , ,    ,             Word2Vec[23 - Bolukbasi et al., Man Is to Computer Programmer as Woman Is to Homemaker?].

   ,   .

 ,      ,          .  .    ,    .       ,    .        .

  ,   , -,      .   ,   .  ,     .

    ,    Universe.   ,     ,                 .     ,    ,   ?   .

     ,   ,      VPN[24 - VPN (VPN-)   2022.        VPN-      . , -    VPN-      ,    VPN     . . .],  ,   .    ,      ,  ?         .

   ,   :      :  , ,  ? ,  ,  ?[25 -     24 2018.]      ;  堫  .   ,   .      .    ,            .       .

      ,  .

      :  A  B[26 -          On the Folly of Rewarding A, While Hoping for B.].   ,       .     .         ,    , ,       .     ,    : .      ,          ,      .

,  ,  ?      ,  .     ,             ,   .     ,           .   [27 -    Open AI          Clark and Amodei, Faulty Reward Functions in the Wild.].

   , :    ,   .   :        .       ,      ,    .

             Slack.     ,   .    , ,   .   ,          OpenAI -,        .  ?        .

    ,     - ,  ,      ;          ,   ,       ,       .

    ,  ,  , .      .     ,      .                       , ,      ,    .          .


* * *

       .     ,     ,   ,  ,        .

        :    (  )             Word2Vec      ,  , ,   ,    .                  - ,       ,     ,       ,      ,   ,       .        ,     , ,                    .

      ,           .      ,     ,  ,         ,      ,       .

       ,    ,   ,      .                      - .              .     ,      ,          ,    .  ?     XXI            ,   .

              .    ,      ,   .              ,     ,   ?      - ,      ,           ,  ,  , ,   .           ,          , , , , .     .

    ,    ,      ,             ,   .    , ,    ,              .   ,    :        .   ,         ,      .

    ,        ,         .

      ,     ,      -:      ,    ,    ,     ,   , ,      , ,    ,   ,   .

        ,  ,       , ,          ,  ,      ?             .       .

        ,              ,   ,                         .     ,      .  , -      .    ,      ,     ,          .        ,           .       .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=74136731)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


. Peter Norvig, On Chomsky and the Two Cultures of Statistical Learning, http://norvig.com/chomsky.html.




2


 ,    ,   :        Brooks, Intelligence Without Representation.




3


               (Box, Science and Statistics);     ,   ,     Box, Robustness in the Strategy of Scientific Model Building.




4


      .     ,  ,      ,         .      .         ,    ()    Anderson and Rosenfeld, Talking Nets,         McCulloch, The Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch.          Smalheiser, Walter Pitts; Easterling, Walter Pitts Gefter, The Man Who Tried to Redeem the World with Logic.       ,     ,  Heims, John von Neumann and Norbert Wiener The Cybernetics Group, and Conway and Siegelman, Dark Hero of the Information Age.




5


 .,  .  :  3. / . . . , . . . :  , 20052006.




6


             ; ,   .




7


Anderson and Rosenfeld, Talking Nets.




8


Anderson and Rosenfeld, Talking Nets. ,           (Logische Syntax der Sprache),        (Der logische Aufbau der Welt).




9


      , ,     ( ).  :  1941                       ,     . .McCulloch, The Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch, .3536.




10


        ; .McCulloch, Recollections of the Many Sources of Cybernetics.




11


- . .,  .   ,     // . 1992. 3, 4. .4053.




12


. Piccinini, The First Computational Theory of Mind and Brain, and Lettvin, Introduction to McCulloch, The Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch.




13


      (     )            101      :     1943. (. Neumann, First Draft of aReport on the EDVAC.  ,       .)               ,   . ,                 ,  .         ,     ,     .      .   ,           ,     .  ,   ,         .

,   ,  ,    ,      .   :    ,       ? ,     - ,         ,      ,   ,          . ,    ,     ,     ,    .             (  MarkI  ), ,  ,   ,  .   ,           (GPU),         2000? .




14


Mikolov, Sutskever, and Le, Learning the Meaning Behind Words.




15


Mikolov, Yih, and Zweig, Linguistic Regularities in Continuous Space Word Representations.




16


   , 11 2016.




17


   , 4 2018.




18


  2017  Northpointe  CourtView Justice Solutions Constellation Justice Systems.     equivant (  )   - .




19


       ,    (Desmarais and Singh, Risk Assessment Instruments Validated and Implemented in Correctional Settings in the United States).




20


Angwin et al., Machine Bias.




21


Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, AConversation with Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr.




22


             2017, . https://media.nips.cc/Conferences/NIPS2017/Eventmedia/opening_remarks.pdf.      2019, . https://huyenchip.com/2019/12/18/key-trends-neurips?2019.html




23


Bolukbasi et al., Man Is to Computer Programmer as Woman Is to Homemaker?




24


VPN (VPN-)   2022.        VPN-      . , -    VPN-      ,    VPN     . . .




25


    24 2018.




26


         On the Folly of Rewarding A, While Hoping for B.




27


   Open AI          Clark and Amodei, Faulty Reward Functions in the Wild.


