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  .., 2026.



Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin   

The Captain's Daughter  



Take care of your honor from a young age.   .

Proverb 



Chapter I  I

Sergeant of the Guard  

 If he were a guard captain tomorrow, he would be.        .

- That is not necessary; let him serve in the army.    ;    .

- Well said!   ! Let him grieve...   

Who is his father?    ? Knyazhnin 



My father, Andrei Petrovich Grinev, served under Count Minich in his youth and retired as a premier major in 17**.                 -  17** . From then on he lived in his Simbirsk village, where he married a young woman, Avdotya Vasilyevna Yu, the daughter of a poor local nobleman.         ,        ,    . There were nine of us children.     . All my brothers and sisters died in infancy.        .

While my mother was still pregnant with me, I was already enrolled in the Semenovsky Regiment as a sergeant, by the grace of Major of the Guards Prince B.     ,         ,      ., our close relative. ,   . If, contrary to all expectations, my mother had given birth to a daughter, then my father would have reported the death of the absent sergeant to the proper authorities, and that would have been the end of the matter.        ,          ,      . I was considered on leave until I finished my studies.       . At that time, we were not brought up like today.       -. From the age of five, I was given into the hands of the groom Savelich, who was granted the title of uncle for my sober behavior.          ,       . Under his supervision, in my twelfth year, I learned to read and write Russian and could very sensibly judge the qualities of a greyhound.                  . At that time, my father hired for me a Frenchman, Monsieur Beaupr, who was brought from Moscow together with a year's supply of wine and Provencal oil.        ,  ,            . Savelich was very displeased with his arrival.      . Thank God, he grumbled to himself, it seems the child has been washed, combed, and fed.  ,     ,  ,  , , . What a waste of extra money and hiring a monsieur, as if we didnt have our own people!         ,       ! 

Beaupr was a barber in his homeland, then a soldier in Prussia, then he came to Russia pour etre outchitel, not really understanding the meaning of this word.      ,    ,     pour etre outchitel,      . He was a good fellow, but frivolous and dissolute to the extreme.    ,      . His main weakness was a passion for the fair sex; Often, for his tenderness, he received pushes from which he groaned for whole days.        ;       ,      . Moreover, he was not (in his own words) an enemy of the bottle, i.e.       (  )  ,. . (speaking in Russian) he liked to drink too much. ( -)   . But since wine was served at our place only at dinner, and then by the glass, and the teachers usually passed around, my Beaupr very soon got used to Russian liqueur and even began to prefer it to the wines of his homeland, as much more beneficial for the stomach.         ,    ,     ,                 ,        . We immediately got along, and although according to the contract he was obliged to teach me French, German and all the sciences, he preferred to quickly learn from me how to chat somehow in Russian, - and then each of us was already busy with our own business.   ,         -, -   ,       -  -,          . We lived in perfect harmony.     . I have never had another mentor I wished.      . But soon fate separated us, and for this reason:     ,     :

The laundress Palashka, a fat and pockmarked girl, and the one-eyed cowherd Akulka somehow agreed to throw themselves at mothers feet at the same time, blaming themselves for their criminal weakness and tearfully complaining about Monsieur, who had seduced their inexperience.  ,    ,     -        ,          ,   . Mother did not like to joke about this and complained to Father.        . His reprisal was short.     . He immediately demanded the scoundrel Frenchman.     . They reported that Monsieur was giving me his lesson. ,      . Father went into my room.     . At this time Beaupr was sleeping on the bed in the sleep of innocence.         . I was busy with business.    . You should know that a geographical map had been ordered from Moscow for me.  ,         . It hung on the wall without any use and had long tempted me with the width and goodness of the paper.               . I decided to make a map out of it. snake and, taking advantage of Beauprs sleep, set to work.       ,   ,   . Father came in at the very time when I was adjusting the bast tail to the Cape of Good Hope.      ,         . Seeing my exercises in geography, Father pulled me by the ear, then ran to Beaupr, woke him up very carelessly and began to shower him with reproaches.     ,     ,    ,        . Beaupr, in confusion, wanted to get up but could not: the unfortunate Frenchman was dead drunk.         :     . Seven troubles, one answer.  ,  . Father lifted him from the bed by the collar, pushed him out of the door and that same day drove him out of the yard, to the indescribable joy of Savelich.       ,           ,    . And so ended my education.     .

I lived as a minor, chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.   ,         . Meanwhile, I turned sixteen.      . Then my fate changed.    .

One autumn day my mother was making honey jam in the drawing-room, and I, licking my lips, looked at the bubbling foam.        ,  , ,    . Father was reading the Court Calendar, which he received annually, by the window.      ,   . This book always had a strong influence on him: he never reread it without special participation, and this reading always produced in him an amazing excitement of bile.        :        ,          . Mother, who knew all his habits and customs by heart, always tried to shove the unfortunate book as far away as possible, and thus the Court Calendar did not catch his eye sometimes for whole months. ,       ,        ,              . But when he accidentally found it, he would not let it out of his hands for whole hours.      , , ,         . So, Father read the Court Calendar, occasionally shrugging his shoulders and repeating in a low voice: Lieutenant General! ,    ,      : -!. .. . He is in my company was a sergeant!       !. .. . A holder of both Russian orders!    !. .. . And how long ago have we Finally, the priest threw the calendar on the sofa and sank into a thoughtfulness that did not bode well.              ,    .

Suddenly he turned to his mother: Avdotya Vasilyevna, how old is Petrusha?     :  ,    ?

Well, hes already turned seventeen, answered his mother.       ,   . Petrushka was born the same year that Aunt Nastasya Gerasimovna went blind, and when else        ,     ,   

Okay, interrupted the priest, its time for him to go to work. ,   ,     . Hes had enough of running around the girls rooms and climbing into the dovecotes.         .

The thought of my imminent separation so struck my mother that she dropped her spoon into the saucepan and tears streamed down her face.         ,      ,      . On the contrary, it is difficult to describe my delight.  ,    . The thought of service merged in me with thoughts of freedom, of the pleasures of St. Petersburg life.          ,    . I imagined myself as an officer of the guards, which, in my opinion, was the height of human well-being.     , ,   ,    .

Father did not like to change his plans or postpone their implementation.       ,    . The day of my departure was set.     . The day before, Father announced that he intended to write with me to my future boss, and demanded a pen and paper.   ,         ,     .

Dont forget, Andrei Petrovich, said mother, to send my regards to Prince B; I hope, you see, that he will not abandon Petrusha with his favors.   ,  ,   ,       ; , , ,       .

What nonsense!    !  answered the priest, frowning.     .  Why should I write to Prince B?           ?

- But you said that you would like to write to Petrushas boss?     ,      ?

- Well, what's there?  ,   ?

- But the chief of Petrushin is Prince B.        . After all, Petrushin is enrolled in the Semenovsky Regiment.      .

 Hes registered!  ! And what do I care that hes registered?    ,   ? Petrusha wont go to Petersburg.     . What will he learn serving in Petersburg?   ,   ? To spend money and be a rake?   ? No, let him serve in the army, and pull the strap, and smell gunpowder, and let him be a soldier, and not a chamaton. ,     ,   ,   ,   ,   . Hes registered in the guards!   ! Where is his passport?   ? Give it here.   .

My parents blessed me.    .

Mother found my passport, which was kept in her box along with the shirt in which I was baptized, and handed it to Father with a trembling hand.    ,       ,    ,      . Father read it attentively, placed it on the table in front of him and began his letter.     ,         .

I was tormented by curiosity: where were they sending me, if not to Petersburg?   :    ,     ? I did not take my eyes off my fathers pen, which moved rather slowly.       ,    . Finally, he finished, sealed the letter in the same package with the passport, took off his glasses and, calling me, said: Here is a letter for you to Andrei Karlovich R, my old comrade and friend.   ,       ,   ,  , :       ,     . You are going to Orenburg to serve under his command.        .

So, all my brilliant hopes were destroyed! ,     ! Instead of the cheerful Petersburg life, garrison boredom awaited me in a remote and remote area.             . The service, which I had thought about with such delight for a minute, seemed to me a grievous misfortune. ,         ,    . But there was nothing to argue about.    . The next morning a traveling kibitka was brought to the porch; they packed into it a suitcase, a cellar with tea utensils and bundles of rolls and pies, the last signs of domestic pampering.          ;    ,          ,    . My parents blessed me.    . Father said to me: Farewell, Peter.   : , . Serve faithfully, to whom you swear allegiance; obey your superiors; do not chase after their favor; do not ask to serve; do not make excuses from service; and remember the proverb: take care of your clothes from the beginning, and your honor from your youth.  ,  ;  ;     ;    ;    ;   :   ,   . Mother, in tears, told me to take care of my health, and Savelich to look after the child.        ,     . They dressed me in a hare sheepskin coat, and on top of that a fox fur coat.     ,    . I got into the kibitka with Savelich and set off on the road, shedding tears.          ,  .

That same night I arrived in Simbirsk, where I had to stay for a day to buy the necessary things, which was entrusted to Savelich.        ,         ,     . I stayed at a tavern.    . Savelich went to the shops in the morning.      . Bored of looking out the window at the dirty alley, I went to wander through all the rooms.       ,      . Entering the billiard room, I saw a tall gentleman of about thirty-five years old, with a long black mustache, in a dressing gown, with a cue in his hand and a pipe in his teeth.   ,       ,    ,  ,         . He was playing with a marker, who, when he won, drank a glass of vodka, and when he lost, had to crawl under the billiards on all fours.    ,      ,          . I began to watch their game.      . The longer it went on, the more frequent the walks on all fours became, until finally the marker remained under billiards.    ,      ,      . The master pronounced several strong expressions over him in the form of a funeral oration and invited me to play a game.                . I refused because of my lack of skill.    . This seemed strange to him, apparently.   , -, . He looked at me as if with regret; however, we got to talking.        ;   . I learned that his name was Ivan Ivanovich Zurin, that he was a captain in the *** hussar regiment and was in Simbirsk receiving recruits, and was staying in a tavern.  ,      ,    ***         ,    . Zurin invited me to dine with him, as God sent, like a soldier.          , -. I readily agreed.    . We sat down at the table.    . Zurin drank a lot and treated me too, saying that it was necessary to get used to service; He told me army jokes that made me almost fall over laughing, and we left the table as perfect friends.       , ,     ;     ,        ,   -   . Then he offered to teach me to play billiards.        . This, he said, is necessary for our brother soldiers. ,   ,      . On a campaign, for example, you come to a small town - what should you do?  , ,       ? After all, you cant just beat Jews.      . Youll inevitably go to a tavern and start playing billiards; and for that you need to know how to play!         ;      !" I was completely convinced and set about learning with great diligence.            . Zurin loudly encouraged me, marveled at my rapid progress and, after a few lessons, suggested that I play for money, one groat at a time, not to win, but just so as not to play for free, which, according to him, is the worst habit.    ,     ,   ,    ,   ,   ,  ,     , ,   ,   . I agreed to that, and Zurin ordered punch to be served and persuaded me to try it, repeating that I needed to get used to service; and without punch, what is service!     ,        , ,      ;      ! I obeyed him.   . Meanwhile, our game continued.     . The more often I sipped from my glass, the more courageous I became.       ,   . The balls were flying over the side of my glass every minute; I got excited, scolded the marker, who was counting God knows how, hour by hour he was increasing the game, in a word, I behaved like a boy who had broken free.       ;  ,  ,     ,     ,      ,   . Meanwhile, time passed unnoticed.     . Zurin looked at his watch, put down his cue and announced to me that I had lost a hundred rubles.    ,     ,     . This embarrassed me a little.    . Savelich had my money.     . I began to apologize.   . Zurin interrupted me: Have mercy!   : ! Dont bother worrying.    . I can wait, but for now well go to Arinushkas.    ,     .

What do you order?  ? I ended the day as dissolutely as I began it.      ,   . We dined at Arinushka's.    . Zurin kept pouring me more drink, repeating that I needed to get used to the service.    , ,     . When I got up from the table, I could barely stand on my feet; at midnight Zurin took me to the tavern.  - ,     ;       .

Savelich met us on the porch.     . He gasped, seeing the unmistakable signs of my zeal for service.  ,       . What has happened to you, sir?  , ,   ? he said in a pitiful voice, Where did you get this?      ,     ? Oh, my God!  ! Ive never committed such a sin in my life!     ! Shut up, you bastard!   , ! I answered him hesitantly, youre probably drunk, go to bed and put me to bed.     , ,  , , ,     .

The next day I woke up with a headache, vaguely recalling yesterday's events.        ,     . My thoughts were interrupted by Savelich, who came in to me with a cup of tea.     ,      . Its early, Pyotr Andreevich, he said to me, shaking his head, its early for you to start walking around. ,  ,    ,  ,    . And who do you take after?     ? It seems that neither my father nor my grandfather were drunkards; There's nothing to say about mother: from birth, she never deigned to put anything in her mouth except kvass. ,  ,     ;     : ,  ,      . And who is to blame for all this?    ? The damned monsieur.  . Every now and then, he would run to Antipyevna: "Madam, vouch for it, vodka-ku."   , ,   : ,   , -. So much for vouch for it!      ! There's nothing to say: he taught me good, the son of a dog.  :  ,  . And it was necessary to hire an infidel as an uncle, as if the master no longer had his own people!       ,         !" 




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   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/aleksandr-pushkin-34072227/kapitanskaia-dochka-anglo-russkaia-bilingva-74485012/)  .

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