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  .., 2026.



Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin   

Dubrovsky 



Chapter I  I

Several years ago, an old Russian gentleman, Kirila Petrovich Troekurov, lived on one of his estates.             ,   . His wealth, noble family, and connections gave him great influence in the provinces where his estate was located.  ,          ,    . His neighbors were happy to indulge his slightest whims; provincial officials trembled at his name; Kirila Petrovich accepted signs of servility as due tribute; His house was always full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness, sharing his noisy, and sometimes even wild, amusements.       ;      ;        ;      ,     ,  ,      . No one dared to refuse his invitation or, on certain days, not to appear with due respect in the village of Pokrovskoye.                   . In his domestic life, Kirila Petrovich displayed all the vices of an uneducated man.          . Spoiled by everything that surrounded him, he was accustomed to giving full rein to all the impulses of his ardent disposition and all the ventures of his rather limited mind.  ,    ,                . Despite the extraordinary strength of his physical abilities, he suffered from gluttony twice a week and was tipsy every evening.      ,             . In one of the outbuildings of his house, 16 maids lived, doing handicrafts characteristic of their sex.        16 ,  ,   . The windows in the outbuilding were blocked by a wooden lattice; The doors were locked with locks, the keys to which were kept by Kirila Petrovich.       ;   ,       . The young recluses went into the garden at the appointed hours and walked under the supervision of two old women.              . From time to time, Kirila Petrovich married some of them, and new ones came in their place.           ,      . He treated the peasants and servants strictly and willfully; despite this, they were devoted to him: they were vain about the wealth and glory of their master and, in turn, allowed themselves a lot in relation to their neighbors, hoping for his strong patronage.         ;   ,    :                   ,     .

Troekurovs constant activities consisted of traveling around his vast estates, long feasts and pranks, which were invented daily and the victim of which was usually some new acquaintance; although old friends did not always avoid them, with the exception of one Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky.          ,      ,         -  ;              . This Dubrovsky, a retired lieutenant of the guard, was his closest neighbor and owned seventy souls.  ,   ,        . Troekurov, arrogant in relations with people of the highest rank, respected Dubrovsky, despite his humble state. ,        ,  ,     . They had once been comrades in service, and Troekurov knew from experience the impatience and decisiveness of his character.      ,          . Circumstances separated them for a long time.    . Dubrovsky, in an upset state, was forced to retire and settle in the rest of his village.               . Kirila Petrovich, having learned of this, offered him his patronage, but Dubrovsky thanked him and remained poor and independent.  ,   ,    ,         . Several years later, Troekurov, a retired general-in-chief, came to his estate, they they met and were glad to see each other.    ,  -,    ,      . From then on they were together every day, and Kirila Petrovich, who had never honored anyone with his visit since his birth, would often stop by the house of his old friend.        ,   ,      ,       . Being the same age, born in the same class, brought up in the same way, they were partly similar in character and inclinations.  ,    ,  ,         . In some respects, their fate was the same: both married for love, both were soon widowed, both were left with a child.        :    ,   ,     . Dubrovskys son was brought up in St. Petersburg, Kirila Petrovichs daughter grew up in the eyes of her parent, and Troekurov often said to Dubrovsky: Listen, brother, Andrei Gavrilovich: if your Volodka has a way, then I will give Masha for him; even though he is as penniless as a falcon.     ,       ,     : , ,  :      ,     ;      . Andrei Gavrilovich shook his head and usually answered: No, Kirila Petrovich: my Volodka is not Maria Kirilovnas fianc.       : ,  :      . It is better for a poor nobleman, such as he, to marry a poor noblewoman and be the head of the house than to become a clerk for a spoiled woman.  ,  ,     ,     ,     .

Everyone envied the harmony that reigned between the arrogant Troekurov and his poor neighbor, and marveled at the latter's boldness when, at Kirila Petrovich's table, he directly expressed his opinion, not caring whether it contradicted the host's opinion.   ,        ,     ,           ,    ,     . Some tried to imitate him and go beyond the limits of due obedience, but Kirila Petrovich frightened them so much that he forever discouraged them from such attempts, and Dubrovsky alone remained outside the general law.           ,      ,         ,       . An unexpected incident upset and changed everything.      .

One day at the beginning of autumn, Kirila Petrovich was getting ready to go out to the field.          . The day before, an order had been given to the hound handlers and grooms to be ready by five o'clock in the morning.             . The tent and kitchen were sent ahead to the place where Kirila Petrovich was to dine.        ,      . The host and guests went to the kennel yard, where more than five hundred hounds and greyhounds lived in comfort and warmth, praising the generosity of Kirila Petrovich in their dog language.       ,           ,        . There was also an infirmary for sick dogs, under the supervision of staff doctor Timoshka, and a department where noble bitches whelped and fed their puppies.        ,   - ,  ,        . Kirila Petrovich was proud of this wonderful establishment and never missed an opportunity to boast about it to his guests, each of whom had already inspected it for at least the twentieth time.                ,            . He walked around kennel, surrounded by his guests and accompanied by Timoshka and the head huntsmen; he stopped in front of some of the kennels, sometimes asking about the health of the sick, sometimes making more or less strict and fair comments, sometimes calling familiar dogs to him and talking to them affectionately.    ,         ;    ,     ,         ,           . The guests considered it their duty to admire Kiril Petrovich's kennel.       . Only Dubrovsky was silent and frowned.     . He was an ardent hunter.    . His condition allowed him to keep only two hounds and one pack of greyhounds; He could not help but feel a little envious at the sight of this magnificent establishment.            ;            . Why are you frowning, brother? Kirila Petrovich asked him, or dont you like my kennel?    , ,     ,       ? No, he answered sternly, the kennel is wonderful, your peoples life is hardly the same as your dogs.   ,    ,   ,      ,   . One of the kennelmen was offended.    . We dont complain about our life, he said, thanks to God and the master, and whats true is true, even a nobleman would do well to exchange his estate for any kennel here.    ,   ,       ,   ,  ,            . He would be better fed and warmer.       . Kirila Petrovich laughed loudly at the impudent remark of his serf, and the guests laughed after him, although they felt that the kennelmans joke could have applied to them as well.         ,      ,   ,        . Dubrovsky turned pale and did not say a word.       . At that time, they brought newborn puppies to Kiril Petrovich in a basket; he took care of them, chose two for himself, and ordered the others to be drowned.          ;   ,   ,   . Meanwhile, Andrei Gavrilovich disappeared, and no one noticed.     ,     .

The guests considered it their duty to admire Kiril Petrovichs kennel.       . Only Dubrovsky was silent and frowned.     .

Returning with the guests from the kennel yard, Kirila Petrovich sat down to supper and only then, not seeing Dubrovsky, missed him.      ,       ,   ,   . The people answered that Andrei Gavrilovich had gone home.  ,     . Troekurov ordered that he be immediately caught up with and brought back without fail.        . He had never gone hunting without Dubrovsky, an experienced and subtle connoisseur of hound qualities and an infallible resolver of all kinds of hunting disputes.        ,            . The servant who had galloped after him returned while they were still sitting at the table and reported to his master that, they say, Andrei Gavrilovich had disobeyed and did not want to return. ,   , ,    ,    , , ,        . Kirila Petrovich, flushed with liqueurs as usual, became angry and sent the same servant a second time to tell Andrei Gavrilovich that if he did not immediately come and spend the night in Pokrovskoe, then he, Troekurov, will quarrel with him forever.  ,     ,          ,          ,  , ,    . The servant galloped off again, Kirila Petrovich, getting up from the table, dismissed the guests and went to bed.   ,  ,  - ,     .

The next day his first question was: is Andrei Gavrilovich here?       :    ? Instead of an answer, he was given a letter folded into a triangle; Kirila Petrovich ordered his clerk to read it aloud and heard the following:     ,  ;           :

My most gracious sovereign,   ,

I do not intend to go to Pokrovskoye until you send me the huntsman Paramoshka with a confession; and it will be my choice to punish him or pardon him, but I do not intend to tolerate jokes from your serfs, and I will not tolerate them from you either, because I am not a jester, but an old nobleman.         ,         ;        ,         ,       ,     ,   . For this, I remain at your service, Andrei Dubrovsky."       .

According to today's notions of etiquette, this letter would be quite indecent, but it angered Kiril Petrovich not by its strange style and arrangement, but only by its essence: How, thundered Troekurov, jumping out of bed barefoot, send my people to him with a confession, he is free to pardon them, punish them!           ,          ,    : ,   ,    ,        ,    , ! But what is he really planning; does he even know with whom he is getting involved?       ;    ,   ? Well, Ill tell him... Hell cry to me, hell find out what its like to go against Troekurov!        , ,    ! 

Kirila Petrovich dressed and went hunting with his usual pomp, but the hunt was a failure.           ,    . All day long they saw only one hare, and that was hunted down.          . Dinner in the field under a tent also failed, or at least was not to the taste of Kirila Petrovich, who beat the cook, scolded the guests, and on the way back, with all his enthusiasm, deliberately rode through the fields of Dubrovsky.        ,          ,   ,              .

Several days passed, and the enmity between the two neighbors did not subside.   ,       . Andrei Gavrilovich did not return to Pokrovskoye - Kirila Petrovich missed him, and his annoyance loudly poured out in the most offensive expressions, which, thanks to the zeal of the local nobles, reached Dubrovsky corrected and supplemented.            ,         , ,    ,      . The new circumstance destroyed the last hope for reconciliation.        .

Kirila Petrovich got dressed and went out hunting with his usual pomp, but the hunt was unsuccessful.           ,    . All day long they saw only one hare, and that one was hunted down.          .

Dubrovsky was once riding around his small estate; As he approached the birch grove, he heard the blows of an axe and a minute later the crash of a fallen tree.      ;    ,          . He hurried into the grove and ran into the Pokrovsky peasants who were calmly stealing his timber.         ,     . Seeing him, they started to run away.  ,    . Dubrovsky and his coachman caught two of them and brought them tied up to his yard.                . Three enemy horses immediately became the spoils of the victor.         . Dubrovsky was extremely angry; never before had Troekurovs men, known robbers, dared to misbehave within the boundaries of his domain, knowing his friendly relationship with their master.    ,     , ,       ,       . Dubrovsky saw that they were now taking advantage of the break that had occurred, and decided, contrary to all notions of the law of war, to teach his captives a lesson with the rods they had stocked up with in his grove, and to give the horses into work, assigned to the master's cattle.  ,     ,   ,      ,    ,       ,     ,    .

The rumor of this incident reached Kiril Petrovich that same day.            . He lost his temper and in the first moment of anger wanted to attack Kistenevka (that was the name of his neighbor's village) with all his servants, to raze it to the ground and besiege the landowner himself in his estate.                    (    ),          . Such exploits were nothing new to him.       . But his thoughts soon took a different direction.       .

Walking heavily back and forth across the hall, he glanced casually out the window and saw a troika stopped at the gate; a small man in a leather cap and frieze overcoat got out of the cart and went into the outbuilding to see the clerk; Troekurov recognized the assessor Shabashkin and ordered him to be called.        ,           ;                 ;        . A minute later, Shabashkin was already standing before Kiril Petrovich, bowing repeatedly and reverently awaiting his orders.        ,          .

Hello, whats your name? Troekurov said to him. Why have you come?  , , ,  ,    ,   ?

I was on my way to the city, Your Excellency, answered Shabashkin, and stopped by to see Ivan Demyanov to find out if there were any orders from Your Excellency.     ,  ,   ,       ,        .

- You dropped by at just the right time, what's your name? I need you.    , , ,  ;    . Drink some vodka and listen.    .

Such a kind reception pleasantly surprised the assessor.      . He refused the vodka and began to listen to Kiril Petrovich with all possible attention.            .

I have a neighbor, said Troekurov, a small landowner who is a boor; I want to take his estate from him. What do you think about that?     ,   ,   ;      ,      ?

 Your Excellency, if there are any documents or   ,   -  

- You're lying, brother, what documents do you need?  , ,   . That's what the decrees are for.   . That's the whole point, to take away an estate without any right.  -  ,      . Wait a minute, though. ,  . This estate once belonged to us, it was bought from a certain Spitsyn and then sold to Dubrovsky's father.     ,    -      . Is there anything to find fault with that?     ?

Its strange, Your Excellency; this sale was probably carried out legally.  ,  ; ,     .

- Think about it, brother, look carefully.  , ,  .

 If, for example, your Excellency could somehow obtain from your neighbor a deed or a bill of sale by virtue of which he owns his estate, then of course...   , ,              ,       ,  

I understand, but heres the problem: all his papers burned in the fire.  ,            .

- How, your Excellency, his papers burned!  ,  ,   ! What would you prefer?    ? - In that case, please act according to the laws, and without any doubt you will receive your complete satisfaction.         ,        .

- Do you think so?   ? Well, look. ,  . I rely on your diligence, and you can be sure of my gratitude.     ,       .

Shabashkin bowed almost to the ground, went out, and from that very day began to fuss about the planned matter, and, thanks to his agility, exactly two weeks later Dubrovsky received an invitation from the city to immediately provide the appropriate explanations regarding his ownership of the village of Kistenevka.     ,  ,         , ,   ,                  .

Andrei Gavrilovich, astonished by the unexpected request, wrote back that same day with a rather rude letter, in which he declared that the village of Kistenevka had come to him upon the death of his late parent, that he owned it by right of inheritance, that Troekurov had nothing to do with it, and that any outside claim to this property of his was slander and fraud.  ,   ,          ,    ,          ,       ,                    .

This letter made a very pleasant impression on the soul of assessor Shabashkin.          . He saw, firstly, that Dubrovsky knew little about business, and secondly, that it would not be difficult to put such a hot-tempered and imprudent man in a very disadvantageous position.  , -,       , -,            .

Andrei Gavrilovich, having coolly considered the assessor's requests, saw the need to respond in more detail.  ,    ,    . He wrote a rather sensible paper, but later it turned out that there was insufficient time.     ,     .

The case began to drag on.   . Andrei Gavrilovich, confident in his own rightness, cared little about it, had neither the desire nor the opportunity to shower money on him, and although he was always the first to mock the venal conscience of the inky tribe, the thought of becoming a victim of slander did not occur to him.          ,    ,      ,   , ,        ,          . For his part, Troekurov cared just as little about winning the case he had started - Shabashkin was interceding for him, acting on his behalf, intimidating and bribing judges and interpreting crookedly and indeed all sorts of decrees.   ,          ,     ,    ,           . Be that as it may, on the 18th     , 18.. . of the year, on the 9th day of February, Dubrovsky received through the city police an invitation to appear before the *** zemstvo judge to hear the decision of the same in the case of a disputed estate between him, Lieutenant Dubrovsky, and the general-in-chief Troekurov, and to sign his pleasure or displeasure. ,  9 ,         ***            ,  ,  - ,       . That same day, Dubrovsky went to the city; Troekurov overtook him on the road.        ;     . They looked proudly at each other, and Dubrovsky noticed an evil smile on the face of his opponent.      ,         .




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   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/aleksandr-pushkin-34072227/dubrovskii-anglo-russkaia-bilingva-74521667/)  .

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