  . 20   Sun Microsystems   
 


      .      ,    .    20   Sun Microsystems     ,  ,   SPARC, Java,  , ,  Cray,    ,      .     ,     ,       ,  ,     .  ,       ,            ?   .        .       ChatGPT





 

  . 20   Sun Microsystems   








 2016     ,          -  ,         .       . ,          -        (John Hennessy)    (Dave Patterson)     ,      ,        .      .

    ,                    .   70-            ,       ,    .            ,    .        .

     ,   .      .     ? ,     -,  ,           .        ,           .     -      .

, ,       .       ,   ,      .

       .      .             .        . ,        . ,    ,    .     ,    .    .

       .     ,  ,     20    Sun Microsystems.       ,       .  90-  Sun     Google  Apple     .     1982    (Andy Bechtolsheim),   (Bill Joy),   (Scott McNealy)    (Vinod Khosla).      ,    . ,  90- ,        ,  IBM, Digital Equipment Corporation  Hewlett-Packard.     90-         .com.    Sun     .       1988 ,   ,   Sun    .

     Sun     ,     .       Sun,     ,     ,             .      ,     -       ,  ,      .           , , ,              .           ,   ,    ,       .

   ,       ,   .




   Shengyang





 


   1980          ,         IBM Watson,    Texas Instruments,  HP, National Semiconductor,      TRW Array Processor.    TRW.

   IBM, Texas Instruments  HP       .  IBM. ,     IBM          .     , IBM          (-)     ,    F-1,    18-  .(   IBM   ,    ,           IBM.  ,  ,         , IBM      ,                .)

  IBM,           ,    ,           .    IBM   .

  ,                TRW.  ,    ,  .      ,    . ,       .         .         ,            .     HP  National Semiconductor    .  TRW Array Processors         ,     .

     .         - . ,     ,     ,  ,      Texas Instruments,       38   .   ,   ,    .TRW Array Processor   ,    TRW.       .        . Ÿ     (  ?)   .   , ,       -.       ,       ,    .           .       .

            . ,  ,       TRW,   ,           !      ,        .

 , 1  1980 ,               TRW, -    ,          -,  TRW      .        ,   ,           ,           .

,   ,          ,        . -           ,       .       ,           ,      .  ,    ,  ,         . -,       - TRW,     ,    .

  1982  TRW         ESL,   , . ESL  ,         .  ,    ,         .      ,    ,     -  . ,      ,     .   .      ,  , ,   .

    ,            Sun Microsystems,   -  . ,               ,        .     .




    IBM


    ,           IBM.  1960-  1970-  IBM      .  -     ,    IBM   ,    -   .

    . ,      ,          IBM  - ,  ,  .    IBM  -    ,    .    ,          ,    , IBM            ,      .      .     .         .

        TRW     ESL       .     ,      ,   TRW     ,      .              (   )(Very Large Instruction Word;  VLIW).      (Polycyclic Architecture).

 ,         ,          .          -      -- (Sand Hill Road)  -, .(     ,   ,    .  --  -,  ,     .          .)

         ,               .       .

      .   ,       (Gordon Bell)      -.    ,  .   ,     , ,  ,     .  ,   . ,     .    !            ,      .  ,  ,          200 000      ,       .

   UNIX  5  American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T)        .       ,       .    UNIX,   ,     ,       Hew.   ,     VLIW      .            (Ross Towle).   1984        -   Axiom.

       ,             Cydrome.   50 000       -   Name Lab. ,               (Exxon).       .  ,      ,  . ,  ,    .  Name Lab    Cydrome,  ,        .      .         .    ,     -   .




 


     600 000            ,     ,      -.

      -   .  - VAX-11/780  Data Equipment      250 000  .           .       Cray-1   1   ,      .              .     ,    TRW       . TRW  VAX-11/780     .     780    ,    AP-120B  Floating Point Systems       .    ,  TRW     .      ,       .

SaiZhong    -,     .   Convex  Alliant         .        - .        ,   ,   Cray,      .   1983  1989        .

,     ,         ,   ,         . ,   80-,  Data Equipment Corporation (DEC)       VAX-11/780.       DEC.                    ,  ,   ,        -   ,   IBM          .        DEC    .

   ,      ,    1987      .          Fairchild  Motorola,     (gate arrays).           ,       . -     19        20  20 .       ,      500 000  .  ,         ,      .

 --,        ,     ,      (Central Processing Unit,  CPU)   80- .         (Complicated Instruction Set, )           ,             (memory)     .

 1986     ,        (Reduced Instruction Set Computing, RISC).     ,       ,  RISC      .      .  ,    .         LOAD  STORE.        .        .     .

 1986   RISC   SPARC,    (Dave Patterson)     ,  MIPS,    (John Hennessy)   .ARM,        ,      .  Sun Microsystems      SPARC,  Silicon Graphics  MIPS     .

  1987 ,   ,  -,  Saizhong,    ,   Sun Microsystems  Silicon Graphics,       (10    ),     .  ,       ,   20    .      ,                      ,   .   ,   ,   500600           -,     1020   Sun  Silicon Graphics     .     ,             .

   ,  -   ,  . ,   -,       .  ,   ,      ,        .

 ,     ,          .   1988       .       ,       .        Cydra-5. ,   . ,  ,  ,     .           .  ,      ,         !

 1988   Saizhong,        50   ,     150 .  , -    -   ,  Prime Computers,    .    128   , Prime Computers        -.        Saizhong     Cydra-5        .       ,   ,   Saizhong,    .   1988    (CEO) Prime Computers   Cydra      .     Prime Computers      ,      Cydra   -.    ,  ,        .       .         ,   ,        ,   .

          .        .             1988 .  HP  50 000        ,      ,     ,     .        HP     .

  1989   -   . ,           .   ,        -,  Compath  Eyrient     ,            .




  Sun Microsystems


  SaiZhong ,    .      .  -    - .     ,      ,          !      ? - SaiZhong           20  20 .        Sun,      (pizza box)         ?

     :     ,   !       .     -    SGI  -     Sun.    .

           (Howard Lee), -    SGI.   ,          85  --  ,  ,     ,      - Porsche 914.     .      .

   Sun Microsystems   .  ,   Sun Microsystems       .                  (Ken Okin),      ,   .  Sun Microsystems       (    ),       -      .

   SGI     .         Sun.      ,      ,    Sun  SGI.     -         .       SGI ,   ,     Sun.    .  ,       .     ,               Sun.  ,     .

18  1988        Sun Microsystems.




     


    ,  ,                ,     .   ,   .  :       1     !

         ,     .       - .              .        :     ,   .   Sun          .      ,    Sun,   ,         .          , Sun              .       ,    , ,       .

,           .               . Sun   ,        .       ,    ,       . Sun      .  ,    .

             Sun,   ,      M-bus.         .      ,         Saizhong (  Aixon)    - Saizhong,      A-bus.

    ,       ,  ,       , ,                    ,   - (cache).      ,     - (  ,   ),  ,  .      :     (,  ,     )   -     (   ).             ,       .           .

  SPARC  Sun           (gate array)   Fujitsu.    SPARC, -              ,     .       ,   -           ,      , Sun       SPARC.

  ,             .      :     SPARC     ?

     SPARC.                .  ,   ,     ,      .       .




 Sunburst



 Sun         .    ,  Sun    .   ,       ,      .       ,      ,    ,   ,   ,      ,        .          (  )    .  ,    ,    .(         .)      Sun,   -     ,   ,         .  :        (   )    (   ).    Sun   ,     ,    (desktop),     ,      (deskside).

  1989    Sun    ,   Sunburst.              SunUp,        ECL,   BIT  .   ECL               .     TTL,   -,      (), ECL   ,          .       Sun Microsystems         Sunburst,     ,   SunUp,         TTL/CMOS.     ,           SunUp,    .

      ,         -     (Len Hughes).      .        ,      .

      M-bus.  ,     ,     - (        ),    ,  ,   ,   . ,       ,               ,         ,      .

          .

   Sunburst    .    .     ,      Sunburst,     (Bernie Lacroute)  - Sun Microsystems,            .   ,                  21 ,       .        , ,           ,   ,  ,      ,  ,   . ,    , ,         .   ,          ,               .             .




 


  ,            Sunburst      ,       ,          ,    .        ,    .            .  Sunburst          .      ,   .

             Sunburst,    ,         .   :  (  ),      .   .

   .      :   Sun Microsystems     ,    !       ,       .   ,          ,     . ,      ,  Sun Microsystems,    ,   ,    .




 


     ,      ,     .        (  )  SunUp,     .            ,   LSI Logic.         ,      SaiZhong,     LSI Logic  .            ,      LSI.  LSI Logic,      ,   ,    :  SunUp  LSI Logic  ,     .  . , ,  ,      .

    ,    ?  ,  CMOS- ,  Sunburst    ,        :    ,   ,     .             . ,  Sunburst -         ,          SunUp.       ,     .




  -   


  ,   ,      .               .  ,         ,    Sun Microsystems.        -,  -   .   Sunburst   , ,   ,    -,   ,   .  ,     :  ,     ,      ,           (CIO) Sun Microsystems   (Bill Raduchel),     - Sunburst.

               -.  ,      . , ,   ,              -.         ,   .   ,  ,    !

    .          Sun.          ,      ,        .         .




  


     SunUp  Sunburst   .  SunUp       ,  1 ,    .  ,    ,        ,      .          .  ,    .    ,   ,    .          .




 Sun Dragon



     1989    (Eric Schmidt),   ,        ,     . (    Sun   L    HAL Computer Systems,    64-  SPARC.)H    (Heller),    .)   ,   Sunburst  .       SunDragon,  Sun     Xerox.

  Xerox  - (Palo Alto Research Center,  PARC)  1985        .     ,      (Bill Gunning),    Ethernet    3 ,      (Pradeep Sindhu),    Juniper Networks,         Dynabus.Dynabus        (split-cycle),    (cache coherence).      VLSI        .    Xerox   (        ).

 ,   1988      Xerox       ,     ,  ,  Xerox           .       ,        ,  Xerox     ,        .(   Xerox     ,          .   ,      Dragon    ,   ,         Xerox.)

   ,  1988 , Sun Microsystems       Silicon Graphics   .     .           ,     .   ,     .      ,       .       .     Sun,  ,        .

PARC  Xerox  Sun Microsystems    .           .  1988  Sun Microsystems  Xerox     .   1989   Xerox,         ,     Sun  -.       Sun    Sun Dragon.     Sun    (Steve Bourne),    Bourne Shell    Unix.

             ,   80-  90- .  , ,  ,     . ,      ,      Xerox       Sun.  Xerox    Xerox PARC. , , - .

 (       PARC  Sun)      Sun Long,  ,         ,    .







           ,    (             ).     ,        ,          .),      ,  , ,     .       .       !            !

  ,     . ,   ,        (    ,    ).   ,       ,     .          . (   ,  ,     .)

      .   ,     :       ,         .

        Xerox       (Jean Gastinel).   , ,            Dragon  Xerox. ,      Sun Dragon.          ,  ,      .        Dragon  Sun   ,      .         ,          ,   Xerox  1993       Sun.

     .           M-bus,         :        Dynabus    (,     Dragon     ).                   .            ,        :   ,     Dynabus?

      ,   ,  M-bus,     NuBus  Texas Instruments,      (shared-cycle).      ,               ,       ,       ,      .     .    ,    (atomicity)     ,              .            (data consistency).

 ,         .    ,         ,  .  ,       .     ,        .        (scalability).  90- ,      ,   ,     (memory latency)        .       .

Dynabus  Xerox, ,      .  ,        ,     ,     .    ,      .      ,           ,     .                .            .(     ,  ,              Juniper Networks  1996 .           .)

,  -      .         Dynabus  .        ,   Dynabus,          .     ,     (formally proof)   .           .     ,   .

   .         Xerox.  ,   .




    Sun Dragon


  ,          Sun Dragon.     Sun      .     .          Sun Dragon,      .




  


  ,        ,    .  Xerox Dragon,      Xerox   1985 ,      .          Xerox ,        .          - ,  DEC VAX-11,     ,   -, Sun Dragon     .  ,   -,      -       .    , Dynabus,      ,     .     ,        -   ,   ,      ,     .

     ,     .    ,  , ,         ,     .     .        ,        SunDragon!    ,   - Cisco Systems Unified Computing System (UCS),   ,   Sun Dragon     -!     ,    Sun Dragon    ,      -  .

,           .   80-   90-  Sun      .     ,      .      ,    . ,         ,        () .    ?          ,    .     .

 ,           .  ,   ,     .               .          ,    .     .      .  ,           , ,     ,   . (, , ,           .)       Sun Dragon,   , ,    .

         ,         .  ,                    , Sun      -    !   ,    ,   Xerox       -  Dynabus,       ,         ,   Sun Dragon        !

 Sun Dragon     ,        ,       -.           ,       ( )  .  -      ,  S-Bus,    .       Sun Microsystems   -     -       -.        -.




  Dynabus


Dynabus    ,           .    ,    19- ,        (  ). ,   1990    Sun  ,           , ,           ,        Dragon/Dynabus,       Dynabus. ,      Dragon/Dynabus,  ,  Xerox,  ,     ,  Sun Dragon     .

         (Todd Lynch),     Maxiray      M-Bus   ,      .  ,      Maxiray      .               (),  ,          ,   .       Sun       ,   .    ,      , Sun           (   ).       ,         .       ,  ,  -        ,      .




  


      Sun Dragon        ,   ,         : Sun Dragon     Dynabus,        !        .    Xerox         .             (, ,    ),     (redundancy),     .          Sun Dragon    .    Sun Dragon  ,      Maxiray        .

  Sun Dragon        -       .     .

  Sun Dragon     ,     .       Sun Dragon   1993       Sun Dragon  - Dynabus,       Sun Dragon.     (Scorpion).      .




   (GTL)


   Sun Dragon        GTL,   Xerox   (Bill Gunning).   Xerox PARC,     Ethernet   3   .      Xerox,   Sun,    83 .   -       .     .

 80-   90-           Texas Instruments  - (Transistor-to-Transistor Logic,  TTL).  TTL  +5    1,  0    0.   80-        MOS- (CMOS).    CMOS -   ,   TTL. ,     -  (Emitter-Coupled Logic,  ECL)      .  ECL      :    1  0   0,8 .  ECL    .

   ,   LSI Logic    Sun Dragon   -,  , -   SBus,   CMOS.  , -       1  0 (5 )   ,     .      LSI Logic,         ,   Sun Dragon,    TTL    ECL.      .             (GTL).    IEEE   ,     .

 , ,    Sun Dragon         LSI, LSI             Sun Dragon.      (Jenson Huang).     90-      ,     . ,            NVIDIA.




  Sun Dragon


 -    ,       -  -   Shengyang Long     .          , -   Shengyang,   ,   ,      ,     - GTL       .       ,    ,   ,   .

,       DRAM     ,       ,           ,          DRAM.  ,    DRAM        ,  DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module       ). - ,    ,  ,   ,       DIMM,      ,   .

              DIMM,     .       ,           DIMM   .          ,              ,   -     ,    .     DIMM Sun Dragon,         .    ,     ,            Sun Microsystems,       SunDragon.         DIMM           ,    SunDragon     .    .         ,      -  .    .      ,    .

    ,     (Stimson Ho),   Amdahl,    -,       .   (Leo Yuan),     ,      IBM 3081.        (Chin Chen)   -  .

   ,        ,             Dynabus    ,          /,   ,   ,    DIMM    -,       Dynabus,   .     ,     S-Bus,       -,     LSI     .                  .             (Jeff Price).       Sun Microsystems   Sun Dragon.

         ,    .     ,       ,    ,      ( ,   ,       - S-Bus),    .             ,  LSI Logic.             ,        . ,             ,   Dynabus   .       ,     ,       .     ,           ,     .

 SPARC,      Sun Dragon,  Viking            ,       (behavior model)  .    Maxiray,    ,      Viking.

           ,       ,       ,    .     ,   ,   .      Apple Macintosh          .    Macintosh     MacProject.        .            .       ,     (dependency).       ,    ,     .

   ,     Macintosh        .   ,  MacProject       .         MacProject        Sun Dragon.         ,             (First Customer Shipment,  FCS).        ,   , ,     ,     ,      !

          , Project         .        .    ,   ,         .    ,         .  , ,          .

  ,           ,          .        ,               .                   4,          .

       ,   -     ,       ,     .               !              .  ,  -  ,      .    ,    ,      !

 Sun Dragon   ,        .      .   ,       ,       Sun 420 -    .      .        Sun   ,        .   -      .

  Sun Dragon   .     ,     ,               .            ,      .         (debug)    .        ,    .

  ,   :     ,          Sun 420.     ,    ,    ,       .

   ,   ,  -   , ,   ,      Sun Dragon. ,                   Google.

  ,   ,     .  ,        .  ,   ,     . ,       ,       .     ,        ,     .   ,   ,    .  ,    . ,        Sun        ,         , ,         .

    ,   39  Sun 420,    ,   19!   19              ,  ,    !    ,       . ,      .    ,      ,   .

    -          ,       -    ,     .  ,   ,  -.        ,     .        ,   ,    :                           .  ,    ,          .                ,     !

   :          ,   .         ,   ,            .

  ,      ,         .          .          (        ),              . ,       ,    !

  Sun 420           .       .       .        ,   (Jim Schimandle),  .   ,      ,     .            ,      .  ,         ,     ,       .   ,     ,  ,  ,        .

   ,  ,  ,      ,      .         ,     .  ,      ,        .      ,          ,      ,     .             ,     ,            .      ,   ,        .

,          ,     .




 ,   


     1990      (Ashok Singhal),          .    , ,     ,               ,     ,  Sun Microsystems.      Sun Microsystems       .

             ,        .  ,       .     ,        .      ,           :   (Dave Patterson),   (Yale Patt)    (Alan Smith).             Sun Dragon   .     ,               .             Sun   Enterprise 6000/5000/4000/3000   ,    Xerox   Xerox PARC,        (CTO)  3Par Data,     ,    2010      HP  Dell .

        ,  ,       ,   .         -   SBus. SBus      -  Sun.      .       ,     SCSI-    SBus.          .

      ,               ,   1992           (Gary Beck)       .       (Burroughs). 70-      - ,     .  1985         ,        :           (VLIW).              .

     Sun Dragon        ,       Sun Microsystems.          Sun Dragon  ,         .   , , ,   ,      Xerox  Sun Microsystems,       Sun Dragon.




  


  1992        ,     .         ,  ,  ,        .    .         .

       Viking (   SuperSPARC)         .    ,  ,  ,     ,      Viking (    ),   ,   ,       .  ,        ,     .   , -                .

 Texas Instruments,    Sun,    SPARC     .        ,    (Moores Law), -  Sun Microsystems,   SPARC,     Texas Instruments,        (layout),             Texas Instruments.  SPARC  Sun           Texas Instruments.

            Texas Instruments.     Texas Instruments   Sun      (Non-Recurring Engineering, NRE)    .  ,  ,  Sun Microsystems       SPARC,   ,  ,         Texas Instruments,       .           Sun Microsystems,  -    Texas Instruments      Viking   .        ,    Viking,        Texas Instruments   (Terry Gannon),          ,     .  ,      ,   ,      Viking    .    , Maxiray,    ,  Sun Dragon      !

  1992         Viking.   ,    Sun Dragon    Solaris,       .      , ,         , ,      -   .       , !      !

 ,    ,   , !    ,          .  ,                            .    ,        ,         .          Viking.




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/adrian-nortveyl/gody-pod-solntsem-20-let-v-sun-microsystems-i-kremnievoi-d-74584358/)  .

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