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 ?        1941 .    3 ,      .         ,       .[2 -  .      .  .   // -    . . . 27  2022 . URL: https://www.philharmonia.spb.ru/afisha/7symphony/timeline/detail/475761/ ( : 21.08.2026).]       ,          .         ,      ,      .

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         .[3 - Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 386395.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).]

  ,      ,   ,  -  ,     .   ,     ,        -       .      ,  ,    .[4 - Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198.   . URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).]

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     ,   1908  1970 .                 .     ,        .

      .              1934      .          -  .   ,       ,     ,       .[5 - Hoffman E. The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow [  :   ]. Los Angeles: J. P. Tarcher, 1988. . : Abraham Maslow Papers [  ] // University of Akron Digital Collections. URL: https://collections.uakron.edu/digital/collection/p15960coll10/id/684/ (https://collections.uakron.edu/digital/collection/p15960coll10/id/684/); Former APA Presidents [    ] // American Psychological Association. URL: https://www.apa.org/about/governance/president/former-presidents ( : 21.08.2026).]

    A Theory of Human Motivation (  ),    1943 .       ,     :  , ,   ,   .   ,      .

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       ,         A Preface to Motivation Theory (   ),      .  , ,   ,    ,     .[6 - Maslow A. H. A Preface to Motivation Theory [   ] // Psychosomatic Medicine. 1943. . 5.  1. . 8592; Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 370396.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).]

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 2019   ,          .             XX .

     ,     ,     ,          ,   1960 . -       :  ,  ,         ,       .

   :   ,   .[12 - Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).     . : Kaufman S. B. Who Created Maslows Iconic Pyramid? [    ?] // Scientific American. 23.04.2019. URL: https://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/beautiful-minds/who-created-maslows-iconic-pyramid/ ( : 23.08.2026).]

   .          .  ,     ,Who Built Maslows Pyramid? (https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929), 2019 (https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929)

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   .      ,     ,   ,      .           .          ,    ,      .[13 - Dobbin F. R. The Origins of Private Social Insurance: Public Policy and Fringe Benefits in America, 19201950 [   :       , 19201950] // American Journal of Sociology. 1992. . 97.  5. . 14161450; Thomasson M. A. The Importance of Group Coverage: How Tax Policy Shaped U.S. Health Insurance [  :        ].   NBER  7543. 2000.  . URL: https://www.nber.org/papers/w7543.    Dobbin   Harvard University. URL: https://dobbin.scholars.harvard.edu/sites/g/files/omnuum1871/files/dobbin/files/1992_ajs.pdf ( : 28.09.2026).]

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  XX       .      ,    ,         .              :     ,   ,    .[14 - Taylor F. W. The Principles of Scientific Management [  ]. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1911.   ,    ,   Project Gutenberg. URL: https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/6435/pg6435.html ( : 23.08.2026).]

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   ,   19501960- ,            .       ,    .      ,   ,      .       ,     .[15 - Augier M., March J. G. The Roots, Rituals, and Rhetorics of Change: North American Business Schools After the Second World War [,    :  -    ]. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2011.]

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 1956        MotivationandPersonality (  , 1954)     .   -  ,        ,         .[17 -     -    16  1956     ,      ,  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198,  . 83.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).]

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   1957  ,     ,    .

    HumanRelationsinBusiness (   )        .     .      .           .[19 -         Human Relations in Business [   ]  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 86.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).]

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. 2.      ,   1957 .



             Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima     .          .          ,  .[20 -         Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima [   ]  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 86.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026). . : Armstrong K. Mastering Motivation [ ] // APS Observer. 22.08.2019. URL: https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/mastering-motivation ( : 23.08.2026).]

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      1960 .

  -   HowMoneyMotivatesMen (   )      ,   .       ,    .     ,  .[21 -                : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 8687.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).]

       .      self-realization ()    ,   ,    self-actualization ().        ,       .[22 -          ,     self-realization   self-actualization,  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 87.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).]

         ,      .








. 3.      ,   1960 .

     :       ?

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     ,            .      :      .[23 - McDermid C. D. How Money Motivates Men [   ] // Business Horizons. 1960. . 3.  4. . 98. . : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 87.]

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 1960          .        .       .

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      .      ,        ,     .[24 - Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).]

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 1961     Journal of Humanistic Psychology. ,      ,         ,        .[25 - Journal of Humanistic Psychology [  ] // SAGE Journals.   . URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/jhpa ( : 28.09.2026).]

  ,     .        ,        .      ,       .   ,       ,  ,     ,      .

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  ,         ,     .        ,    ,  ,    ,        ,      .

       Eupsychia  The Good Society (   ).      :  ,    ,      ,   .     ?     ,  ,      ?[26 - Maslow A. H. Eupsychia  The Good Society [   ] // Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 1961. . 1.  2. . 111.     SAGE Journals. URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/002216786100100202 ( : 28.09.2026).]

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        .      ,      ,            .[27 - Maslow A. H. Toward a Psychology of Being [  ]. Princeton, NJ: D. Van Nostrand, 1962. . : Maslow A. H. Lessons from the Peak-Experiences [  ] // Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 1962. . 2.  1. . 918.     SAGE Journals. URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002216786200200102 ( : 28.09.2026).]




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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


                         . .: International Day of Non-Violence [  ] // United Nations. URL: https://www.un.org/en/observances/non-violence-day ( : 21.08.2026).




2


 .      .  .   // -    . . . 27  2022 . URL: https://www.philharmonia.spb.ru/afisha/7symphony/timeline/detail/475761/ ( : 21.08.2026).




3


Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 386395.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




4


Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198.   . URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).




5


Hoffman E. The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Abraham Maslow [  :   ]. Los Angeles: J. P. Tarcher, 1988. . : Abraham Maslow Papers [  ] // University of Akron Digital Collections. URL: https://collections.uakron.edu/digital/collection/p15960coll10/id/684/ (https://collections.uakron.edu/digital/collection/p15960coll10/id/684/); Former APA Presidents [    ] // American Psychological Association. URL: https://www.apa.org/about/governance/president/former-presidents ( : 21.08.2026).




6


Maslow A. H. A Preface to Motivation Theory [   ] // Psychosomatic Medicine. 1943. . 5.  1. . 8592; Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 370396.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




7


Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 370371.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




8


Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 375.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




9


Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 388389.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




10


Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 386388.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




11


Maslow A. H. A Theory of Human Motivation [  ] // Psychological Review. 1943. . 50.  4. . 371372.      Classics in the History of Psychology  . URL: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm ( : 21.08.2026).




12


Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).     . : Kaufman S. B. Who Created Maslows Iconic Pyramid? [    ?] // Scientific American. 23.04.2019. URL: https://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/beautiful-minds/who-created-maslows-iconic-pyramid/ ( : 23.08.2026).




13


Dobbin F. R. The Origins of Private Social Insurance: Public Policy and Fringe Benefits in America, 19201950 [   :       , 19201950] // American Journal of Sociology. 1992. . 97.  5. . 14161450; Thomasson M. A. The Importance of Group Coverage: How Tax Policy Shaped U.S. Health Insurance [  :        ].   NBER  7543. 2000.  . URL: https://www.nber.org/papers/w7543.    Dobbin   Harvard University. URL: https://dobbin.scholars.harvard.edu/sites/g/files/omnuum1871/files/dobbin/files/1992_ajs.pdf ( : 28.09.2026).




14


Taylor F. W. The Principles of Scientific Management [  ]. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1911.   ,    ,   Project Gutenberg. URL: https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/6435/pg6435.html ( : 23.08.2026).




15


Augier M., March J. G. The Roots, Rituals, and Rhetorics of Change: North American Business Schools After the Second World War [,    :  -    ]. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2011.




16


Cooke B., Mills A. J., Kelley E. S. Situating Maslow in Cold War America: A Recontextualization of Management Theory [      :    ] // Group & Organization Management. 2005. . 30.  2. . 129152.   . URL: https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/files/28165537/POST-PEER-REVIEW-NON-PUBLISHERS.PDF ( : 28.09.2026).




17


    -    16  1956     ,      ,  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education [   ?             ] // Academy of Management Learning & Education. 2019. . 18.  1. . 8198,  . 83.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).




18


  - 1957 ,      Management Review     The Human Side of Enterprise [  ]  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 8384.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).




19


        Human Relations in Business [   ]  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 86.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).




20


        Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima [   ]  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 86.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026). . : Armstrong K. Mastering Motivation [ ] // APS Observer. 22.08.2019. URL: https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/mastering-motivation ( : 23.08.2026).




21


               : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 8687.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).




22


         ,     self-realization   self-actualization,  : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 87.      Victoria University of Wellington. URL: https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/journal_contribution/Who_built_maslow_s_pyramid_A_history_of_the_creation_of_management_studies_most_famous_symbol_and_its_implications_for_management_education/12735929 ( : 28.09.2026).




23


McDermid C. D. How Money Motivates Men [   ] // Business Horizons. 1960. . 3.  4. . 98. . : Bridgman T., Cummings S., Ballard J. A. Who Built Maslows Pyramid? [   ?]. . 87.




24


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