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3.Tasks (Задания):
3.1. Ответить на вопросы по тексту (Answer the questions according to the text):
Вариант 1
1)
What is the atmosphere?
2)
What is always present in the atmosphere?
3)
How many layers are there in the atmosphere?
4)
How is the troposphere characterized?
5)
What is the highest level of the atmosphere?
Вариант 2
1)
What does the atmosphere consist of?
2)
In which forms can water vapor condense?
3)
What is the lower layer of the atmosphere?
4)
How is the stratosphere characterized?
5)
Why has global warming
occurred?
.2
. Каким термином можно заменить следующие словосочетания?
(By which term can the following phrase be substituted?):
Вариант 1
– mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases
– water in the gas state
– the lower layer of the atmosphere
– the process of rising of the average temperatures on our planet
Вариант 2
– the process of increasing of the density
– water in the state of ice turns into this form
– the higher layer of the atmosphere
– the process of changing o the weather on our planet
.3
. Если бы перед Вами стояла задача выбрать одно предложение в качестве ключевого ко всему тексту, какое предложение Вы бы выбрали? Выпишите
из
текста
это
предложение
(If you had the task to choose the key sentence to the text, which one would you choose? Write this sentence out of the text)
(задание общее для обоих вариантов)
.4
.
Выберите
правильный
перевод
выделенных
слов
и
словосочетаний
(Choose the right variant of translation of the marked words, and phrases):
Вариант 1
1)
The life on our planet
would not be possible
without the atmosphere.
была бы невозможна
была бы наиболее вероятна
вероятно, не была бы
2)
The more man`s activities pollute the atmosphere
, the more rapidly
changes the climate.
тем быстрее
чем быстрее
ещё быстрее
3)
When the water
turns into
solid form it is called the ice.
переходит
поворачивается
утекает
4)
In mountains temperature usually
falls with height
.
падает с понижением
растет с повышением
то падает, то понижается
Вариант 2
1)
A lot of people think that snow is solid rain but
this is not true
.
это правда
это правда лишь наполовину
это неправда
2)
The atmosphere
is needed to maintain
life on our planet.
нужна, чтобы поддерживать
нужна, чтобы не допускать
необходима поддержка
3)
The atmosphere
consists not only of
nitrogen and oxygen.
состоит только из
состоит не только из
входит в состав
4)
Airplanes fly
mostly
in stratosphere.
по большей части
всегда
никогда
Числительные (Figures)
/до десяти (up to ten)/
Количественные (Cardinal)
Порядковые (Ordinal)
1 one
1st first
2 two
2nd second
3 three
3rd third
4 four
4th fourth
5 five
5th fifth
6 six
6th sixth
7 seven
7th seventh
8 eight
8th eights
9 nine
9th ninth
10 ten
10th tenth
4.1.
Переведите предложения на английский язык (
Translate
sentences
into
English
):
Вариант 1
1)
Мой сын ходит в
первый
класс.
2)
В неделе
семь
дней.
3)
Я смотрю этот фильм уже в
третий
раз.
4)
Говорят, что у кошки
девять
жизней.
Вариант 2
1)
Семь
– магическое число.
2)
Это моя
пятая
поездка в Китай.
3)
На
восьмой
день подул сильный ветер.
4)
Шесть
дней было пасмурно.
Lesson 3
New words and phrases (Новые слова и выражения):
dew [`dϳu:] – роса
atmospheric phenomena [,ətmϽ`sfi:rIk fe`nomenə] – атмосферные явления
water droplets [`wϽtə `drϽplets] – капли воды
below freezing [bI`ləυ `fri:zIŋ] – ниже температуры замерзания воды
air [eә] – воздух
frost [`frϽst] – мороз
floods [`flɅdz] – наводнения
Read and translate (Прочитайте и переведите):
Atmospheric phenomena
Such ‘surprises of the weather’ as rain, snow, hail, dew and so on, are called atmospheric phenomena.
When water vapor in the atmosphere is cooled, condensation results. And when the resulting water droplets obtain a sufficient size, they fall as rain.
If the raindrops pass through zones of temperature below freezing, hail results.
If condensation occurs at temperatures below freezing, snow is formed.
If condensation of water vapor takes place directly on a surface cooler than the air, either dew or frost is formed , depending upon whether the temperature at which condensation occurs is above or below freezing.
Rainfall has an important influence on our lives. We depend upon rainfall for our water supply. If there is too little rain people and plants may die; if there is too much rain there may be floods, which cause damage.
3.Tasks (Задания):
3.1. Ответить на вопросы по тексту (Answer the questions according to the text):
Вариант 1
1)
What does the term ‘atmospheric phenomena’ mean?
2)
When does condensation result?
3)
What is usually formed when
condensation occurs at temperatures below freezing?
4)
What are the conditions of frost forming?
5)
Why does rainfall have an important influence on our lives?
Вариант 2
1)
What atmospheric phenomena do you know?
2)
What does result when water vapor in the atmosphere is cooled?
3)
What is usually formed when
condensation occurs at temperatures below freezing?
4)
What are the conditions of dew forming?
5)
What do floods cause?
.2.
Используя
как
можно
большее
количество
выученных
слов
,
напишите
по
—
английски
короткое
сообщение
на
следующую
тему
(Using as much new words as possible, write a short message in English on the following topic):
Вариант 1
‘The negative effect of the atmospheric phenomena on people`s life’
Вариант 2
‘The positive effect of the atmospheric phenomena on people`s life’
3.3. Поставьте «+», если утверждение верно и «—», если неверно (Tick with ‘+’, if the affirm is right, and ‘—‘ if it is wrong):
Вариант 1
1)
Condensation results when water vapor in the atmosphere is warmed.
2)
When the water droplets obtain a sufficient size, they fall as rain.
3)
If condensation of water vapor takes place directly on a surface cooler than the air,
and
the temperature at which
condensation occurs is below freezing dew is formed.
4)
If there is too much rain there may be floods.
Вариант 2
1)
Condensation results when water vapor in the atmosphere is cooled.
2)
When the water droplets obtain a sufficient temperature, they fall as rain.
3)
If condensation of water vapor takes place directly on a surface cooler than the air,
and
the temperature at which
condensation occurs is below freezing frost is formed.
4)
Too little rain is good for people and plants.
3.4. Укажите слова, «выпадающие» из данной тематической группы (Mark the word which does not correspond the topical group):
Вариант 1
atmospheric phenomena: rain, elbow, snow, hail, stew, dew
Вариант 2
rain: congratulation, condensation, water droplets, regards, floods
3.5. Eще раз прочитайте текст ‘Atmospheric phenomena’ и вкратце расскажите по—русски о процессе образования осадков (Read the text ‘Atmospheric phenomena’ once again and tell in brief in Russian about the process of precipitation formation)
(задание общее для обоих вариантов)
Lesson 4
1. New words and phrases (Новые слова и выражения):
developing cyclone [,dI`veləpIŋ `sαIklən] – развивающийся циклон
band of cloud [`bænd ,əv `klαυd] – облачная гряда
to spread [`spred] – распространять(ся)
to move slowly east [,tυ `mu:v `sloυlI `i:st] – медленно продвигаться на восток
sporadic [spϽ`rædIk] – спорадический, разорванный
speed of wind[`spId ,əv `wInd] – скорость ветра
pressure will fall /will be stable [`preʃә ,wIl `fϽl/,wIlbI `steIbl] – давление будет падать / оставаться стабильным
sunny spells [`sɅnI `spels] – периоды прояснения
sunshine [`sɅnʃαIn] – солнечный свет
north—eastern parts [`no:Ɵ,i:stən `pa:ts] – северо—восточные районы
south—west [,sαυƟ`west] – юго—запад
morning patches of mist and fog [`mϽ:niŋ `petʃes əv `mIst ən `fϽg] – утренние клочья дымки и тумана
shower [`ʃαυə] – ливень
to die out [tə ,dαI `αυt] – затихать
from moderate to fresh [,frϽm `mϽdəreIt tə `freʃ ] – от умеренного до порывистого
to rise to near or slightly above average [tə `rαIz tə `nIə ,Ͻ`slαItlI ə`bɅv `ævIrIdʒ] – подниматься до среднего или чуть выше среднего
2. Read and translate (Прочитайте и переведите):
Weather reports:
TV Weather Report(Part 1)
Providing weather reports is a significant part of meteorologists` work. We can listen to the weather forecast on TV, on radio, or by the telephone. Let`s try to present a daylong TV weather report for our country in English.
“For the next day on the territory of Russian Federation the weather will be as the following.
In the Far East the developing cyclone rules the weather. A band of cloud will spread into central and southern parts of the region. This will move slowly east across the territory during Monday, although the rain will be rather sporadic. Temperatures will be: from +18 to +24 degrees Celsius in the south, and from +11 to +17 degrees Celsius in the north. The speed of wind will be about 9—14 meters/second. Pressure will fall.
All parts of Siberia will have sunny spells with the best of the sunshine being in north—eastern parts after a few early morning patches of mist and fog. There will also be some showers, mainly in north—western and western parts, but the showers tend to die out during the afternoon. Winds will be moderate to fresh from the south—west, and temperatures will rise to near or slightly above average for the time of the year (about 22 degrees above zero). Pressure will be stable.
3.Tasks (Задания):
3.1. Ответить на вопросы по тексту (Answer the questions according to the text):
Вариант 1
1)
What is the weather report?
2)
What, according to the report, rules the weather in the Far East?
3)
Where will the cyclone move?
4)
Will it be clear or cloudy in Siberia, according to the report?
5)
Will pressure be stable in Siberia?
Вариант 2
1)
Where can we listen to the weather forecast?
2)
Will it rain in the Far East, according to the report?
3)
What will the speed of wind be in the Far East?
4)
Are the precipitations expected in Siberia, according to the report?
5)
Will the temperature be high in Siberia?
3.2. Найти английские эквиваленты к русским словам и выражениям (Find equivalents in English to the following words and phrases in Russian):
Вариант 1
1)
делать
погоду
–
to rule
the weather
to provide weather forecast
to spoil the weather
2)
скорость ветра —
moderate wind
speed of wind
direction of wind
3)
давление
будет
стабильным
– pressure will be stable
pressure will fall
temperature will be stable
Вариант 2
1)
ливень —
shower
fog
wind
2) северо—восток – south—west
north—east
north—west
3) давление будет падать – pressure will be stable
temperature will be stable
pressure will fall
3.3. Расставьте предложения в их логической последовательности (Place the sentences in the right logical order):
Вариант 1
1)
Now there are no clouds and precipitations.
2)
A cold front cleared south—east Siberia.
3)
So, it is cloudy there, and heavy showers are expected.
4)
On the contrary, in the Far East the cyclone rules the weather.
Вариант 2
1)
It allowed a weak cold front to move southwards across all areas.
2)
The anticyclone gradually declined and slipped away over the continent.
3)
However, the rise of the temperatures is expected in the nearest future.
4)
So, now the temperatures are low in the south.
3.4. Выпишите из текста все слова и выражения, которые имеют отношение, к понятию (Rewrite from the text all wards and phrases connected with the concept):
Вариант 1
Pressure
Вариант 2
Temperature
4.Числительные (Figures)
/от десяти до двадцати (from ten to twenty)/
Количественные (Cardinal)
Порядковые (Ordinal)
11 eleven
11 eleventh
12 twelve
12 twelfth
13 thirteen
13rd thirteenth
14 fourteen
14th fourteenth
15 fifteen
15th fifteenth
16 sixteen
16th sixteenth
17 seventeen
17th seventeenth
18 eighteen
18th eighteenth
19 nineteen
19th nineteenth
20 twenty
20th twentieth
4.1. Переведите предложения на английский язык (Translate sentences into English):
Вариант 1
1) Температура поднялась до двадцати градусов выше нуля.
2) На пятый день пошел дождь.
3) Снег шел одиннадцать дней.
4) Девятнадцатого июля ожидается утренний туман.
Вариант 2
1)
Температура опустилась до
двенадцати
градусов выше нуля.
2)
На
шестой
день пошел снег.
3)
Дождь шел
восемнадцать
дней.
4)
Четырнадцатого
июля ожидается утренний туман.
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ
APPENDIX
Distance meteorological station (DMS) – дистанционная метеорологическая станция
Airdrome traffic service (ATS) – аэродромный диспетчерский пункт (АДП)
Communication satellite (COMSAT) – спутник связи
Lesson 5
1. New words and phrases (Новые слова и выражения):
a cold front [ə `kϽld `frɅnt] – холодный фронт
move south—east [`mu:v `sαυƟ`i:st] – продвигаться на юго—восток
bring low temperatures [`brIŋ `loυ `temprItʃәs] – принести низкие температуры
southern half [`sαυðәn `hɅf] – южная часть
dry day with some warm sunshine [,drαI `deI ,wIð ,sɅm ,wϽ:m `sɅn,ʃαIn] – день выдался сухой, солнце пригревает
become more generally cloudy during the evening [bi`kɅm ,mϽ: `dʒenIrәlI `klαυdI `dju:rIŋ ðә `i:vnIŋ] – становиться преимущественно облачно в течение вечера
with a little rain by midnight [,wIð ә `lItl `rein ,bαI `mIdnαIt] —незначительный дождь к полуночи
pressure will rise [`preʃə ,wIl `rαIz] – давление будет расти
outbreaks of rain [`αυtbreIks әv `reIn] – кратковременные дожди
cooler air with broken cloud and occasional showers [`ku:lә `eә ,wIð `broυkən `klαυd ən ə`keIʒənl `ʃαυәls] – прохладные воздушные массы с значительной облачностью с просветами и кратковременными ливнями
brighter and fresher [`brαItә әn `freʃә] – более ясно и прохладно
without precipitations [,wI`ðαυt ,presIpI`teIʃn] – без осадков
2. Read and translate (Прочитайте и переведите):
Weather reports:
TV Weather Report (Part 2)
In the middle band of our country a cold front will move south—east, and bring low temperatures: +10 – +14 degrees Celsius. The southern half will have mainly dry day with some warm sunshine in the East, although it will become more generally cloudy during the evening, perhaps with a little rain by midnight. Wind: about 4—6meters/second. Pressure will rise.
In the western part it will be cloudy, with outbreaks of rain arriving during the day – this being followed in the evening by cooler air with broken cloud and occasional showers. Remaining areas should become brighter and fresher. Temperature: +15 – +18 degrees. Pressure will be stable.
In Moscow it will be cloudy, without precipitations. Temperature: +15 – +18 degrees.
3.Tasks (Задания):
3.1. Ответить на вопросы по тексту (Answer the questions according to the text):
Вариант 1
1)
Where, according to the report, a cold front will move in the middle band of our country?
2)
What will be the weather in the southern half of the middle band?
3)
Will the pressure in the middle band fall or rise?
4)
Will it rain in the western part of our country, according to the report?
5)
What temperatures are expected in
Moscow, according to the report?
Вариант 2
1)