The Kādambarī of Bāṇa
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142
Three horizontal lines.
143
Truth in thought, word, and deed.
144
Read, Nishpatatā.
145
Nīlapānḍu, mottled blue and white. The Hindu penance is to be between five fires: four on earth and the sun above. V. Manu, vi. 23.
146
The sign of a vow.
147
(a) Bark garment; (b) bark of trees.
148
(a) Girdle. V. Manu, ii. 42; (b) mountain slope.
149
Or, the moon.
150
Or, with.
151
(a) Kṛipā = compassion; (b) Kṛipa was the teacher of Açvatthāma, or Drauṇi.
152
Or, Virgo, Cervus, the Pleiads and Draco.
153
(a) Having twilight drunk up; (b) having many faults eradicated.
154
Rajas = (a) dust; (b) passion.
155
In performance of a vow. V. Manu, vi. 23.
156
Or, ‘of the demon Naraka,’ slain by Kṛishṇa. Harivaṃça, 122.
157
Or, had stars tawny at the junction of night and day.
158
Lit., (a) Holding all his passions in firm restraint; (b) having the axle of its wheels firm.
159
Lit., (a) He had a body wasted by secret performance of penance; (b) he brought to nought the enemies’ plans of battle by secret counsel and by his army.
160
Or, having caves with whirlpools and the circles of shells oblique.
161
Or, quays.
162
(a) Perhaps Pushkara, the place of pilgrimage in Ajmere; (b) lotus-grove.
163
(a) Having entrance into great halls; (b) being absorbed in Brahma.
164
Or, salvation.
165
Or, inflicted punishment; or, though intent on the Sāma veda, he was yet a daṇḍi; i. e., an ascetic who despises ritual.
166
Having beautiful matted locks.
167
(a) Having no left eye; (b) having no crooked glances.
168
R. V., x. 190.
169
Another kind of bread-tree.
170
The Commentary explains it as ‘Veda.’
171
The tridaṇḍaka or three staves of the mendicant Brahman who has resigned the world.
172
Or, impassioned glances.
173
(a) Moulting; (b) partisanship.
174
Bāla = (a) hair; (b) children.
175
Rāmā, woman.
176
Çakuni = (a) a bird; (b) Duryodhana’s uncle.
177
Vāyu = (a) wind; (b) breath.
178
(a) Teeth; (b) Brahmans.
179
Or, dullness.
180
Or, seeking prosperity.
181
Or, seek enjoyment.
182
Or good fortune.
183
The Gārhapatya, Dakshiṇa, and Āhavanīya fires.
184
Proverbial phrase for clearness.
185
Vishṇu Purāṇa, vi., ch. 3, ‘The seven solar rays dilate to seven suns, and set the three worlds on fire.’
186
Lit., ‘is leader of.’
187
Or, caprice.
188
Vishṇu Purāṇa, i., 123.
189
Semi-divine beings dwelling between the earth and the sun.
190
Tārā = (a) stars; (b) wife of Bṛihaspati, carried away by the moon.
191
(a) “Wife of the sage Vaçishṭha; (b) the morning star.
192
(a) Constellation; (b) staff borne during a vow.
193
(a) Constellation; (b) roots for the hermits’ food.
194
Or, constellation.
195
Çiva.
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Caste.
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Friends.
198
I.e., king, minister, and energy.
199
Or, misfortune.
200
An ordeal.
201
An ordeal.
202
(a) Clearing of the waters after the rainy season; (b) ordeal of poison.
203
(a) Magic; (b) practice of Yoga.
204
(a) Lit., ‘tearing out of eyes;’ (b) slaughter of the demon Tāraka by Kārtikeya.
205
A star in the Scorpion’s tail.
206
Seizing of tribute.
207
Or, having his body united. V. Dowson, ‘Classical Dictionary.’
208
Having fortresses subdued.
209
These are teachers of the gods and heroes.
210
Vishṇu.
211
Lit., ‘firm.’
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(a) The gods; (b) love.
213
Four was the number of the oceans and of the arms of Nārāyaṇa.
214
The divine mothers, or personified energies of the chief deities.
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Wife of Çukanāsa.
216
Summary of pp. 141–155.
217
Or, Ananga, name of Kāma.
218
Since he can only give it the name, not the substance or meaning. Kumāra = (a) name of Kārtikeya; (b) prince.
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Kāma.
220
Summary of pp. 176–189.
221
Lit., ‘sew him to himself.’
222
Summary of pp. 190, 191.
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Summary of p. 193.
224
Çarabha, a fabulous animal supposed to have eight legs, and to dwell in the snowy mountains.
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(a) Many sins; (b) twilight.
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Lit., (a) climbs trees; (b) protects parasites.
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(a) Showing the elevation of many men; (b) rising in stature to the height of many men.
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Or, arrogance.
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Or, stupidity.
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Or, wealth.
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Or, ill-fortune.
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Balam = (a) strength; (b) army. Laghumā = (a) lightness; (b) triviality.
233
Vigrahavatī = (a) having a body; (b) full of strife.
234
Purushottama, i. e., Vishṇu.
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The rainy season sends away the haṃsas.
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Lit., their limbs fail them.
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Which have a strong scent.
238
Men having throbbing eyes.
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(a) A noble man; (b) fire.
240
Or, drink.
241
Or, taxes.
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Like Vishṇu.
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Like Çiva.
244
Lit., ‘inlaid.’
245
Or, kesara flowers.
246
Recaka, so commentary.
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Both trees of paradise.
248
The quarter of Çatakratu or Indra.
249
All auspicious signs. Cakra is (a) a quoit; (b) a cakravāka.
250
(a) A demon; (b) the heron.
251
For the love of snakes for the breeze, V. Raghuvaṃça, XIII., 12, and Buddhacarita, I., 44. Snakes are sometimes called vāyubaksha.
252
The following reference to Thomas Bell’s ‘History of British Quadrupeds’ was given by Mr. S. B. Charlesworth. ‘Writing about the deer of our parks (p. 404) he (Bell) quotes Playford’s “Introduction to Music” as follows: “Travelling some years since, I met on the road near Royston a herd of about twenty deer following a bagpipe and violin, which while the music played went forward. When it ceased they all stood still, and in this manner they were brought out of Yorkshire to Hampton Court.”’ V. supra, pp. 40, 79.
253
Meghadūta, 38.
254
The dvīpas are continents separated from each other by oceans. The Çvetadvīpa, or White Continent, is, according to Weber, suggested by Alexandria. V. ‘Indische Studien,’ I., 400; II., 397, 398.
255
Dvandva, a pair of opposites, as, e. g., pleasure and pain.
256
(a) Brilliant; (b) Durgā.
257
Summary of p. 277.
258
The Commentary says: ‘A house is whitened to welcome anyone. The face (or mouth) is the dwelling of Sarasvatī.’
259
Mandāra, one of the trees of Paradise.
260
The month June–July.
261
Staff.
262
(a) A tilaka, or mark of ashes; (b) abundance of tilaka trees white with blossoms.
263
Read Kauçalasya.
264
Cf. ‘Dulce rudimentum meditantis lilia quondam naturæ, cum sese opera ad majora pararet.’ – Rapin, on the convolvulus. V. Hallam, ‘Hist. of Lit.,’ Pt. iv., ch. v.
265
Vishṇu Purāṇa, Wilson, 1865, vol. ii., p. 297.
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Son of Kuvera.
267
The coral tree.
268
Or, virtue.
269
‘In the āryā metre,’ in the Sanskrit.
270
Mānasijanmā = (a) born in the Mānasa lake; (b) born in the mind, i. e., love. Muktālatā = (a) a white creeper; (b) a pearl necklace.
271
Scilicet, in the day.
272
Turbid with (a) dust; (b) passion.
273
The Vishṇu Purāṇa, Bk. vi., ch. iii., mentions seven suns.
274
The asterism Rohiṇī.
275
Utkalikā = (a) wave; (b) longing.
276
Or, hand.
277
Hands.
278
Feet.
279
Hands.
280
Candracaṇḍāla (lit., ‘base-born moon’) is intended as an assonance.
281
Pūrṇapātra, a basket of gifts to be scrambled for at a wedding.
282
I.e., the row of pearls given by Mahāçvetā.
283
Omit, priyajanaviçvāsavacanāni.
284
Read, parityaktā.
285
Read, antare.
286
Goçīrsha, a kind of fragrant sandal.
287
V. Vishṇu Purāṇa, Bk. i., ch. iii. (For the description of Brahmā’s night.)
288
Tataḥ Saindhavako rājā kshudras, tāta, Jayadrathaḥ,Varadānena Rudrasya sarvān naḥ samavārayat.(‘Then the vile Sindh kinglet, Jayadratha, through the boon conferred by Rudra, O my son, kept us all back.’) – Mahābhārata, vii., 2574.
289
Harivaṃça, 4906.
290
The cakora, or Greek partridge, was said to have its eyes turned red in the presence of poison.
291
Madirā, intoxicating, bewitching; so called because her eyes were madirāḥ.
292
Daksha cursed the moon with consumption at the appeal of his forty-nine daughters, the moon’s wives, who complained of his special favour to the fiftieth sister.
293
Lit., ‘without cause.’
294
Lit., ‘going by machinery.’
295
Trees of paradise.
296
A pun on pīḍā, grief.
297
A pun on pīḍā, a chaplet.
298
Read īrshyāṃ, vyathāṃ, and roshaṃ, as the Calcutta edition.
299
‘All the rasas,’ the ten emotions of love, fear, etc., enumerated by writers on rhetoric.
300
Because water was poured out to ratify a gift.
301
Bhāshitā, literally, ‘addressed by’; or read, bhāvitā, ‘entering into the spirit of.’
302
Read nirdākshiṇyayā.
303
A bundle of peacock feathers waved by the conjuror to bewilder the audience.
304
The dark blue of the bees was like the blue veil worn by women going to meet their lovers.
305
This passage is condensed.
306
Read musho.
307
I.e., ‘relic,’ or ‘remaining.’
308
Read Mahāçvetāṃ.
309
Cf. ‘Harsha Carita’ (Bombay edition, p. 272), ‘Parameçvarottamāngapātadurlalitāngām’.
310
Read Kumudamayyā.
311
A tree of paradise.
312
Tālī, a kind of palm; Kandala, a plantain.
313
Or, reading avirala, thick coming.
314
The Vishṇu Purāṇa, Bk. ii., ch. ii., calls Mandara the Mountain of the East; Gandhamādana, of the South; Vipula, of the West; and Supārçva, of the North.
315
Father of Kuvera.
316
Brahmā.
317
A phrase denoting readiness to obey. V. supra, p. 15.
318
Pouring water into the hand was the confirmation of a gift. V. supra, p. 150.
319
Transpose iti.
320
Hybiscus mutabilis changes colour thrice a day.
321
Or, at a wrong time.
322
Remove the stop after asyāḥ and Candrāpīḍaḥ, and place one after gantum.
323
‘It is not allowed by her favour to move.’
324
Read suhṛidāpi gantavyam, ‘his friend must go.’
325
Or, sampanna, ‘full-grown, having fruit and flowers,’ according to the commentary.
326
Read khinne.
327
Read prasādānām.
328
Read °janāt, etc.
329
V. supra, p. 12, where the robes of the chiefs are torn by their ornaments in their hasty movements.
330
Paravaça iva, or, ‘with mind enslaved to other thoughts.’
331
Read garīgasī.
332
The Jamunā is a common comparison for blue or green.
333
Placing a stop after gaditum instead of after niḥçesham.
334
An allusion to the idea that the açoka would bud when touched by the foot of a beautiful woman.
335
Anubandha, one of the four necessary conditions in writing. (a) Subject-matter; (b) purpose; (c) relation between subject treated and its end; (d) competent person to hear it. – V. ‘Vedānta Sāra.,’ p. 2–4; ‘Vācaspatya Dictionary.’
336
‘Manu,’ ix., 90.
337
I.e., the down on the body rises from joy (a common idea in Sanskrit writers), and holds the robe on its points.
338
Read, Saṃdiçantī, and place the stop after svayaṃ instead of after saṃdiçantī.
339
I.e., awake a sleeping lion.
340
Or, ‘wine.’
341
Bhūshaṇabhaṭṭa, after these introductory lines, continues Patralekhā’s account of Kādambarī’s speech, and completes the story.
342
I.e., Patralekhā.
343
Literally, ‘that forest of creepers, sc. maidens.’
344
So commentary.
345
Avantī is the province of which Ujjayinī is the capital. For the Divine Mothers, V. supra, p. 56.
346
V. supra, pp. 19, 20, 47.
347
A king of the solar race.
348
V. supra, p. 6.
349
Read ashṭānām api Vasūnām.
350
The commentary says ‘mother’ is said to a daughter-in-law, just as tāta, ‘father,’ is said to a son.
351
The parrot’s own history is now continued from p. 47.
352
The commentary explains these as Indra, Yama, Varuṇa, Soma and Kuvera. The Calcutta translation apparently translates a reading mahābhūtāni.
353
As the betrothed of Mahāçvetā, who was of the moon-race of Apsarases.
354
For gāndharva marriage, v. Manu., iii. 32.
355
Cf. M. Arnold:
‘Ah, where the spirit its highest life hath led,All spots, match’d with that spot, are less divine.’356
Apunarukta, ‘without tautology.’
357
Çiva.
358
Fiends attendant on Çiva.
359
Vide p. 98.
360
Or, with fishes.
361
Or, light.
362
Literally (a) whose wealth is crores of rupees; (b) in the case of the moon, ‘whose essence is in its horns.’
363
(a) Partizanship; (b) cutting of pinions. When the rest of the mountains lost their wings, Maināka escaped.
364
Or, padma, 1000 billions.
365
Or, emeralds.
366
Or, rogues.
367
Or, granaries.
368
Or, learned.
369
Or, though full of energy, they fear their enemies.
370
Or, liberal.
371
V. Sāhitya-Darpaṇa, 641.
372
Ibid., 568.
373
Or, offering gifts.
374
Or, containing pine-trees.
375
Or, attentive to women.
376
Brother of Rāma and Bharata.
377
Or, their friends.
378
Or, of the Sarvāstivādin School (a subdivision of the Vaibhāshika Buddhists).
379
Or, matter and spirit.
380
Or, lotus-hued.
381
In the case of Çiva, ‘loud laughter, bright as nectar.’
382
It has treasure vaults.
383
Or, keeping its covenants firm.
384
Or, houses whitened with ivory and cowries.
385
Or, having splendid mountains always at hand.
386
Or, false.
387
Or, gold pieces.
388
(a) Demon; (b) golden dice.
389
Or, rogues.
390
Or, the sporting of King Bāla.
391
Though the free intercourse with women is allowed, it is of irreproachable conduct.
392
Its castes are loved.
393
Vihāra (a) without necklaces; (b) having temples.
394
Having many citizens.
395
Then follows: ‘There – demons,’ p. 47, l. 18.
396
Follows p. 48, l. 17, ‘gay.’
397
Read °kulaiḥ; (a) Kings; (b) mountains.
398
Loss of dependencies; or, loss of wings.
399
Or, by the star Budha.
400
Or, his body was destroyed.
401
Or, Sumitrā, wife of Daçaratha.