Грамматика и лексика английского языка для среднего уровня. Учебник английского языка для школьников (A2–B1) с лексикой, грамматикой и топиками

Word Power

1. get up

Значение: вставать (с кровати)

I usually get up at 7 a.m.

Я обычно встаю в 7 утра.

She gets up early on weekdays.

Она встаёт рано по будням.

2. be responsible for

Значение: быть ответственным за что-то

I am responsible for my homework.

Я отвечаю за свою домашнюю работу.

He is responsible for cleaning his room.

Он отвечает за уборку своей комнаты.

3. on time

Значение: вовремя

We arrive at school on time.

Мы приходим в школу вовремя.

She finishes her project on time.

Она заканчивает свой проект вовремя.

4. take part in

Значение: принимать участие в

I take part in school events.

Я принимаю участие в школьных мероприятиях.

Many students take part in sports competitions.

Многие ученики участвуют в спортивных соревнованиях.

Grammar Focus

Present Simple (Настоящее простое время)

Когда используется:

для регулярных действий;

для привычек;

для фактов и расписаний.

Формула:

I/You/We/They + verb

He/She/It + verb + -s

Отрицание:

do not (don’t) + verb

does not (doesn’t) + verb

Вопрос:

Do/Does + subject + verb?

Примеры:

I get up at 7 every day.

Я встаю в 7 каждый день.

She takes part in school clubs.

Она участвует в школьных кружках.

We don’t arrive late.

Мы не приходим поздно.

Does he finish his homework in the evening?

Он заканчивает домашнюю работу вечером?

Mini Practice

She ______ (get) up at 6:30.

We ______ (not / arrive) late.

______ you ______ (take) part in clubs?

Tom ______ (do) his homework after school.

Reading Text

Starting a new school year always feels exciting. I usually get up at 7 a.m., but on the first day I get up at 6:30 because I want to arrive on time. I don’t like being late. When I arrive on time, I feel calm and ready to learn.

Every morning, I have breakfast with my family and then I walk to school. I am responsible for packing my school bag. I check my books and notebooks carefully. My sister sometimes forgets her homework, but I always remember mine because I am responsible for my tasks.

At school, I take part in different activities. I take part in the school football team and the art club. Taking part in activities helps me make friends and feel confident. This year, I am also responsible for organizing class materials. I make sure everything is ready and students can find what they need.

My daily routine is simple, but it helps me stay organized. I get up early, arrive on time, and take part in school life. These habits help me enjoy every new beginning.

Check Your Understanding

What time does the writer usually get up?

Why does the writer get up earlier on the first day?

Why does the writer feel calm at school?

Why does taking part in activities help the writer?

Do you think daily routines are important? Why or why not?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice

«On time» means:

a) very early

b) at the correct time

c) late

«Be responsible for» means:

a) have a duty to do something

b) forget something

c) dislike something

«Take part in» means:

a) watch

b) join

c) leave

«Get up» means:

a) go to bed

b) stand or rise from bed

c) sit down

Exercise 2 – Matching

Match the words with their translations:

get up

on time

take part in

be responsible for

a) быть ответственным за

b) вовремя

c) вставать

d) принимать участие в

Answer Key

Grammar Focus – Mini Practice

She gets up at 6:30.

We do not (don’t) arrive late.

Do you take part in clubs?

Tom does his homework after school.

Check Your Understanding – Suggested Answers

The writer usually gets up at 7 a.m.

The writer gets up earlier because he/she wants to arrive on time.

The writer feels calm because he/she arrives on time.

Taking part in activities helps the writer make friends and feel confident.

Students’ own answers. (Possible answer: Yes, they are important because they help us stay organized.)

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1

1 – b

2 – a

3 – b

4 – b

Exercise 2

1 – c

2 – b

3 – d

4 – a

Word Power

1. get along with

Значение: ладить с кем-то

I get along with my classmates.

Я лажу со своими одноклассниками.

She doesn’t get along with her brother.

Она не ладит со своим братом.

2. have a lot in common

Значение: иметь много общего

We have a lot in common, like music and sports.

У нас много общего, например музыка и спорт.

They have a lot in common, so they are good friends.

У них много общего, поэтому они хорошие друзья.

3. be interested in

Значение: интересоваться чем-то

I am interested in photography.

Я интересуюсь фотографией.

He is interested in science and technology.

Он интересуется наукой и технологиями.

4. reliable

Значение: надёжный

Anna is very reliable.

Анна очень надёжная.

You can trust him because he is reliable.

Ты можешь доверять ему, потому что он надёжный.

Grammar Focus

Adverbs of Frequency (Наречия частоты)

Использование:

Наречия частоты показывают, как часто происходит действие.

Основные наречия:

always – всегда

usually – обычно

often – часто

sometimes – иногда

never – никогда

Позиция в предложении:

перед основным глаголом:

I usually get along with my classmates.

после глагола to be:

She is always reliable.

Примеры:

I often spend time with my friends.

Я часто провожу время с друзьями.

She is always helpful.

Она всегда отзывчивая.

We sometimes argue, but we always get along again.

Мы иногда спорим, но всегда снова миримся.

He never forgets his friends’ birthdays.

Он никогда не забывает дни рождения друзей.

Mini Practice

I ______ (always / be) honest with my friends.

She ______ (often / help) her classmates.

We ______ (sometimes / argue) about small things.

He ______ (never / be) late for meetings.

Reading Text

My circle of friends is small, but very important to me. I usually spend time with three close friends from my class. We often get along with each other because we have a lot in common. We like the same music and we are interested in sports.

My best friend Alex is very reliable. He is always ready to help. He never breaks his promises, and he is always honest. I am interested in art, and he is interested in design, so we have a lot in common. We sometimes disagree, but we usually solve our problems quickly.

Maria is different. She is very active and often organizes our meetings. She is always positive and sometimes tells funny stories. We get along with her easily because she respects everyone’s opinion.

We usually meet after school. We sometimes do homework together, but we often just talk and laugh. I think it is important to have friends you get along with and people who are reliable. Good friends always support each other.

Check Your Understanding

How many close friends does the writer have?

What are Alex and the writer interested in?

Why do the friends get along with each other?

Why is Alex described as reliable?

Do you prefer a small or large circle of friends? Why?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice

«Reliable» means:

a) funny

b) honest and trustworthy

c) lazy

«Have a lot in common» means:

a) share similar interests

b) argue a lot

c) study together

«Get along with» means:

a) fight with

b) avoid

c) have a good relationship

«Be interested in» means:

a) dislike

b) want to know more about

c) forget

Exercise 2 – Matching

reliable

get along with

have a lot in common

be interested in

a) интересоваться

b) иметь много общего

c) ладить с

d) надёжный

Answer Key

Grammar Focus – Mini Practice

I am always honest with my friends.

She often helps her classmates.

We sometimes argue about small things.

He is never late for meetings.

Check Your Understanding – Suggested Answers

The writer has three close friends.

The writer is interested in art, and Alex is interested in design.

They get along because they have a lot in common and respect each other.

Alex is reliable because he always helps and never breaks promises.

Students’ own answers. (Example: I prefer a small circle because it is easier to trust people.)

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1

1 – b

2 – a

3 – c

4 – b

Exercise 2

1 – d

2 – c

3 – b

4 – a

Life at School

Word Power

1. hand in

Значение: сдавать (работу, задание)

I am handing in my project today.

Я сегодня сдаю свой проект.

She is handing in her homework now.

Она сейчас сдаёт домашнюю работу.

2. pay attention

Значение: обращать внимание

We are paying attention to the teacher.

Мы внимательно слушаем учителя.

He isn’t paying attention in class.

Он не обращает внимания на уроке.

3. work on

Значение: работать над чем-то

I am working on a science project.

Я работаю над научным проектом.

They are working on a group task.

Они работают над групповым заданием.

4. take notes

Значение: делать записи

She is taking notes during the lesson.

Она делает записи во время урока.

We are taking notes about the new topic.

Мы делаем записи по новой теме.

Grammar Focus

Present Continuous (Настоящее длительное время)

Когда используется:

для действий, которые происходят сейчас;

для временных ситуаций;

для запланированных действий в ближайшем будущем.

Формула:

am / is / are + verb + -ing

Отрицание:

am not / is not / are not + verb + -ing

Вопрос:

Am/Is/Are + subject + verb + -ing?

Примеры:

I am working on my project now.

Я сейчас работаю над проектом.

She is taking notes.

Она делает записи.

We are not talking during the lesson.

Мы не разговариваем во время урока.

Are they paying attention?

Они внимательно слушают?

Mini Practice

I ______ (work) on my homework right now.

She ______ (not / listen) to the teacher.

______ they ______ (take) notes?

We ______ (prepare) for a test this week.

Reading Text (185 words)

School life is busy, and something interesting is always happening. Right now, I am sitting in my English class. Our teacher is explaining a new grammar topic, and we are taking notes carefully. Some students are asking questions, and everyone is paying attention.

This week, we are working on a group project about the environment. My team is preparing a presentation, and I am creating slides. Two of my classmates are collecting information, and one student is designing a poster. We are all working hard because we are handing in the project on Friday.

In the science lab, students are doing experiments. They are wearing special glasses and writing down results. In the art room, some students are painting, and others are working on creative designs.

Life at school is not boring. Teachers are helping us learn new things, and we are developing new skills. Every day, we are learning, improving, and growing. Right now, I am thinking about my future and how school is preparing me for it.

Check Your Understanding

What class is the writer sitting in?

When are the students handing in the project?

Why are the students working hard on the project?

Why is school not boring for the writer?

What are you doing in your English classes these days?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice

«Hand in» means:

a) receive

b) submit

c) lose

«Pay attention» means:

a) listen carefully

b) ignore

c) sleep

«Work on» means:

a) finish

b) start

c) spend time doing

«Take notes» means:

a) draw pictures

b) write important information

c) speak loudly

Exercise 2 – Matching

hand in

pay attention

work on

take notes

a) работать над

b) сдавать

c) делать записи

d) обращать внимание

Answer Key

Grammar Focus – Mini Practice

I am working on my homework right now.

She is not (isn’t) listening to the teacher.

Are they taking notes?

We are preparing for a test this week.

Check Your Understanding – Suggested Answers

The writer is sitting in an English class.

They are handing in the project on Friday.

They are working hard because the project is important and they want to do well.

School is not boring because students are learning new things and doing different activities.

Students’ own answers. (Example: We are reading texts and practicing grammar.)

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1

1 – b

2 – a

3 – c

4 – b

Exercise 2

1 – b

2 – d

3 – a

4 – c

Word Power

1. hang out

Значение: проводить время (в компании)

I like to hang out with my friends after school.

Мне нравится проводить время с друзьями после школы.

We often hang out at the park.

Мы часто проводим время в парке.

2. be into

Значение: увлекаться чем-то

I am into photography.

Я увлекаюсь фотографией.

She is really into Korean music.

Она очень увлекается корейской музыкой.

3. spend time

Значение: проводить время

I enjoy spending time with my family.

Мне нравится проводить время с семьёй.

He spends time practicing the guitar.

Он проводит время, тренируясь играть на гитаре.

4. try out

Значение: пробовать что-то новое

I want to try out a new sport.

Я хочу попробовать новый вид спорта.

She is trying out for the school team.

Она пробуется в школьную команду.

Grammar Focus

Like / Love / Enjoy + -ing

После глаголов like, love, enjoy используется глагол с окончанием -ing.

Формула:

like + verb + -ing

love + verb + -ing

enjoy + verb + -ing

Примеры:

I like watching movies.

Мне нравится смотреть фильмы.

She loves playing volleyball.

Она любит играть в волейбол.

We enjoy spending time together.

Нам нравится проводить время вместе.

He doesn’t like getting up early on weekends.

Ему не нравится вставать рано по выходным.

Mini Practice

I enjoy ______ (read) adventure stories.

She likes ______ (hang out) with friends.

We love ______ (play) board games.

He doesn’t like ______ (do) homework on Sundays.

Reading Text

Free time is very important to me because I like relaxing and doing things I enjoy. After school, I often hang out with my friends. We like talking about music and watching funny videos. I enjoy spending time with people who make me laugh.

I am really into basketball, so I love playing it in the evening. My best friend enjoys watching games, but I prefer playing. We both like being active. On weekends, we sometimes try out new activities. Last month, we tried out skateboarding. It was difficult at first, but we enjoyed learning something new.

My sister is into art. She loves drawing and enjoys creating digital designs. I sometimes join her because I like trying creative activities too. We enjoy listening to music while we are working.

Free time helps me relax and feel happy. I like spending time with friends, I love playing sports, and I enjoy trying new things. Doing activities I like makes my life more interesting and exciting.

Check Your Understanding

What sport is the writer into?

What new activity did the writer try out last month?

Why is free time important for the writer?

Why does the writer enjoy spending time with friends?

What activities do you like doing in your free time?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 – Multiple Choice

«Hang out» means:

a) study

b) spend time together

c) travel

«Be into» means:

a) dislike

b) forget

c) be interested in

«Try out» means:

a) test or try something new

b) stop

c) win

«Spend time» means:

a) waste time

b) use time doing something

c) save time

Exercise 2 – Matching

hang out

be into

try out

spend time

a) проводить время

b) пробовать

c) увлекаться

d) проводить время (в компании)

Answer Key

Grammar Focus – Mini Practice

reading

hanging out

playing

doing

Check Your Understanding – Suggested Answers

The writer is into basketball.

The writer tried out skateboarding.

Free time is important because it helps the writer relax and feel happy.

The writer enjoys spending time with friends because they make him/her laugh.

Students’ own answers. (Example: I like playing video games and listening to music.)

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1

1 – b

2 – c

3 – a

4 – b

Exercise 2

1 – d

2 – c

3 – b

4 – a

Word Power

1. deal with

Значение: справляться с, решать (проблему)

I deal with my homework after dinner.

Я справляюсь с домашним заданием после ужина.

She is dealing with a difficult task right now.

Она сейчас разбирается со сложным заданием.

2. run out of

Значение: заканчиваться (о времени, деньгах, вещах)

We run out of time before the lesson ends.

У нас заканчивается время до конца урока.

I am running out of paper at the moment.

У меня сейчас заканчивается бумага.

3. keep up with

Значение: успевать за, не отставать

I try to keep up with my classmates.

Я стараюсь не отставать от одноклассников.

She is keeping up with her studies this term.

В этом семестре она успевает по учёбе.

4. be under pressure

Значение: быть под давлением

I am under pressure before exams.

Я под давлением перед экзаменами.

He feels under pressure this week.

Он чувствует давление на этой неделе.

Grammar Focus

Present Simple vs Present Continuous

Present Simple используется для:

регулярных действий;

привычек;

фактов.

Present Continuous используется для:

действий, происходящих сейчас;

временных ситуаций;

запланированных действий.

Сравните:

I do my homework every evening.

Я делаю домашнюю работу каждый вечер.

I am doing my homework right now.

Я сейчас делаю домашнюю работу.

She feels under pressure before exams.

Она чувствует давление перед экзаменами.

She is preparing for a big test this week.

На этой неделе она готовится к важному тесту.

Mini Practice

I usually ______ (finish) my homework at 8 p.m.

I ______ (study) for a test right now.

She often ______ (feel) under pressure before exams.

They ______ (work) on a group project this week.

Reading Text

This week is especially busy for me. I usually wake up at 7 a.m. and follow my normal routine, but this week I am waking up earlier because I have many responsibilities. I always try to keep up with my homework, but right now I am working on three different projects.

On Mondays, I have basketball practice. I usually enjoy it, but this week I am feeling tired because I am not sleeping enough. We often have short breaks during practice, but yesterday we didn’t have time because we were preparing for a competition.

At school, I sometimes feel stressed before tests. I often feel under pressure, especially in math class. This week, I am preparing for two important exams, so I am studying every evening. I don’t usually run out of time, but today I am running out of time because I have extra tasks.