Английский язык для старшей школы. Темы, лексика и практика речи

© Том Сториз, 2026

ISBN 978-5-0070-4282-6

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Введение

Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для учащихся старшей школы, изучающих английский язык как иностранный. Его основная цель заключается в развитии коммуникативной компетенции, формировании устойчивых языковых навыков и расширении лексического запаса в контексте актуальных для подростков тем.

Материал пособия организован по тематическому принципу. Каждая глава посвящена отдельной сфере повседневной жизни и включает связный текст, отражающий реальные ситуации общения. Тексты написаны на доступном и естественном английском языке с использованием как простых, так и более сложных синтаксических конструкций. Это позволяет учащимся постепенно развивать навыки понимания и использования языка в устной и письменной речи.

Особое внимание уделено формированию активного словарного запаса. В каждой главе представлен список ключевых выражений и устойчивых словосочетаний, которые необходимы для повседневного общения. Дополнительно предлагаются речевые модели, направленные на развитие навыков говорения и построения собственных высказываний.

Практическая часть пособия включает задания, ориентированные на личный опыт учащихся. Вопросы предполагают развернутые ответы, что способствует развитию самостоятельного мышления и умения выражать собственное мнение на английском языке. Образцы ответов служат ориентиром и демонстрируют возможные варианты использования изученной лексики и грамматических структур.

Отдельное внимание уделено развитию навыков развернутого высказывания. Учащимся предлагается расширять ответы с использованием ключевых выражений, аргументации и примеров. Такой подход способствует формированию связной и логичной речи.

Заключительный блок заданий в каждой теме направлен на закрепление лексического материала. Упражнения на заполнение пропусков позволяют проверить понимание и активизировать изученные слова и выражения.

Пособие может использоваться как на уроках английского языка, так и для самостоятельной работы. Оно ориентировано на постепенное развитие языковых навыков и формирование уверенности в использовании английского языка в различных ситуациях общения.

Daily Routines and Time Management

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Most people have a daily routine, even if they don’t always think about it. A routine is the way you organize your day, from the moment you wake up to the time you go to bed. Having a clear routine can make your life easier and help you feel more in control of your time.

For many students, the day starts early. You wake up, get ready, and have breakfast. Some people check their phones right away, while others prefer a quiet start. For example, you might drink a cup of tea and think about what you need to do. Although mornings can be difficult, they are important because they set the tone for the whole day.

At school, time management becomes very important. You have lessons, homework, and sometimes extra activities. If you don’t plan your time, you can easily fall behind. That’s why many students make a to-do list. It helps you keep track of your tasks and stay focused.

However, it’s not always easy to follow your plan. Sometimes you feel tired or distracted. For instance, you may want to scroll through social media instead of studying. This is normal, but it’s important to find a balance. You don’t have to study all the time, but you should try to use your time wisely.

In the afternoon, people often feel more energetic. This is a good time to do homework or work on projects. Some students prefer to study alone, while others like working in groups. Both options have their advantages. Studying alone helps you concentrate, but group work allows you to share ideas and learn from others.

In the evening, it’s important to relax and take a break. You can watch a movie, listen to music, or spend time with your family. At the same time, you should prepare for the next day. For example, you can pack your bag or check your schedule. This helps you avoid stress in the morning.

Good time management is not about being busy all the time. It’s about making smart choices. If you plan your day well, you will have time for both work and rest. Although it takes practice, it is a very useful skill for school and for life.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

daily routine — распорядок дня

manage your time — управлять временем

get ready — собираться

set the tone — задавать тон

fall behind — отставать

to-do list — список дел

keep track of — отслеживать

stay focused — оставаться сосредоточенным

get distracted — отвлекаться

scroll through social media — листать соцсети

find a balance — находить баланс

use time wisely — использовать время разумно

feel energetic — чувствовать себя энергичным

work on a project — работать над проектом

study alone — учиться одному

share ideas — делиться идеями

take a break — делать перерыв

spend time with — проводить время с

prepare for — готовиться к

avoid stress — избегать стресса

make smart choices — принимать разумные решения

Useful Patterns

I usually start my day by… — Я обычно начинаю день с…

I prefer to… because… — Я предпочитаю…, потому что…

It helps me to… — Это помогает мне…

Sometimes I feel…, so I… — Иногда я чувствую…, поэтому я…

I try to… but sometimes… — Я стараюсь…, но иногда…

One of the reasons is that… — Одна из причин в том, что…

For example,… — Например,…

In my opinion,… — По моему мнению,…

Practice: Answer the Questions

What does your typical day look like?

Do you prefer mornings or evenings? Why?

How do you manage your time at school?

Do you often get distracted? What distracts you?

Do you prefer studying alone or with others? Why?

What do you usually do in the evening?

Model Answers

I usually start my day by waking up early and checking my to-do list. It helps me stay focused and manage my time better.

I prefer evenings because I feel more energetic. For example, I can work on my homework more effectively at that time.

I manage my time by making a to-do list and trying to follow it. It helps me not to fall behind at school.

Yes, I sometimes get distracted by social media. I try to use my time wisely, but it’s not always easy.

I prefer studying alone because I can concentrate better. However, sometimes I like to share ideas with my friends.

In the evening, I usually take a break and spend time with my family. I also prepare for the next day.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

I usually prefer doing my homework in the evening because I feel more energetic and can stay focused. For example, I often work on a project and try to use my time wisely so I don’t fall behind.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

I usually __________ my day by checking my phone.

It’s important to __________ your time wisely.

I sometimes get __________ by social media.

A to-do list helps me __________ my tasks.

In the evening, I like to __________ and relax.

Morning vs Evening People

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People often say that there are two types of people in the world: morning people and evening people. Morning people, or «early birds,» like to wake up early and start their day right away. Evening people, or «night owls,» feel more active later in the day and prefer to stay up late. Although this idea sounds simple, it actually says a lot about how we live and work.

Morning people usually wake up feeling fresh and ready to go. They like to start their day early, have breakfast, and plan their tasks. For them, the morning is the most productive time. For example, they may prefer to study, do homework, or exercise before school. Because they start early, they often feel more organized and less stressed.

On the other hand, evening people may find mornings difficult. They often feel sleepy when they wake up and need more time to get ready. However, as the day goes on, they become more energetic. In the evening, they can concentrate better and work more effectively. That is why many night owls prefer to do their homework or creative tasks late at night.

Of course, your daily schedule does not always depend on your preferences. Students usually have to follow a fixed timetable. Even if you are a night owl, you still need to wake up early for school. This can be challenging because your natural rhythm does not match your schedule. As a result, you may feel tired or less productive during the day.

Some people try to change their habits to fit their schedule. For instance, they go to bed earlier and avoid using their phones at night. Although it is not easy, small changes can make a big difference. For example, going to bed at the same time every day can help you develop a healthier routine.

It is also important to listen to your body. If you know that you work better in the evening, you can plan your most difficult tasks for that time. At the same time, you should not ignore your responsibilities. Finding a balance between your natural rhythm and your daily schedule is the key.

In the end, there is no «perfect» type of person. Both morning people and evening people have their strengths. What really matters is how well you understand yourself and how effectively you use your time.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

morning people — люди, которые рано встают

evening people — люди, активные вечером

early bird — жаворонок

night owl — сова

wake up early — рано просыпаться

feel fresh — чувствовать себя бодрым

start the day — начинать день

be productive — быть продуктивным

get ready — собираться

feel sleepy — чувствовать сонливость

as the day goes on — по мере того как проходит день

feel energetic — чувствовать энергию

concentrate better — лучше концентрироваться

work effectively — работать эффективно

daily schedule — ежедневное расписание

fixed timetable — фиксированное расписание

natural rhythm — биологический ритм

go to bed — ложиться спать

develop a routine — выработать привычку

make a difference — иметь значение

listen to your body — прислушиваться к своему телу

find a balance — находить баланс

Useful Patterns

I am more of a… — Я скорее…

I usually feel… in the morning/evening — Я обычно чувствую себя… утром/вечером

It depends on… — Это зависит от…

I find it easy/difficult to… — Мне легко/сложно…

One problem is that… — Одна проблема в том, что…

That is why… — Вот почему…

At the same time,… — В то же время,…

In the end,… — В конце концов,…

Practice: Answer the Questions

Are you a morning person or a night owl?

How do you usually feel in the morning?

When are you most productive during the day?

Do you find it easy to wake up early? Why or why not?

What do you usually do in the evening?

Would you like to change your daily routine? Why?

Model Answers

I am more of a night owl because I feel more energetic in the evening. That is when I can concentrate better.

In the morning, I usually feel a bit sleepy, so it is difficult for me to start the day quickly.

I am most productive in the afternoon and evening because I can work more effectively at that time.

I find it difficult to wake up early because my natural rhythm is different.

In the evening, I usually do my homework and sometimes watch videos to relax.

I would like to change my routine because I want to feel less tired in the morning.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

I am more of a night owl because I feel more energetic in the evening and can concentrate better. For example, I usually do my homework at night because I work more effectively at that time.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

I usually __________ early on school days.

In the morning, I often feel __________.

I can __________ better in the evening.

My daily __________ is very busy.

I try to __________ a healthy routine.

Healthy Lifestyle and Habits

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A healthy lifestyle is not just about looking good. It is about feeling well, having enough energy, and taking care of your body and mind. Many people think that being healthy means following strict rules, but in reality, it is about building simple habits that you can keep every day.

One of the most important parts of a healthy lifestyle is regular physical activity. You don’t have to go to the gym every day to stay fit. For example, you can go for a walk, ride a bike, or do some exercises at home. The main idea is to stay active. When you move your body, you feel more energetic and less stressed.

Another key factor is a balanced diet. This means eating different types of food, including fruits, vegetables, proteins, and healthy fats. Of course, it is okay to eat fast food or sweets sometimes, but you should not do it too often. If you eat too much unhealthy food, you may feel tired and lose energy. That’s why it is important to make smart choices about what you eat.

Sleep also plays a big role in your health. Many teenagers do not get enough sleep because they stay up late or use their phones at night. However, lack of sleep can affect your mood, concentration, and overall health. If you want to feel better during the day, you should try to go to bed at the same time every night and avoid screens before sleep.

In addition to physical health, mental health is just as important. You should find time to relax and do things you enjoy. For example, you can listen to music, read a book, or spend time with your friends. Taking breaks and having fun helps you reduce stress and stay positive.

It is also important to develop good habits step by step. You don’t need to change your whole lifestyle in one day. Start with small changes, like drinking more water or going to bed earlier. Over time, these habits can become a natural part of your daily routine.

Of course, it is not always easy to stay healthy. Sometimes you feel tired or unmotivated. However, if you keep trying and don’t give up, you will see results. A healthy lifestyle is not about being perfect. It is about making better choices and taking care of yourself every day.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

healthy lifestyle — здоровый образ жизни

take care of — заботиться о

build habits — формировать привычки

stay active — оставаться активным

physical activity — физическая активность

go for a walk — идти на прогулку

feel energetic — чувствовать энергию

balanced diet — сбалансированное питание

make smart choices — делать разумный выбор

unhealthy food — вредная еда

lose energy — терять энергию

get enough sleep — высыпаться

lack of sleep — недостаток сна

affect your mood — влиять на настроение

go to bed — ложиться спать

mental health — психическое здоровье

reduce stress — снижать стресс

stay positive — сохранять позитивный настрой

develop habits — вырабатывать привычки

step by step — шаг за шагом

give up — сдаваться

see results — видеть результат

Useful Patterns

I try to… — Я стараюсь…

It is important to… — Важно…

One of the best ways to… is to… — Один из лучших способов… — это…

I don’t always…, but I try to… — Я не всегда…, но стараюсь…

For example,… — Например,…

Because of this,… — Из-за этого…

That’s why… — Вот почему…

In my opinion,… — По моему мнению,…

Practice: Answer the Questions

What does a healthy lifestyle mean to you?

Do you do any physical activities?

What kind of food do you usually eat?

Do you get enough sleep?

How do you relax after a busy day?

What healthy habits would you like to develop?

Model Answers

A healthy lifestyle means taking care of my body and mind. I try to stay active and eat a balanced diet.

Yes, I do some physical activity. For example, I go for a walk and sometimes do exercises at home.

I usually eat simple food, but I try to make smart choices and avoid too much unhealthy food.

I don’t always get enough sleep, but I try to go to bed earlier.

I relax by listening to music or spending time with my friends. It helps me reduce stress.

I would like to develop better habits, such as going to bed earlier and staying more active.

Expand Your Answer

Try to give a longer answer. Use at least 2—3 expressions from the vocabulary list and add one reason or example.

Example answer:

I try to live a healthy lifestyle by staying active and eating a balanced diet. For example, I often go for a walk and try to make smart choices about food because I want to feel more energetic.

Practice: Complete the Sentences

I try to __________ care of my health every day.

It is important to __________ active.

I want to develop good __________.

I don’t always get enough __________.

Healthy food helps me feel more __________.

Sleep and Energy

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Sleep plays a very important role in our lives, especially for teenagers. It affects how we feel, how we think, and how much energy we have during the day. Many students underestimate the importance of sleep, but without it, it is difficult to stay focused and productive.

When you get enough sleep, your body has time to rest and recover. You wake up feeling fresh and ready to start the day. It becomes easier to concentrate at school, remember information, and stay active. On the other hand, if you don’t sleep well, you may feel tired, slow, and even a bit irritated.

One common problem is staying up too late. Many teenagers use their phones before going to bed, scroll through social media, or watch videos. Although it may seem relaxing, it actually makes it harder to fall asleep. The bright screen and constant information keep your brain active, so your body doesn’t feel ready for rest.

Another issue is having an irregular sleep schedule. Going to bed at different times every night can confuse your body. As a result, you may find it difficult to wake up in the morning and feel sleepy during the day. That’s why it is important to develop a regular routine and go to bed at the same time.

Energy levels also depend on your daily habits. For example, physical activity can help you feel more energetic, while too much time sitting can make you feel tired. Eating healthy food and drinking enough water also play a role. If you take care of your body, you will have more energy for your daily tasks.

Short breaks during the day can also help you stay active. If you feel tired while studying, it is a good idea to take a short break and relax. However, long naps during the day can affect your sleep at night, so it is better to avoid them or keep them short.

Of course, it is not always easy to get enough sleep. School, homework, and other responsibilities can take a lot of time. However, if you manage your time well and make sleep a priority, you will feel better and have more energy.

In the end, sleep is not a waste of time. It is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle. If you sleep well, you can think clearly, feel better, and do your best every day.

Key Vocabulary and Expressions

get enough sleep — высыпаться

feel energetic — чувствовать себя энергичным

stay focused — оставаться сосредоточенным

be productive — быть продуктивным

rest and recover — отдыхать и восстанавливаться

wake up — просыпаться

feel fresh — чувствовать себя бодрым

feel tired — чувствовать усталость

stay up late — поздно ложиться

fall asleep — засыпать

scroll through — листать

keep your brain active — держать мозг активным

sleep schedule — режим сна

go to bed — ложиться спать

wake up early — рано просыпаться

energy levels — уровень энергии

daily habits — ежедневные привычки

take a break — делать перерыв

short nap — короткий сон

make sleep a priority — делать сон приоритетом

healthy lifestyle — здоровый образ жизни

Useful Patterns

I usually feel… when I… — Я обычно чувствую…, когда…

It is difficult to… if… — Сложно…, если…

One reason is that… — Одна из причин в том, что…

That’s why… — Вот почему…

I try to… — Я стараюсь…

For example,… — Например,…

As a result,… — В результате,…

In the end,… — В конце концов,…

Practice: Answer the Questions

How many hours do you usually sleep?

Do you feel energetic in the morning?

Do you use your phone before going to bed?

Do you have a regular sleep schedule?

What helps you feel more energetic during the day?

Do you take breaks when you feel tired?

Model Answers

I usually sleep about seven hours a night. Sometimes it is not enough, so I feel tired.

I don’t always feel energetic in the morning because I often stay up late.

Yes, I use my phone before going to bed, and it makes it difficult to fall asleep.

I try to have a regular sleep schedule, but it is not always easy.

Physical activity and healthy food help me feel more energetic during the day.