A Gothic Grammar

Jaeirus, pr. n., Jairus; Mk. V, 22. [< Ἰάειρος.]

jah (the h being often assimilated to a follg. sound; 62, n. 3), conj. (217), (1) and (καί); Mt. V, 18. 19. 20. 23. 24. 25. 29. 30. 32. 38. 41-45. 47 (the 1st). VI, 2. 4. 5. 6. 12 (the 1st). 13. 17-20. 25. 26. 28. Mk. I, 4-7. 9-13. 15-26. 27 (the 1st). 29 (the 1st) -38 (the 1st and 2nd). 39-45. II, 1-4. 6. 8. 9. 11-14. 15 (all but the 2nd) -25. 26 (the 1st and 2nd). 27. III, 1-8. 9. 11-19 (the 1st). 20-28. 31-34. IV, 1. 2. 4-9. 11. 12. 13. 15-21. 24. 25 (the 1st). 26. 27. 30. 32. 33. 35-41 (all but the 3d). V, 1-7. 9. 10. 12-26. 29-34. 37-43. Lu. II, 3. 7-10. 12. 13. 14. 15 (1st and 3d). 16. 18. 20. 21. 22. 24-28. 30. 33-40. 42-52. II. Cor. I, 1. 2. 3. 6. 10. 12. 15-22. II, 2. 3. 4. 7. 12. 14. 15. 16. III, 2. 13. IV, 7. 14 (the 2nd). 16. 17. V, 2. 6. 8. 12. 15. 18. 19. Skeir. VII, a (the 1st and 3d). b. c (the 3d). d. (2) also (καί); sumtimes it is merely emfatic: even, indeed, or may remain untranslated in E.; Mt. V, 39. 40. 46. 47 (the 2nd). VI, 10. 12 (the 2nd). 14. 21. 24. Mk. I, 27 (the 2nd). 38 (the 3d). II, 15 (the 2nd). 26 (the 3d). 28. III, 19 (the 2nd). IV, 25 (the 2nd). 41 (the 3d). Lu. II, 15 (the 2nd). II. Cor. I, 5. 7. 8. 11. 13. 14. II, 10. III, 6. IV, 6. 11. 13 (the 2nd). 14 (the 1st). V, 3. 4. 5. 11. Skeir. VII, a (the 2nd). c (the 1st and 2nd). (3) and, but (δέ); Mt. VI, 30. —in þizei jah, and therefore; II. Cor. IV, 13. —jah…jah, both … and; II. Cor. V, 5 (But s. note). Cp. also Mk. III, 35. [OHG. joh (ahd gr., 25, n. 1), MHG. joch, and, also.]

jainar, adv. (213, n. 1), there; Mt. V, 23. 24. Mk. I, 35. 38. II, 6. III, 1. V, 11. Lu. II, 6. [< jains + loc. suff. -r.]

jaind, adv. (213, n. 1), there, thither. [< jains + loc. suff. -d. Cf. OE. geond, ME. yond, NE. yond (obs.), adv., yonder.]

jaindrê, adv. (213, n. 1), there, thither. [< jains + suff. -drê. ME. NE. yonder.]

jains (20, n. 4), dem. prn. (156), that, w. a sb., (1) without the art.; Mk. I, 9. II, 20. IV, 35. Lu. II, 1; jainis stadis, to the other side; Mk. IV, 35. (2) w. the art.; Mk. III, 24. 25; jainaim þaim ûta, to them (that ar) without; Mk. IV, 11. [OE. geon, ME. ᵹon, NE. yon.]

jainþrô, adv. (213, n. 1), thense; Mt. V, 26. Mk. I, 19. [< jains + suff. -þrô.]

jaþþê (62, n. 3), conj. (153, n. 2; 218), and if, jaþþê…jaþþê, either … or, whether … or; II. Cor. I, 6. V, 9. 10. 13. [< jah (þ for h; s. jah) + þê, instr. of þata; s. sa.]

jau, interr. adv. (216), whether, if.

jêr, n. (94), year; Mk. V, 25. 42. Lu. II, 36. 37. 41. Skeir. VII, d. [OE. geâr, gêr, ME. yêr, NE. year.]

jôta, m. (108), iota, jot; Mt. V, 18. [< ἰῶτα, iota.]

ju, adv. (214, n. 1), now, alredy; Mt. V, 28. Lu. II, 15. [OE. iû, giû, adv., alredy, onse, formerly.]

juggs (124), adj. (124), new, fresh; Mk. II, 22. yung; Lu. II, 24. —sa jûhiza (15; 66, n. 1), compar. (135, n. 1), the yunger. [OE. geong, giung, ME. ᵹong, ᵹung, NE. yung.]

juk, n. (94), yoke, pair. [OE. geoc, gioc, n., ME. ᵹok, NE. yoke.]

jus, pers. prn. 2nd pers. pl.; s. þu. [Cf. OE. nom. gê, gen. êower, dat. êow, acc. êowic; ME. nom. yê, gen. your, dat. you, acc. you (prop. dat.), NE. nom. ye, you (prop. dat.), (gen. your, poss., s. izwara), dat. you, acc. you (prop. dat.).]

ju-þan, adv., alredy; Mk. IV, 37; juþan ni, no longer, no more; Mk. I, 4. 5. II, 2.

Kafarnaum, indecl. pr. n., Capernaum, in acc.; Mk. I, 21. II, 1. [< Καπερναούμ.]

kaisar, m. (91, n. 4; 119), Cesar; dat. -a; Lu. II, 1. [< καῖσαρ.]

Kajafa (52), pr. n., Cajaphas. [< Καϊαφάς.]

kalbô, f. (112), female calf, hefer. [OHG. chalba, kalba, MHG. kalbe, f. Its orig. stem appears in OE. cealf-ru, pl., but cealf, sing. (without the orig. s: z: r-suff.), ME. cælf, kalf, NE. calf.]

kalds, adj. (124), cold. [Orig. a ptc. (da- being suff.), < √ kal, in OE. ME. côle, w. abl., NE. cool, OE. ceald, ME. cald, cold, NE. cold.]

kalkinassus, m. (105), adultery, fornication; Mt. V, 32. [< kalk- (seen in kalk-jô, or kalk-i, harlot, whore) + suff. -in-assu-.]

Kananeitês, pr. n. m., Canaanite; Mk. III, 18. [< Κανανίτης.]

kann, kan(n)t; s. kunnan, prt. – prs.

kannjan, wv. (188), to make known. – Cpds. ga-, us-k. [Factit. of kunnan. OE. (ge-)cennan, ME. (i-) kenne, to make known, and (by influence of ON. kenna, to know) to know, NE. ken, to know, recognize.]

kara, f. (97; karist; 204, n. 3), care; kara wisan, to concern, w. acc.; Mk. IV, 38 (without ist). [OE. cearu, f., ME. care, care, grief, NE. care.]

karkara, f. (97; 119), prison; Mt. V, 25. [< Lt. carcer, m., prison.]

kas, gen. kasis, n. (94), vessel, picher, pot; II. Cor. IV, 7; in pl. also goods (so in the E. version; gerät in G.). Mk. III, 27. [OHG. char, MHG. kar, n., vessel, dish.]

kaupatjan, wv. (187, n. 1), to strike with the palm of the hand, to cuf, buffet.

Kaúrazein (57), pr. n., Chorazin. [< Χοραζείν.]

kaúrei, f. (113), weight, burden; II. Cor. IV, 17. [< kaúrus.]

Kaúrinþaíus, pr. n., a Corinthian; dat. pl. -aíum; II. Cor. superscr. (in B); or -ium (in A). [< Κορίνθιος.]

Kaúrinþô, pr. n., Corinth; dat. -ôn; II. Cor. I, 1. 23. [< Κόρινθος.]

kaúrjan, wv. (188), to press, burden, trubl, w. acc., in pass. the nom. (implied); II. Cor. I, 8. V, 4. – Cpd. ana-k. [< kaúrus.]

kaúrn, n. (94), corn, grain; Mk. IV, 28. [OE. corn, n., a grain, corn, ME. NE. corn.]

kaúrnô, n. (110), corn, grain of corn; Mk. IV, 31. [< kaúrn.]

kaúrus, adj. (131, n. 1), hevy, weighty, burdensum.

kawtsjô (39, n. 1), f. (112), security. [< Lt. cautio, security.]

Kêfas (6), pr. n., Cephas.

keinan, stv. (172, n. 2; 195, n. 2), to germinate, spring up, grow; Mk. IV, 27. [OE. cînan, ME. chine, to split, crack, burst, > NE. chink (w. k-suff.).]

kilþei, f. (113), womb. [S. inkilþô.]

kindins, m. (91), guvernor; k. wisan, to be guvernor, to guvern; Lu. II, 2.

kinnus, f. (105), cheek; Mt. V, 39. [OE. cin- (in composition), chin (but cheek in cin-bân, n., cheek-bone, cintôð, m., cheek-tooth), ME. chin, NE. chin.]

kintus, m. (105), farthing; Mt. V, 26. [Perhaps < a vulgar form of Lt. quintus, one fifth (of an 'as'); cp. MHG. quentîn (quintîn) one fourth (perhaps orig. one fifth of a 'lot' = about ½ ounce), < Vulgar Lt. quintînus < Lt. quintus, fifth.]

kiusan, stv. (173, n. 1), to test, prove, choose. [OE. cêosan, ME. chese, chose > NE. choose.]

kniu, n. (94, n. 1), knee; Mk. I, 40. [OE. cnêo, ME. kne, NE. knee.]

knôþs (74, n. 2), f. (103), race, stock. [OHG. chnôt, chnuat, f., race. Its stem, knô, = OE. cnô-, in cnôsl (w. suff. – sla-), race, kin.]

knussjan, wv., to kneel down; Mk. I, 40. [< *knussus, a kneeling, < stem knu-:kniw-, extended kniwa- > kniu.]

Krêks (8), m. (119), a Greek. [< Lt. Græcus.]

Krêta (6), pr. n., Crete. [< Κρήτη.]

kriustan, stv. (173, n. 1), to gnash.

-krôtôn (12, n. 1), wv. (190), in ga-k.

krusts, m. (101, n. 1), gnashing. [< kriustan.]

-kumbjan (54, n. 1), wv., in ana-, miþ-ana-k. [< Lt. – cumbere, in ac-c., to lie down, recline.]

kûmei, arise!; Mk. V, 41 [< κόυμι, arise!, < the Syrian.]

-kunds, adj. (124), denoting origin or kind, in aírþa-, guma-, himina-, qina-kunds. [Prop. an old ptc. < √ of kuni. OE. – cund (as in god-cund, divine), extended cynde, ME. kynde, kinde, natural, suitabl, kind, NE. kind.]

kuni, n. (93), kin, race, tribe; Lu. II, 36. [OE. cyn(n), n., ME. kin, kun, NE. kin.]

kunnan, prt. – prs. (199), to know, w. acc.; Mk. I, 34. IV, 11. 13. II. Cor. II, 4. (in pass. the nom.) III, 2. V, 16. 21. Skeir. VII, a; and an indir. question; Mk. I, 24; or bi w. dat.; II. Cor. V, 16. – Cpds. fra-, ga-k. [OE. cunnan; prs. sing. can, cǫn, ME. cunne, kunne, conne; prs. con, kan, can > NE. can.]

-kunnan, wv. (199, n. 1), in ana-, at-, ga-, uf-k. [< kunnan, abuv. OE. cunnian, ME. cunne, to try to find out, to try, test, NE. con (obs.), to consider, cun (Sc.).]

kunþa, prt. of kunnan, prt. – prs.

kunþi, n. (95), knowledge; II. Cor. II, 14. IV, 6. [< kunþs. OE. cŷð(ð), f. (?), ME. kith, MHG. künde, n., knowledge.]

-kunþjan; s. -swi-kunþjan.

kunþs, adj. (123; prop. pp.), known; II. Cor. III, 2; kunþa, sb. m. (107), acquaintance; Lu. II, 44. [< kunnan. OE. cûð (û < un), ME. cuth, adj., known, NE. – couth, in uncouth.]

kustus, m. (105), proof, trial, test; II. Cor. II, 9. [< kiusan + suff. -tu-. OE. cost (for cyst, s. ga-kusts), m., manner, ME. cost, cust, choice, quality, manner, OHG. chost, m., judgment, decision, > chostôn, MHG, NHG. kosten, to taste, try.]

Kyreinaíus, pr. n., Cyrenius; dat. -au; Lu. II, 2. [< Κυρήνιος.]

-Qaírnus (105), in asilu-qaírnus, milstone (lit. 'ass-mil', i. e. a mil turnd by an ass), mil. [OE. cweorn, cwyrn, f., mil, ME. cwern, quern, NE. quern, hand-mil.]

qaírrus, adj. (131), meek, gentl. [ON. kvær (stem *kverru-) beside kvirr (stem *kvirria-), stil, quiet, OHG. *churri, *cwirri, MHG. kürre, MG. kurre, kirre, NHG. kirre, adj., tame, familiar, submissiv.]

qam, prt. of qiman.

Qartus (59), pr. n., Quartus.

qaþ(-uh), prt. of qiþan (+ -uh).

qêmjau, qêmun, prt. of qiman.

qêns (qeins; 7, n. 2), f. (103), woman, wife; Mt. V, 31. 32. Lu. II, 5. [OE. cwên, f., ME. quene, wife, woman, queen, NE. queen. Cp. qinô.]

qêþun, prt. of qiþan.

qiman, stv. (175, n. 1), to cum, arrive, both lit. and trop.; Mt. VI, 10. Mk. I, 7. 9. III, 31. IV, 4. 15. 17. V, 22. 23. 33. II. Cor. II, 3; w. af w. dat.; Mk. III, 22. II. Cor. I, 16; at w. dat.; Mk. I, 40. II, 3. III, 8. II. Cor. I, 15. 16. II, 1; fram w. dat.; Mk. V, 35; hindar w. dat.; Mk. V, 1; in w. dat.; Mt. V, 20. Mk. I, 14. 29. V, 1. Lu. II, 27. 51. II. Cor. I, 23. II, 12; nêƕa w. dat.; Mk. II, 4; us w. dat.; Mk. I, 11; duþê (therefore); Mk. I, 38; a final clause w. duþê ei; Mk. IV, 21; inf. of purpose; Mt. V, 17. Mk. I, 24. II, 17. V, 14; a ptc.; Mk. I, 14. 40. II, 3. V, 35. Lu. II, 16; an acc. of time; Lu. II, 44. – Cpds. ana-, fra-, ga-, us-q. [OE. cuman (< *cwuman < *queman), ME. cume, come, NE. cum.]

qina-kunds (88a), adj. (124), female.

qinô, f. (112), woman; Mt. V, 28. Mk. V, 25. 33. Skeir. VII, a. [OE. cwene, f., woman, lady, ME. quene, wife, woman, quean, NE. quean, OHG. quena, chone, MHG. kone, f., woman. Cp. qêns.]

-qiss (76, n. 1), f., in cpds. [< qiþan + suff. -ti (ss < þt). OE. – cwiss, in gecwiss, f., harmony.]

qistjan, wv. (188), to destroy, in fra-, us-q. [< stem *qis-ti, destruction, = OHG. quist, f., destruction.]

-qistnan, wv. (194), in fra-q. [Cp. qistjan.]

qiþan, stv. (176, n. 1), to say, speak, tel, name, call, (1) w. acc. of the th. said; Mk. I, 42 (in pass. the nom.). Lu. II, 21; (2) w. a dependent sentence or frase, (a) dir.; Mt. V, 27. 38. 43. VI, 31. Mk. I, 7. 24. 25. 27. III, 30. 33. 34. IV, 9. 26. 30. V, 7. 30. Lu. II, 13. 28. Skeir. VII, a; (b) w. þatei; Mt. V, 31. Mk. I, 11. 15. II, 12. III, 11. 21. 22. V, 23. 28. 35. (3) w. acc. and inf.; II. Cor. IV, 6. (4) w. dat. of the pers. addrest and, (a) an acc. of th.; Mk. V, 33; or a voc.; Mt. V, 22 (raka, indecl.); (b) a dir. obj. sentence; Mt. V, 18. 21. 26. 33. 44. VI, 2. 25. Mk. I, 17. 41. II, 9. 11. 19. 27. IV, 2 (and in w. dat.). 11. V, 8. Skeir. VII, d; (c) an obj. clause w. þatei; Mt. V, 20. 22. 28. 32. 33. VI, 5. 16. 29. Mk. III, 28; (d) a final clause w. ei; Mk. III, 9; (e) an inf.; Mt. V, 34. 39; (f) bi w. acc.; Mk. I, 30. (5) w. du w. dat. of the pers. addrest, and, (a) a dir. sentence; Mk. I, 38. 44. II, 5. 8. 10. 14. 16. 17. 18. 24. 25. III, 3. 4. 5. 23. 32. IV, 13. 21. 24. 35. 38. 39. 40. 41. V, 9. 19. 31. 34. 36. 39. 41. Lu. II, 10. 15. 34. 48. 49; (b) an obj. clause w. þatei; Mk. I, 37. 40. (6) w. swaswê and in w. dat.; Lu. II, 24. – Cpd. us-q. [OE. cweðan (prt. cwæð), ME. queðe (prt. quað, quoð), NE. (be-)queath (prt. quoth).]

qiþus, m. (105), womb; Lu. II, 23. [ON. kviðr, m., stomach.]

-qiujan (42), wv. (187), to quicken, in ga-q. [< qius. OE. cwicjan, ME. quike, to make alive, OHG. quicchan in ir-qu., MHG. erquicken, to cause to revive, to refresh, NHG. erquicken, to refresh.]

-qiunan (42, n. 3), wv. (194), in ga-q., to becum alive. [< qius.]

*qius, adj. (124, n. 3), quick, living, alive. [< stem qiwa-. Cf. OE. cwic (o-stem); cwicu and cucu (< stem in – u), NE. quick.]

qrammiþa, f. (97), moisture.

qums, m. (101, n. 1), a cuming, arrival. [< qiman. OE. cyme, m., ME. cume, kime, a cuming.]

Lag, prt. of ligan.

laggei, f. (113), length. [< laggs. OE. lengu (str., for *lengî, weak, by change of declension), f., ME. lenge, OHG. lengî (likewise str.), MHG. lenge, NHG. länge, f., length.]

laggs, adj. (124), long (said of time only); Mk. II, 19. [OE. lǫng, lang, ME. NE. long.]

lagjan, wv. (187), to lay, lay down, put, place, giv, w. acc. and ana w. acc.; Mk. V, 23. II. Cor. III, 13; to communicate, commit, w. acc. and in w. dat. (or acc.?); II. Cor. V, 19. – Cpd. ga-l. [Caus. of ligan. OE. lecᵹan, ME. legge, leie, NE. lay.]

laígaíôn, legion; Mk. V, 9. 15. [< λεγεών, legion.]

laikan, rv. (179), to leap, leap for joy. [OE. lâcan, to leap, play, ME. lake, to play.]

laíktjô (57), f. (always in the margin, in B, opposit the passage to be red in church); II. Cor. III, 4. V, 11. [< L. lectio, a reading.]

laílôt, prt. of lêtan.

laílôun, prt. of lauan.

lais (30), prt. – prs. (197), I know. [Cp. laisareis, laisjan.]

laisareis, m. (92), teacher, master; Mk. IV, 38. V, 35. Lu. II, 46. Skeir. VII, a. [< *laisa (= OE. lâr, f., a teaching, ME. lare, lore, NE. lore) < lais. OHG. lêrari, MHG. lêrære, lêrer, NHG. lehrer, teacher.]

laiseins, f. (103, n. 1), a teaching, doctrin; Mk. I, 22. 27. IV, 2. [< laisjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

laisjan (30), wv. (188; 197), to teach, (1) abs.; Mk. IV, 1. (2) w. acc. of pers.; Mt. V, 19. Mk. I, 21. 22. II, 13; and acc. of th.; Mk. IV, 2. [Caus. of lais. OE. læ̂ran, to teach, ME. lere, to teach, lern, NE. lear (obs.). OHG. MHG. lêren, to teach, lern (rare), NHG. lehren, to teach.]

laistjan, wv. (188), to follow, follow after, w. afar w. dat.; Mk. I, 18. III, 7. [< laists (< lais + suff. -ti- = OE. lâst, m. o-stem, ME. last, lest, NE. last), m., foot-print, track. OE. læ̂stan, to perform (by following a track), stand by, ME. laste, leste, NE. last.]

Laíwweis, pr. n., Levi; acc. -i; Mk. II, 14. [< Λευίς.]

lamb, n. (94), lamb, sheep. [OE. ME. lǫmb, lamb, n., NE. lam.]

land, n. (94), land, cuntry, region; Mk. V, 1. 10, Lu. II, 8. (þata bisunjanê land, the cuntry round about; Lu. IV, 37); landis (215), gen. uzed adverbially, a portion of land, far away. [OE. lǫnd, land, n., ME. land, NE. land.]

lasiws (42, n. 1), adj. (124), feebl, weak. [< stem las-. Cf. OE. læ̂ssa, compar. adj., ME. lesse, NE. less.]

laþôn, wv. (190), to invite, call, w. acc.; Mk. II, 17. [OE. laðian, ME. laðie, OHG. ladôn, MHG. NHG. laden, to invite, summon.]

laþôns, f. (103, n. 1), a calling, invitation, consolation; Lu. II, 25. redemption; Lu. II, 38. [< laþôn.]

*lauan (22, n. 2; 26, n. 2), rv. (179, 4), to revile.

-laubjan (31), only in ga-, us-l. [< a sb. = OE. lêaf, f., ME. lêve, NE. leav, permission, (ge-)liefan, – lêfan, (< *-lêafian), ME. (i-, be-)lêve, NE. believ.]

laufs (56, n. 1), m. (91), leaf, the leavs, foliage. [OE. lêaf, n., ME. lêf, NE. leaf.]

laugnjan (31), wv. (188), to deny. [< -laugns (in ana-l.), adj., hidn. OE. lêgnian(?), lŷᵹnian, (< *lêagnian), ME. leine, laine, OHG. louginen, lougnen, MHG. löugenen, NHG. läugnen, to deny.]

lauhatjan, wv. (187, n. 1), to lighten.

lauhmuni (-moni; 14, n. 3), f., (98) lightning. [< lauhmun- (+ suff. -jô) < √ of liuhaþ + suff. -mun-.]

Lauidja (26, n. 1), f. (97) pr. n.; in dat. -ai. [< Λωίς, dat. Λωίδι.]

laun, n. (94), pay, reward; Mt. VI, 1. [OE. lêan, n., ME. lean, OHG. MHG. lôn, m. n., NHG. lohn, m., pay, reward.]

laus (78, n. 2), adj. (124), empty. [< √ of liusan. OE. lêas, ME. lês, empty, free from, false, NE. – less, ON. lauss, free, > ME. los, NE. loose.]

lausa-waúrds (88a, n. 1), adj. (124), speaking loose words, talking vainly. [-waúrds < waúrd.]

laus-handus (88a, n. 1), adj. (131, n. 1), empty-handed.

lausjan, wv. (188), to loose, redeem, deliver, w. acc. and af w. dat.; Mt. VI, 13. – Cpd. ga-l. [< laus. OE. lŷsan, lêsan, ME. lese (NE. loose, ME. lose < los; s. laus), OHG. lôsen, MHG. lœsen, NHG. lösen, to loose.]

laus-qiþrs (88a, n. 1), adj. (124), with empty stomach, fasting.

-leiban (56, n. 1), stv. (172, n. 1), in bi-l. [OE. (be-)lîfan, OHG. (bi-)lîban, MHG. blîben, NHG. bleiben, to remain, stay.]

leihts, adj. (124), light; II. Cor. IV, 17. [OE. lîht, ME. liht, NE. light.]

leihts, m. (? 90), lightness; II. Cor. I, 17. [< leihts, adj.]

leiƕan, stv. (172), to lend; l. sis, to borrow; Mt, V, 42. [OE. lêon (< lîhǫn), to lend, OHG. lîhan, MHG. lîhen, NHG. leihen, to lend, also borrow.]

leik, n. (94), body; Mt. V, 29. 30. VI, 22. 23. 25. Mk. V, 29. II. Cor. IV, 10. V, 6. 8. 10; flesh; II. Cor. I, 17. IV, 11. V, 16. [OE. lîc, n., ME. lik, lich, NE. like (obs.), person, corpse, lich- (in lichgate, lichwake, etc.), Lich- (in Lichfield), OHG. lîh (hh), f. n., body, flesh, MHG. lîch, lîche, f., body, corpse, NHG. leiche, f., corpse, leich- (in leichdorn, corn on a toe, leichnam, corpse; s. -hamôn).]