A Gothic Grammar

milhma, m. (108), cloud.

miliþ, n. (94), huney; Mk. I, 6. [Cf. OE. mele-, mil-, huney, in mele-, mil-dêaw, m., ME. mildew, NE. mildew.]

miluks, f. (116), milk. [OE. meolc, f., ME. NE. milk.]

*mims (mimz; 78, n. 1), n. (94), flesh, meat.

minnists, superl. adj. (138), very small, least; Mt. V, 19. 26. Mk. IV, 31. [< stem minn- (< minw-; cp. Brgm., I, § 180) + superl. suff. -ista-. OHG. minnist, MHG. minnest, NHG. mindest (the d from the compar.; cp. Kl. W., minder), least.]

minniza, compar. adj. (138), smaller, less. [< stem minn- (s. minnists) + compar. suff. -iza. OHG. minniro, MHG. minner, minre, NHG. minder (w. eufonic d), smaller, less.]

mins (minz; 78, n. 1), adv. (212, n. 1), less. [< minn- (s. minnist) + adv. compar. suff. -s for -is.]

mis; s. ik, meina.

*missa-dêþs (-dêds), f. (103), misdeed, trespass, sin; Mt. VI, 14. 15. II. Cor. V, 19. [miss(a) - = OE. ME. NE. mis- (not = mis-, as in mischief, < Lt. minus).]

missa-leiks, adj. (124), various, divers; Mk. I, 34.

missô, adv. (211, n. 1), reciprocally, one another, w. a pers. prn.; sis m.; Mk. I, 27. IV, 41. Lu. II, 15. [< missa- + adv. suff. -ô.]

mitan, stv. (176), to mezure; Mk. IV, 24. – Cpd. us-m. [OE. metan, ME. mete, NE. mete.]

mitaþs, f. (116), mezure; Mk. IV, 24. [< mitan + suff. -a-þi-(-di-).]

mitôn, wv. (190), w. acc., to consider, reason upon, think over, think; Mk. II, 8; and refl. dat.; Mk. II, 8; to purpose, intend; II. Cor. I, 17. [Perhaps < a lost sb. OHG. meȥôn (< meȥ, n., mezure, way, manner), to mete, moderate.]

mitôns, f. (103, n. 1), consideration, thought; Lu. II, 35. [< mitôn + suff. -ô-ni-.]

miþ (mid; 74, n. 1), (1) prep. w. dat. (217), (a) denoting 'accumpaniment, community, connection', with, together with, among, amid; Mt. V, 25. 41. Mk. I, 13. 20. 29. 36. II, 16. 19. 25. 26. III, 6. 7. 14. IV, 10. 36. V, 18. 24. 40. Lu. II, 5. 13. 36. 51. II. Cor. I, 1. 21. IV, 14; (b) 'way' and manner'; Mk. III, 5. IV, 16. (2) adv., along (with). [Cf. OE. ME. mid, prep. and adv., with, along, NE. mid- (in midwife).]

miþ-ana-kumbjan (54, n. 1), wv. (188), to lie down together with, sit at table with; Mk. II, 15.

miþ-garda-waddjus (88a, n. 2), f. (105), partition wall, midl wall.

miþ-þan-ei, conj. (218), (lit. 'with that that'), when, while, as; Mk. IV, 4. Lu. II, 6. 27. 43. II. Cor. III, 15. 16.

miþ-wissei (30), f. (113), a 'knowing with', conscience; II. Cor. I, 12. IV, 2. V, 11. [< *miþwiss < miþ + -wiss (in un-wiss, not known, uncertain), prop. an old ptc. in-to-, < stv. witan (ss < tt < d-t). -wiss = OE. – wis, in ge-wis (ge = Goth. ga), adj., certain, ME. (i-) wiss, adj., certain, and adv., certainly, NE. ywis (obs.), certainly.]

mizdô, f. (112), reward; Mt. V, 46. VI, 2. 5. 16. [OE. meord, mêd (by lengthening of e + z to ê; cp. Brgm., I, § 538), ME. mede, mêde, NE. meed.]

môdags, adj. (124), wroth, angry; Mt. V, 22. [< môþs + suff. -aga-. OE. môdig (w. later suff. – ig, for orig. – eg = Goth. -ags. Cp. my remarks on this point in 'Transactions of the Wis. Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters', vol. VIII, p. 167), adj., proud, brave, ME. mody, NE. moody.]

*môjan (26), wv. (187), in af-m. [OHG. muo(j)an, MHG. müe(j)en, to trubl, make angry, NHG. mühen, to trubl.]

Môsês, pr. n., Moses; Mk. I, 44. II. Cor. III, 13 (in B). 15; Môsêz; II. Cor. III, 13 (in A); gen. Môsêzis; Lu. II, 22. II. Cor. III, 7. [< Μωσῆς.]

môta, f. (97), toll, custom; the place where customs ar paid, receipt of custom; Mk. II, 14. [OHG. *muoȥa, MHG. muoȥe, NHG. (Bavarian) mŭess, toll, multure, (LG. mûta >) OHG. mûta, MHG. mûte, NHG. maut, f., toll, custom.]

-môtan, prt. – prs. (202), in ga-m. [OE. *môtan, prs. ind. môt, may; prt. môste, ME. prs. mot, môt, may, must, 2nd prs. most (OE. môst); prt. most(e) > NE. must.]

môtareis, m. (92), toll-taker, publican; Mt. V, 47. Mk. II, 15. 16. [< môta + suff. -arja-.]

-môtjan, wv., to meet, in ga-m. [< *môt (= OE. môt, n., ME. môt, meeting). OE. mêtan, ME. mete, NE. meet.]

môþs (gen. môdis; 74, n. 2), m. (91, n. 2), wrath, anger; Mk. III, 5. [OE. môd, n., mind, curage, pride, ME. môd, NE. mood.]

mûka-môdei (15), f. (113), meekness. [mûka- = ON. mjúkr > ME. meoc, meke, NE. meek.]

-mûljan (15), wv. (188), in faúr-m. [< mûla-, n., mouth, cf. OHG. mûla, f., MHG. mûl, mûle, n., mûle, f., NHG. maul, n., mouth.]

munan, prt. – prs. (200), to mean, suppose, think. – Cpd. ga-m. [OE. (ge-)munan, prs. ind. man, mǫn, prt. munde, ME. (i-) mune, prs. man, prt. munde, remember, think.]

munan, wv. (200, n. 1), to think, intend. [< muns. OE. mynnan, ME. mynne, munne, to remember.]

muns, m. (101), thought, mind, purpose; counsel, device; II. Cor. II, 11. [< stv. munan. OE. myne, memory, luv, ME. mune, mind, memory.]

Naen (6), pr. n., Nain. [Ναΐν.]

-nah, in bi-, ga-; s. -naúhan.

nahta-mats (88a, n. 3), m. (101), supper (lit. 'night-food'); Skeir. VII, b.

nahts, f. (116), night; gen. nahts, in the night, by night; Lu. II, 8; dat. sg. naht, by night; Mk. IV, 27; dat. pl. nahtam, by night; Mk. V, 5. Lu. II, 37. [OE. neaht, niht, ME. niht, NE. night.]

naiteins, f. (103, n. 1), blasfemy; Mk. II, 7. III, 28. [< -naitjan (in ga-n.), to blasfeme, + suff. -ei-ni-.]

naqaþs, gen. naqadis, adj. (124), naked; II. Cor. V, 3. [OE. nacod (w. an unlabialized guttural), ME. naked, NE. naked.]

namnjan, wv. (187), to name, call. [< stem of namô (for the mn, s. Brgm., I, § 215). OE. nemnan (beside namian, ME. name, NE. name), ME. nemne, OHG. MHG. nemmen, nennen, NHG. nennen, to name, call.]

namô, n. (110, n. 1), name; Mt. VI, 9. Mk. III, 16. 17. V, 9. 22. Lu. II, 21. 25. [OE. nǫma, nama, m., ME. nome, name, NE. name.]

naseins, f. (103, n. 1), salvation; Lu. II, 30. II. Cor. I, 6. [< nasjan + suff. -ei-ni-.]

nasjan, wv. (185), to save; Mk. III, 4. – Cpd. ga-n. [Caus. of -nisan. OE. nerian, nergan, to save, OHG. ner(j)an, MHG. nerigen, nern, NHG. nähren, to nurish.]

nasjands, m. (115), the Savior; Lu. II, 11. [Prop. prsp. of nasjan. OE. nergend, m., savior.]

nati, n. (95), net; Mk. I, 16. 18. 19. [OE. net(t), n., ME. NE. net.]

Naþan (70), pr. n., Nathan. [< Ναθάν.]

Naúbaímbaír (54, n. 1), November. [< Lt. November.]

naudi-bandi (88a), f. (96), fetter, lit. 'need-band'; Mk. V, 3. 4. [naudi- < stem of nauþs.]

Naúêl (26, n. 1), pr. n. [< Νῶε.]

naúh, adv., stil, yet; Skeir. VII, c; ni naúh, not yet, not as yet; Mk. IV, 40. [< nu + -uh. OHG. MHG. noh, NHG. noch, yet, stil.]

-naúhan, prt. – prs. (201), in bi-, ga-n. [OE. – nugan, in 3d pers. sg. – neah (= Goth. -nah), in be-, ge-n., it suffices.]

naúh-þanuh, adv., stil, yet; Mk. V, 35.

naus, m. (101, n. 3), a ded man, corpse.

nauþjan, wv. (188), to force, press, compel, in ana-n. [< nauþs. OHG. nôtan, nôten, MHG. nôten, nœten, to urge, compel.]

nauþs, f. (103), need, necessity. [OE. nîed, nêad, nêd, f., ME. nede, nêd, NE. need.]

Nazaraiþ, indecl. pr. n., Nazareth; Mk. I, 9. Lu. II, 4. 39. 51. [< Ναζαρέτ.]

Nazôrênus, pr. n., one of Nazareth. voc. (onse in) -ai (Gr. infl.); Mk. I, 24. [< Ναζωρηνός.]

nê, adv. (216), no, nay; Mt. V, 37. II. Cor. I, 17. 18. 19. [Cf. ni.]

nêƕ (64), adv., near. [OE. nêah, nêh, ME. neih, neiᵹe, NE. nigh.]

nêƕa, adv. (216), near; uzed as prep. w. dat., near; Mk. II, 4. [< nêƕ.]

nêƕis, compar. adv. (212), nearer. [< stem of nêƕ + adv. compar. suff. -is.]

nêƕjan (sik), wv. (188), to draw near, approach. – Cpd. at-n. [< nêƕ. OHG. nâhan, nâhen, MHG. næhen, to bring near, beside nâhen, NHG. nahen, to approach, be near.]

nêƕundja, m. (108, neighbor; Mt. V, 43.) [< stem of nêƕ + suff. -und-jan-.]

nei, interr. particl, not?; II. Cor. III, 8. [< ni + ei.]

neiwan, stv. (172, n. 3), to hav a quarrel against.

ni, neg. part. (216), not, (1) joind to vs. (a) in declarativ sentences; Mt. V, 17. 18. 26. 34. 36. 39. VI, 1. 15. 18. 26. Mk. I, 7. 34. 45. II, 2. 12. 17. 18. 19. III, 9. 12. 20. 24. 25. 26. IV, 5. 6. 12. 13. 17. 22. 25. 27. 34. V, 19. 37. 39. Lu. II, 7. 26. 37. 43. 50. II. Cor. I, 8. 9. 23. II, 1. 3. 5. 11. 13. 17. III, 7. 10. 13. IV, 1. 2. 4. 16. V, 4. 16. 21. Skeir. VII, b. d; so also w. a pred. ptc.; Mk. II, 24. 26; or a prs. ptc.; Mk. II, 4. Lu. II, 45. II. Cor. IV, 18. V, 19; (b) in prohibitiv sentences; Mt. V, 7. 8. 17. 21. 27. 33. 42. VI, 2. 3. 5. 7. 13. 16. 19. 25. 31. Mk. V, 7. 36. Lu. II, 10. (2) joind to other words (sbs., adjs., ptcs. uzed as adjs., etc.), chiefly in antithesis and hypothetical sentences, and often w. other particls; Mt. V, 20. 30. VI, 15. 24. Mk. I, 22. II, 27. IV, 40. V, 26. II. Cor. I, 12. 13. 24. II, 4. 5. III, 3. 5. 6. IV, 5. 7. 8. 9. V, 3. 7. 12. 15. 16. Skeir. VII, a. b. c. [OE. ME. ne, NE. ne (obs.), adv., not. Also containd in no, neither, not, etc.]

niba, nibai (10, n. 2), conj. (218), except, but, if not, unless, save; (1) w. sbs.; Mk. II, 7. 26. V, 37. II. Cor. II, 2. (2) w. vbs.; Mt. V, 20. Mk. III, 27; nibai ƕan, lest at any time; Mk. IV, 12. [< ni + iba, ibai.]

nidwa, f. (97), rust; Mt. VI, 19. 20.

nih (20, n. 1; 62, n. 3), conj. (218), and not, not even; Mt. VI, 29; in a negativ sentence it merely intensifies the negation or is either copulativ or disjunctiv: ni..nih, not … and not, not … nor, (or not even, not as much as); Mt. VI, 20. 25. Mk. II, 2. III, 20. Skeir. VII, a; ni..nih..nih, not … nor … nor; Mt. VI, 26; nih..ak, not … but; II. Cor. I, 19. Skeir. VII, a; nih þan..ak jah, for not … but also; Skeir. VII, c; ni..nih..ak, not … nor … but; II. Cor. IV, 2; nih allis ƕa..nih..ak, for nothing … neither … but; Mk. IV, 22; nih..nih, neither … nor, not … nor; Mt. VI, 20. 28; ni..allis ni ..nih..nih..nih, not at all, neither … nor … nor … neither; Mt. V, 34. 35. 36. [< ni + -h, i. e. -uh. OHG. nih-, in nih(h)ein, nechein, MHG. nehein, nechein, nekein, short hein, kein, NHG. kein, adj., not any, no.]

Nikaúdêmus (23, n. 1), pr. n., Nicodemus.

niman, stv. (170; 175), to take, accept, receiv, take away, w. acc.; Mt. V, 40. Mk. II, 9. 11. IV, 16. Skeir. VII, b. – Cpds. af-, and-, ga-, us-n. [OE. niman, ME. nime, to take, seiz, NE. nim (Shak.), to steal.]

-nisan, stv. (176, n. 1), in ga-n. [OE. gi-nesan, to be saved, OHG. gi-nesan, MHG. genesen, to remain alive, be saved, be deliverd (of a child), NHG. genesen, to recuver.]

niþan, stv. (176, n. 1), to help. [Its √ (w. abl.) appears in OHG. ginâda, f., mercy, grace, MHG. gnâde, genâde, NHG. gnade, f., grace, etc.]

niþjis, m. (92), kinsman, cuzin. [OE. nið-in pl. niððas, m., persons, men.]

niþjô, f. (112), female cuzin. [Extended < stem of niþjis.]

ni-u, interr. part. (216), in dir. questions, not? (= Lt. 'nonne'); Mt. V, 46. 47. VI, 25. 26. Mk. IV, 21. 38. Lu. II, 49; ni aiw, never?; Mk. II, 25.

-niujan, wv. (187), to renew, in ana-n. [< niujis.]

niuja-satiþs (88a, n. 1), pp. uzed as sb., m. (134), a novice. [satiþs < satjan.]

niujis, adj. (126), new, yung; Mk. I, 27. II, 21. 22. II. Cor. III, 6. V, 17. [OE. nîewe, nîwe, < nêowe (+ suff. – ja-), ME. niwe, new(e), NE. new.]

niu-klahei, f. (113), puerility, pusillanimity; Skeir. VII, a. [< niuklahs, adj., under age, childish; niu- = OE. nêo-we; s. niujis.]

niun, card. num. (141), nine. [OE. nigon (the g being intrusiv), nigen, ME. niᵹen (infl. niᵹene > the contracted) nine, NE. nine.]

niunda, ord. num. (146), ninth. [< niun. OE. nigoða (< *nigonða), ME. nieþe, nynt, NE. ninth (by influence of 'nine').]

niuntêhund, num. (143), ninety. [< niun + -têhund. Cp. Brgm., III, § 179.]

niutan, stv. (173, n. 1), to enjoy. [OE. nêotan, OHG. gi-nioȥan (= Goth. ga-n.), MHG. genieȥen, NHG. geniessen, to enjoy.]

-nôhjan, wv. (188), in ga-n. [< (ga) – nôhs.]

nôta, m. (108), hinder part of a ship, stern; Mk. IV, 38.

nu, (1) adv. (214, n. 1; 218), now, even now, just now; Lu. II, 29; uzed as sb.: fram þamma nu, henseforth; II. Cor. V, 16. (2) conj. (218: so never at the beginning of a sentence), now, then, therefore; Mt. V, 19. 23. 48. VI, 2. 8. 9. 22. 23. 31. II. Cor. I, 17. III, 12. IV, 12. 13. V, 6. 11. 20. [Cf. OE. nû, ME. nu, nou, NE. now.]

nuh, adv. (216; 218), occurring always in questions, now, then, therefore. [< nu + -h, i. e. -uh-.]

-numja (33), m., one who takes, in arbi-numja, heir. [< niman + suff. -jan-.]

nunu, conj. (218), now, then, therefore. [< nu + nu.]

nuta, m. (108), cacher, fisher; Mk. I, 17. [< niutan.]

Ô, interj. (219), o! oh!

ôgan (35), prt. – prs. (202), to fear, be afraid, (1) abs.; Mk. V, 15. 33. Lu. II, 10; ôgan agisa mikilamma (instr. dat.), to fear exceedingly; Lu. II, 9. (2) w. refl. dat. (sis) and a cognate acc. (agis mikil), to fear exceedingly; Mk. IV, 41. [< *agan; s. unagands.]

ôgjan (35), wv. (188), to terrify, frighten. [Caus. of ôgan.]

ôhtêdun, prt. of ôgan.

ôsanna (61), Hosannah. [< ὠσαννά, pray, help!, < the Hebrew.]

Paida (51), f. (97), coat; Mt. V, 40. [Prob. a foren w. (51, a). OE. pâd, f., OHG. pheit, MHG. pheit, pfeit, f., gown.]

paíntêkustê (13, n. 1), Pentecost. [< πεντηκοστή, fiftieth (i. e. the 50th day after the Passover.)]

Paítrus, pr. n., Peter; Mk. III, 16; acc. -u; Mk. V, 37. [< Πέτρος.]

paraskaíwê (39), f. (113), the day of the preparation. [< παρασκευή, f., preparation.]

paska, f. (97), (the feast of) the Passover; Lu. II, 41. [< πάσχα < the Hebrew.]

Paúntius (24, n. 5), pr. n., Pontius. [< Πόντιος.]

paúrpura, paúrpaúra (24, ns. 2. 5), f. (97), purpl. [< Lt. purpura.]

Pawlus, pr. n., Paul; II. Cor. I, 1. [< Παῦλος.]

peika-bagms (51), m. (91), date-palm.

Peilâtus (5, a), pr. n., Pilate. [< Πειλᾶτος.]

Phaeba (52), pr. n.

pistikeins (51), adj. (124), genuin, pure. [< πιστικός, faithful, honest, + Goth. suff. -eina-.]

plapja, f. (97, n. 1), street; Mt. VI, 5. [Occurs only onse, in gen. pl. plapjô, which is prob. an error, for *platjô < Lt. platea < Grk. πλατεῖα, a broad way, street.]

plats, m. (91, or 100? or plat, n., 94?), a piece of cloth, pach; Mk. II, 21. [< Old Slavonic platu, pach.]

plinsjan (51), wv. (188), to dance. [< Old Slavonic plesati, to dance.]

-praggan (51), rv. (178), in ana-p. [< Old Slavonic. Cf. Dutch prangen, to press.]

praitôriaún, n. (120, n. 2), Pretorium. [< πραιτώριον, Pretorium.]

praúfêteis, f. (92), profetess; Lu. II, 36. [< προφήτις, profetess.]

praúfêtus (praúfêtês), m. (105; 91), profet; dat. -au; Mk. I, 2; acc. pl. -uns; Mt. V, 17. [< προφητής, profet.]

puggs (51), m. (91; or pugg, n., purse.) [Borrowd purse.]

pund (51), n. (94), pound. [< Lt. pondo, indecl. sb.; pound; cf. Lt. pondus, weight.]

Q. See K.

Radagaisus (21, n. 1), pr. n.

raginôn, wv. (190), to guvern, be guvernor; Lu. II, 2. [< ragin (= OE. regn-, in composition), n., judgment, decree, counsel, (> also ragineis (92), m., counselor). OE. regnjan, to plan, arrange.]

rahnjan, wv. (188), to reckon, count, w. acc. of th. and dat. of pers., to impute anything to; II. Cor. V, 19.

raíhtis, adv. conj. (218) uzed as an enclitic, for, however, indeed; Mk. IV, 4. [< raíhts + adv. compar. suff. -is; s. 212.]

raíhts, adj. (124), straight, right; Mk. I, 3. [Prop. an old ptc. in-to-, < √ of reiks. OE. riht, ME. ryght, riht, NE. right.]

-raisjan, wv. (188), to cause to rize, to raiz, in ur-r. [Caus. of -reisan. OE. ræ̂ran (r < z < s), ME. rere, NE. rear.]

raka (indecl.), raca; Mt. V, 22. [< ῥακά < Hebrew râkâ, wurthless fellow.]

-rakjan, wv. (188), to strech, in uf-r. [OHG. recchen, MHG. NHG. recken, Du. rekken, to strech, > NE. rack.]

rann, prt. of rinnan.

-rannjan (32), wv. (188), to cause to run, in ur-r. [Caus. of rinnan. OHG. rennan, rennen, MHG. rennen, to cause to run (especially a horse), NHG. rennen (intr.), to run, race.]

rasta, f. (97), stage (of a jurney), mile; Mt. V, 41. [< √ ras, to stay (> also razn (w. suff. na), n., house) + suff. -tô-. OHG. rasta, MHG. raste, rast, f., rest, stage of a jurney, NHG. rast, f., rest, repose. Cf. OE. rest, ræst (w. suff. – ti-), ME. NE. rest.]

-raþjan (?), stv. (177, n. 2), in ga-r.

raþjô, f. (112), number, account. [< √ of -raþjan + suff. -jôn-. OHG. redia, reda, MHG. rede, f., account, speech, NHG. rede, f., speech. ra-þ- = E. – red; s. hund. (Cp. Brgm., I, § 214; II, § 300.)]

-raubôn, wv. (190), to rob, in bi-r. [OE. (bi-)rêafian, ME. (bi)reve, NE. (be-)reav.]

raupjan, wv. (188), to pluck, w. acc.; Mk. II, 23. [OHG. roufen, MHG. roufen, röufen, NHG. raufen, to pluck, pul.]

*rauþs (gen. raudis; 74, n. 2), adj. (124), red. [OE. rêad, ME. rêd, NE. red.]

Reccarêd (6, n. 2), pr. n.

-rêdan, rv. (181), (only in cpds.), to counsel, deliberate. [OE. ræ̂dan, ME. rede, reade, to advise, rule, NE. rede, read (Shak.), > OE. ræ̂d, m., ME. rede, reade, NE. (obs.) read, rede, advice, counsel, > OE. ræ̂dan (wv.), ME. rêde, to interpret, NE. read.]

reiki, n. (95), power, authority, rule. [< reiks, sb. OE. rîce (rîci), n., ME. riche, rike, reign, kingdom, NE. – ric (ME. – rich, OE. – rîce), in bishopric.]

reikinôn, wv. (190), to rule, guvern. [< reiks, sb.]

reiks, m. (117), ruler, prince. [Stem reik-, reika-, < Keltic rîg-, ruler. Cp. reiks, adj.]